Kapangidwe ka mavairasi ndi bungwe lawo

Kapangidwe ka HIV ndi sanali ma, monga iwo alibe organelles iliyonse. Mwachidule, ndi gawo Transitional pakati nkhani akufa ndi amoyo. Mavairasi ankagwidwa Russian wasayansi Di Ivanovo mu 1892 mu ndondomeko ya yofotokoza matenda fodya zithunzi. kapangidwe onse mavairasi - RNA kapena DNA ndi unazunguliridwa mu chipolopolo mapuloteni wotchedwa capsid. Otchedwa virion anapanga particles opatsirana.

Fuluwenza mavairasi kapena nsungu ndi zina envelopu lipoprotein, lomwe likutuluka kuchokera nembanemba cytoplasmic maselo khamu. Mavairasi ndi lophatikizana ndi ubwamunalo linagawanika mu DNA timene kapena RNA munali, chifukwa iwo akhoza kukhala ndi mtundu umodzi wokha wa asidi mkati. Komabe, chiwerengero chachikulu cha mavairasi - ndi RNA munali. genomes awo amene sali-Shackleton ndi iwiri Shackleton. Kapangidwe mkati mwa mavairasi ndikulora iwo kuti achulukane okha maselo a zamoyo zina, ndi china chirichonse. Sanasonyeze ntchito iliyonse extracellular. Miyeso inafalitsidwa mavairasi - 20 mpaka 300 nm awiri.

Kapangidwe ka mavairasi bacteriophages

Mavairasi kuti kupatsira mabakiteriya mkati, wotchedwa bacteriophages (phages). Iwo amatha kudutsa ndi selo bakiteriya ndi kuuononga.

Thupi la bacteriophage wa E. coli ali mutu umene ndodo dzenje, atakulungidwa chivundikiro contractile mapuloteni. Kumapeto kwa ndodo iyi ndi woyambira mbale limene 6 chingwe wotetezedwa. Mkati mutu ndi DNA. Mwa njira yapadera bacteriophage Kachiromboka Ufumuyo thupi la bakiteriya Escherichia coli. Ntchito enzyme wapadera, ndi phage amasungunula selo khoma ndi likulowerera mkati. Kenako, ndodo ku njira ndi kuchepetsa mutu jetted DNA, ndipo mkati mphindi 15 bacteriophage kwathunthu sudzasiyidwa kuima kagayidwe motalika maselo mabakiteriya pa adalakalaka njira. Bakiteriya salinso lithe DNA - Panopa synthesizes ndi asidi mkati mwa HIV. Zonsezi udzatha chifukwa chakuti pali ena 200-1000 anthu phages ndi mabakiteriya selo waonongeka. bacteriophages onse anawagawa chosakaza ndi kotentha. Yotsirizira osachita kugawanika maselo mabakiteriya ndi chosakaza mawonekedwe m'badwo mu anthu kale kachilombo m'deralo.

matenda tizilombo

Kapangidwe ka HIV ndi umoyo chifukwa cha chakuti iwo akhoza unalipo mu maselo a zamoyo zina. N'zoona selo lililonse, HIV angathe kuyambitsa matenda aakulu. Nthawi zambiri pansi matenda zomera ndi nyama ulimi. matenda amenewa kwambiri kusokoneza chonde mbewu ndipo chifukwa cha imfa zambiri za nyama.

Pali tizilombo zomwe zingachititse matenda osiyanasiyana anthu. Aliyense ali bwino matenda monga nthomba, nsungu, fuluwenza, poliyo, mumps, chikuku, matenda a chikasu ndiyo ndi AIDS. Iwo onse chichokera mavairasi lapansi. Kapangidwe ka kachilombo koyambitsa nthomba si wosiyana kwambiri Kapangidwe ka nsungu HIV, ngati iwo ali gulu lomweli - Herpes Virus, womwenso ngakhale ena mitundu ya mavairasi. Mu nthawi yathu mwachangu kufalitsa immunodeficiency anthu HIV (HIV). M'mene tingagonjetsere, pamene palibe amene akudziwa.