Kiat Mu Xix B.

Chikhulupiriro Manchu mafumu mu lalikulu chopatsidwa ntchito ku Middle Ufumu, kapena China, zinali zochokera "cosmogonic" magwero a boma Chinese, kumene onse padziko China, ndipo kutali ndi dziko lake chabe, ndi mafuta kapena kupitiriza China kaya akudziwa choonadi ichi kapena ayi. Supreme ntchito olemekezeka Chinese - kufotokozera kuti "akunjawo".

Mafumu ku Beijing konse pakati China monga mbali ya dziko wina waukulu. M'malo mwake, dziko lonse amaona kokha ngati chimodzi kapena chimzake "chowonjezera" Ufumu Middle, mwachitsanzo. E. Monga mbali ya "dongosolo Chinese dziko," chilengedwe kunja "pakatikati pa thambo", peripherals ake zofunikira. Ang'onoang'ono China kudzera mwa atsogoleri ake konse kulingalira yekha mu banja la limati ofanana mwayekha. Kiat mu XIX m'ma ....

Popeza Qing Ufumu sakanakhoza kukhala monga maiko ena onse poyamba ndikanakhoza kokha kulibe monga makhwawa wake ndi masamba okhudzidwa. "Akunjawo" Awa amati zofunika m'ndende Chinese ndi "inalamula" mu chikhalidwe Confucius ,, kumasulira ubale "wamkulu" ndi "wamng'ono" Confucius mfundo ya "kwa makolo kupembedza" Choncho anasamutsa mu dera la mgwirizano wa mayiko, ndiponso unansi a mfumu ndi akuru a m'mayiko ena ankalimbikitsidwa yekha ndi Sinocentrism udindo kaya kapena ayi ina tributary ndi mzinda Kumvetsela malire kuti china kapena lakutali kale anasonyeza kumvera kapena china titadziwana Chinese Mafumu.

Apakatikati Ufumu ankaganiza ngati malo okha chikhalidwe, atazunguliridwa ndi "chilombo" mafuko. Mogwirizana ndi "wamng'ono" wa iwowa, ndi ukoma wa yekha chopatsidwa ntchito, ndipo cosmogony wa Ufumu Middle izo mwaumbanda anafuna kumwamba idzalamulira "akunjawo," kuwalowetsa kugonjera ndi "Chabwino abwino" kulanga.

Iye akhapidziwa kuti "m'mayiko osatukuka a zipolowe" anali ndi ntchito imodzi yokha - kuti kulambira ulamuliro wa Chinese Mfumu ya dziko lonse ndi kukhazikitsidwa pang'onopang'ono makhalidwe abwino Confucius. "Akunja" anali akuti kotero "m'munsimu" Ufumu Middle kuti mfumu sanathe kulimbana ndi anthu onse ndi ofanana, koma kuwalanga monga nzika, "aiwala mfundo za kwa makolo achifundo." Kufika kwa akazembe awo Beijing ankaona ngati kugonjera akuti, chilakolako "kuti agwirizane chitukuko" ndi kuzindikira udindo wake monga tributary a. Kupereka investiture priehavshimpravitelyam kuti "chifundo" ndi "chifundo" kwa mfumu kwa "akunjawo".

Kiat mu XIX atumwi.