Jewel wa China - Oolong Tea

Tiyi ya ku Oolong ya Chinese (Oolong, tiyi ya tiyi ya turquoise) imakhala yambiri komanso yodabwitsa. Anapanga zonunkhira zodabwitsa, kuyambitsa moyo, ndi kukoma kosaiwalika. Choncho, amatha kusangalala m'chilimwe komanso m'nyengo yozizira, mu nyengo iliyonse komanso kukhala ndi maganizo. Oolong akhoza kuyankhulidwa kwa nthawi yaitali, kupanga nthano za izo, zomwe ndizo zomwe a Chinese akhala akuchita zaka 400 zapitazi, kuyambira nthawi yoyamba iwo anayesa zakumwa zaumulungu izi.

Hieroglyph, yomwe imatanthawuza tiyi ya Oolong, ili ndi matanthauzo ambiri. Likhoza kutanthauzidwa kuti "Black Dragon", lomwe mwina likugwirizana ndi dera lomwe Oolong anabadwira - kumpoto kwa chigawo cha Fujian ndi mtsinje wothamanga kumeneko wotchedwa "Black Dragon" (Ulunjiang). Mipingo imatchedwanso "chin cha", kutanthauza "tiyi ya turquoise". Malinga ndi buku lina, dzina limeneli limasonyeza mtundu wa kulowetsedwa kapena zopangidwa kuchokera ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tiyiyi. Ndipo ena amanena kuti "chin cha" sichizindikiro cha mtundu wa tiyi, koma chifukwa chake: popeza turquoise ku China ndi miyala yokongola, ndipo Oolong ndi "tiyi yamtengo wapatali".

Oolongs amatchulidwa kuti "ana a Kumwamba ndi Dziko lapansi", chifukwa mitundu yawo yabwino imakula m'madera akumidzi ndi chilumba cha China okha, ndipo imakhala yotentha ndi kutenthedwa ndi dzuwa. Mtundu wa Chinese Oolong mwachindunji umadalira pazifukwa zingapo: ubwino wa tsamba la tiyi, ntchito ya osonkhanitsa (zofunikira za maolivi zimasonkhanitsidwa ndi kusankhidwa ndi dzanja), kuchuluka kwa utsi ndi dzuwa pamene kukula kwa masamba a tiyi, malo otsetsereka a m'mapiri ndi zina zambiri zobisika.

Zosiyanasiyana za mitundu Oolong

Tilibe chilumba chachabechabe (Taiwan) ndi China China. Ndiponsotu, chiyambi cha tiyi ya ku China Oolong chimachokera pa chizindikiro chokha. Choncho, tisiyanitsa ma Oolong, akuluakulu ndi okolola pachilumba cha Taiwan ndi ku China (kumpoto ndi kumwera kwa Fujian ndi Guangdong). Kuwonjezera pamenepo, ma Oolongs (otsika pang'ono) omwe amafufuzidwa (Taiwan) ndi kum'mwera kwa Fujian, komanso m'chigawo cha Guangdong ndi kumpoto kwa Fujian, Oolongs (oposa 50%) amawunikira.

Amakhulupirira kuti maolivi oyambirira omwe anawonekera anali ofukiza kwambiri, okula pamapiri a Hui (Fujian Province) ndi mapiri a Phoenix (Province of Guangdong). Matenda oterewa amapangidwa lero kuchokera ku masamba ndi maluwa okongola a mtengo wa tiyi-ngati zitsamba zamitundu yapadera. Okonzeka, opangidwa ndi oolongwa kwambiri Oolong ali ndi masamba a tiyi ndi mawonekedwe aatali. Masamba omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apange mawonekedwewa amatha kupotoka nthawi yaitali komanso pamapeto amatha kufotokoza zofiira ndi zobiriwira, zakuda kapena zakuda. Nunkhira wa masamba a tiyi owuma m'magawo oterewa ndi amphamvu mokwanira, okoma ndi okometsera. Pambuyo mowa, masamba otseguka omwe ali ndi mzere wofiira ndi malo obiriwira (amapamwamba kwambiri) amapereka maonekedwe achikasu aukali kapena kulowetsedwa kwa amber, nthawizina amakhala ndi mthunzi wa uchi wa buckwheat ndi kukoma kowala, kumene mungathe kumva zolemba za uchi ndi zonunkhira, komanso chokoleti, mabulosi ndi mthunzi. .

