Phonetics - sayansi ya phokoso

Language - ndi dongosolo Mipikisano mlingo, amene lagawidwa subsystems yosavuta zovuta kapena milingo. Phonetics - chinenero wotsikitsitsa mlingo, monga amafufuza mayunitsi ake unilateral - phokoso phonemes, supersegmentnye wagawo, kupanikizika ndi intonation. Dzinali amachokera ku mawu achigiriki amene amatanthauza phokoso, mau, phokoso, kulankhula. Komanso phonetics - ndi zilankhulo gawo, kumene timaphunzira mlingo wa chinenero ndi zonse kwa iye monga: mawu zikumveka, osakaniza ndi kusintha Pamalo, kupanga zikumveka wolankhulayo ndi maganizo awo womvera, komanso ngati maonekedwe a envelopu phokoso la chinenero ambiri, ndi zokuzira ndi katchulidwe makhalidwe a chinenero aliyense.

Zigawo za phonetics:

- Nawo ndi ena. General Phonetics amaphunzira malamulo a dongosolo phokoso chipolopolo, mfundo, kaya chinenero yeniyeni. Private phonetics - phonology ndi a zinenero makamaka.
- mbiri ndi chi. Mbiri phonology - kuphunzira malamulo phonetic amene ntchito chinenero panthawi zosiyanasiyana, ndipo kodi zotsatira zawo zili chinenero panobe. phonetics Modern amafufuza boma la mlingo chinenero pa mphindi.
- ongolankhula ndi experimental.

Phonetics - izo si mlingo wa chinenero ndi nthambi ya zilankhulo: dzina ndi chinenero chipolopolo phokoso. M'njira imeneyi, iwo anaphunzira zinthu zotsatirazi:

1. lamayimbidwe. Izi ndi view kulira kwa chipolopolo chinenero ku malo womvera lapansi. Mu mbali iyi, ife yofufuza zimene munthu amamva mu maganizo a mudziwe kulankhula. Mbali lamayimbidwe limafotokoza phokoso khalidwe: ali pamwamba, ndi oscillation pafupipafupi, timbre ndi katundu ena.

2. Articulating. Chinthu phunziro pano - phokoso udindo nkhani, kuti ndi ntchito ya ziwalo kulankhula kupanga liwu lililonse.

Phonetics akulingalira phokoso mu zinthu zitatu:

- thupi. Izi zikuphatikizapo makhalidwe zinthu zomveka.

- Articulating (anatomical ndi thupi). Pamafunikanso anatomical ndi thupi makhalidwe a mawu, articulation katundu mawu, makamaka kapangidwe ka zida ntchito mawu, gulu la za mawu ndi consonant phokoso m'zinenero zosiyanasiyana.

- phonological (chikhalidwe). Pa mlingo, pali kugwirizana phokoso ndi chikumbumtima anthu. Unit zoyambirira za mlingo - phoneme - ndi mtundu wa omveka bwino, amene amasungidwa maganizo, ndipo ubale wa nkhaniyo ndipo mkokomo wa stereotype izi.

Ngakhale kuti articulation chipangizo mitundu yonse ndi dongosolo lomwelo, zinenero zosiyana ndi zosiyana kwambiri ndi mzake kale pa mlingo phonetic. Mwachitsanzo, phonetics English, mosiyana Russian, amadziwa stun anafuulira zilembo pamaso ogontha, ndi mochuluka kuposa apo, ndicho chizindikiro chosiyana. Komanso, mu chingelezi, komanso zina, osiyana yaitali ndi waufupi za mawu zikumveka, kuti Chirasha sumabala katundu zamalankhulidwe. A phonetics Spanish monga ndalama popanda chifooke mavawelo unstressed, ndipo popanda mitigating ndi zilembo pamaso pa za mawu u ndi e. Komabe, mawu si Spanish.