Pambuyo pake, kunalinso ma teya a Chinese omwe anali ochepa kwambiri, omwe anali abwino kwambiri omwe anawongolanso kuchokera ku masamba okongola omwe amapezeka m'mapiri aatali. Chaunki wa mitundu iyi ya Oolong ali ndi mawonekedwe a mpira ndipo amasiyana ndi mtundu wobiriwira. Teyi yotereyi imapangidwa kuchokera ku zomwe zimatchedwa kuthamanga, zomwe pambuyo pake zimatsegulidwa kwathunthu, "kutembenukira" kukhala masamba atatu pa nthambi imodzi. Kuwathira tiyi wofooka kwambiri Oolong, mumatha kumva bwino, odzaza ndi zosiyana (zokongola, zipatso, kirimu) zowakometsera pamodzi ndi zofewa, zosautsa pang'ono.

Kuonjezerapo, mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana imatha kudziwika kuti Oolongs onunkhira. Mitedza yotereyi, yomwe imapangidwa, monga lamulo, pachilumba cha Taiwan, ili ndi njira ziwiri izi:

- ndi kuwonjezera kwa zowonjezera zokometsera zakuthupi, monga maluwa a duwa, jasmine, mtengo wa sinamoni maluwa, ginseng;

- pogwiritsira ntchito zokopa zapadera.

Mavotolo Ovotukuka amapangidwa ndi ma teas. Maonekedwe a tsambali amasiyana, koma kawirikawiri ndi tsamba lomwe linagulungidwa mu bead kapena masamba a tiyi omwe amafanana ndi miyala yofanana (monga momwe ziliri ndi ginseng Oolong).

Mutha kuonana ndi Oolongs , omwe amapangidwa ndi ma teas. Masamba awo, opotozedwa mu mipira, amakhala ndi mtundu wakuda. Kununkhira kwa tiyi wouma bwino kumakhala kolimba zokometsera, khofi ndi zolemba zakhukoleti. Kukoma kolemera ndi kolimba kwa ma Oolong omwe amafutukuka kumakhala ndi uchi wokongola, mithunzi ya zipatso zouma ndi tsabola.

Zinsinsi za kupanga Oolongs

Chinese Oolong ndi tiyi yapadera. Mu teyi ya Chinese, imatanthawuza ma tea omwe ali odzola, ndiko kuti, amakhala pakati pakati pa tiyi ndi tiyi wofiira. Izi zimamupangitsa kuti adziphatikize mozizwitsa kutsitsi ndi kununkhira kwa tiyi wobiriwira, kukoma ndi mphamvu yofiira, komanso mpweya wabwino kwambiri wa tiyi.

Kupeza mgwirizano wamatsenga uku kumapanga njira yapadera yopangira Oolong.

Poyamba, zipangizo za tiyi ya ku China Oolong ndi masamba okhwima okhwima omwe amachokera ku tiyi akuluakulu ndipo ali ndi mphamvu ndi mphamvu zomwe zimapezeka mu tsamba la tiyi panthawi yomwe ikukula ndi kusasitsa.

Masamba amasonkhanitsidwa mwadzidzidzi ndi osonkhanitsa akatswiri ndiyeno podvyalivayutsya padzuwa kwa ola limodzi. Pambuyo pake, masamba owumawo amawoneka bwino m'mabasiketi akulu ndikuyika mthunzi wa nayonso mphamvu. Mfundo yaikulu yopanga tiyi ya Oolong ndi yakuti panthawi ya kuthirira masamba m'masamba amatsitsimula ola limodzi ndikuwombedwa, kuyesera kuti asawononge ndi kuswa masamba. Chotsatira chake, masambawa amathiridwa mosiyana - pamphepete mwapakati kuposa pakati. Motero, malingana ndi zomwe zimapangidwa komanso nthawi ya ndondomekoyi, kuperewera kwapadera kumaphatikizapo - kuchokera 20% mpaka 60%, koma kwa Ooluns ambiri mtengo wake uli pakati pa 40-50%.

Pambuyo pofika mlingo woyenera wa nayonso mphamvu, masamba amauma pa kutentha kwa 250-300 ° C, motero amasokoneza njira yake yowonjezera. Monga lamulo, kuyanika kwa zipangizo kumachitika mu magawo awiri:

1) masamba a tiyi aumitsidwa kwa mphindi zochepa ndi zopotoka;

2) youma tiyi, kuchepetsa chinyezi chake ndipo potsirizira pake kuimitsa nayonso mphamvu.

Tiyi yomwe tipezeyi ndiyotumizidwa ndi kugulitsa.

Tiyi ya Chitchaina Oolong ndi yodabwitsa komanso yodabwitsa kwambiri moti singathe kusokonezeka ndi tiyi ina iliyonse, kotero kuti zowona ndizosavuta. Oolong iyi ndi tsamba lonse. M'menemo simudzaona fumbi kapena masamba osweka. Mukamwetsa, masamba a Oolong akufutukuka ndipo mumatha kuona mdima wawo wamkati, ndipo mwatsopano, kusunga kapangidwe ndi mphamvu zake pakati. Kuonjezera apo, zikuwonekeratu zodabwitsa, ndikuwulukira pang'onopang'ono, kuchokera ku mowa kuti ukhale ndi kukoma kwa Oolong, zomwe sizingatheke kukumba.

Zopindulitsa kwambiri ndi mitundu ya tiyi ya Oolong, zipangizo zomwe zinasonkhanitsidwa mu kugwa. Kenaka kudza kasupe, chilimwe ndi nyengo yozizira. Kukolola kwadzukulu kwa tchizi ta tiyi kumakhala kokoma kwambiri komanso kukoma kwake. Choncho, ma teas opangidwa kuchokera ku masamba omwe amapezeka m'dzinja ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri.

Kuwombera Oolongs

Oolong ndi mtundu wokha wa tiyi womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pa tepi ya tiyi ya Gongfu Cha, momwe kumwa kwa tiyi kumakhala ngati mawonekedwe enaake, komwe kulikonse kuli kosavuta ndi kutsimikiziridwa, ndi tiyi onunkhira ikhoza kukupangitsani inu kukondwera kwa maola 1.5-2. Tiyi amatha kuledzera ndi okha, pogwiritsa ntchito gaiwan - chidebe chapadera chakumwa, chokhala ndi chikho chachikulu ndi chivindikiro choyenera.

Matenda a Oolong a ku China akhoza kulimbana ndi madzi otentha. Ndipo komabe sikuyenera kutentha komanso kuwira. Monga lamulo, Oolong amafukizidwa ndi madzi, kutentha kumene kumatha kufika 90-95 ° C ndipo, mosasunthika popanda kuumirira, kumatsanulira kapu yoyamba. Pa teapot, mlingo wa 150 ml ndi okwanira magalamu 7 a masamba a tiyi.

Mitengo yamtengo wapatali yamagulu angapangidwe nthawi 20-25. Panthawi imodzimodziyo nthawi iliyonse amasintha fungo lawo - kusunthira kuchoka pa pichesi ndi mapepala amtundu wokhala ndi matope ndi kusintha komwe kumafanana ndi mtundu wa kulowetsedwa, komwe kumakhala kosavuta ndi mtundu uliwonse wa mowa. Komabe, pali mitundu yambiri ya Oolong, mtundu wa kulowetsedwa kumene sikusintha, kukhala wonyezimira wobiriwira, komanso ena, omwe mosiyana ndiwo, amakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira wa kulowetsedwa, womwe umakhala wochepa poyerekeza ndi mowa.

Zogwiritsira ntchito ma Oolongs

Tiyi ya Chitchaina Oolong, yomwe eni ake amadziwika ndi anyamata enieni a tiyi, ndi othandiza kwambiri pa thanzi. Ali ndi mafuta oyenera, ma khofi ndi kukhalapo kwa mankhwala ambiri othandizira thupi. Ambiri ndi: polyphenol mankhwala ndi mavitamini C, D, E, K, B1, B6, B12, ayodini, calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, iron, zinc, etc. Amathandiza thupi kuteteza matenda ndi zotupa, kulimbikitsa makoma a mitsempha , Kuteteza thrombophlebitis. Teyi ya Oolong imathandiza kumenyana ndi kulemera kwakukulu, kumapangitsa kuti thupi likhale bwino, limachepetsa kupsa mtima ndi kutupa, komanso kumapangitsa kuti mimba ikhale yogwira ntchito. Kuwonjezera apo, ma Oolongs amaposa kuchotsa slag ndi poizoni kuchokera m'thupi, komanso kukhala ndi nthawi yozizira, yotonthoza komanso yomweyo.

Poyesera kuyesa tiyi yapamwamba ya ku China Oolong, kumbukirani kuti kuti mukondweretse bwino, muyenera kuwapatsa maola angapo a nthawi yaulere, kuidya pakudya "zabwino," ndikumwa bwino mu kampani yabwino, yokoma. Sangalalani ndi moyo ndi chidwi chodabwitsa cha tiyi ya Oolong!