Kodi IQ yachibadwa ya munthu ndi chiyani?

Ambiri a ife tamva za kuyesedwa kwa IQ, zomwe zimasonyeza kukula kwa luntha la munthu. Komabe, pafupifupi chilichonse chimadziwika ponena za iye. Musanayambe mayesero, muyenera kudziwa chomwe IQ chiyenera kukhala kwa munthu wamba.

Zambiri zadzidzidzi

Chidule cha IQ chimaimira intelligence quotient, omwe angamasulidwe ngati "kuchuluka kwa nzeru". M'zinenero zachilankhulo cha Chirasha, mawu otchulidwa "coefficient of intelligence" amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Komabe, akukhulupilira kuti kuti zotsatira zikhale zenizeni, ndipo zitha kudalirika, ziyenera kuwerengera osati zotsatira za mayeso omwe. Ndikofunikira kulingalira zinthu monga zaka ndi chikhalidwe.

Ambiri amakhulupiliranso kuti zotsatira za mayeserowa amasonyeza momwe munthu amafunira pa ntchito inayake, osati maluso enieni. Choncho, mukhoza kukonzekera, kuthetsa mavuto omwe akufanana ndi omwe akugwira ntchitoyi.

Mbiri

Kuyesa kuphunzira IQ ya munthu wamba kumayambira kumbuyo kwa zaka za m'ma 1930. Ochita kafukufuku ayesa njira zosiyanasiyana kuti azindikire zinthu zamagetsi pogwiritsa ntchito mayesero osiyanasiyana. Asayansi akhala akuyesetsa kupeza nthawi zonse zomwe zingagwirizanitse njira za pakatikati zamanjenje, maonekedwe a malingaliro ndi malingaliro, kulingalira ngakhale kukula ndi kulemera kwa ubongo. Kuphatikiza apo, adaphunzira kuyanjana kwa chiwerengero cha anzeru ndi ana, chiyanjano ndi chikhalidwe, zaka, ndi zina zotero.

Mayeso a IQ lero

Pakalipano, akuonedwa kuti coefficient of mind intelligence zimadalira zifukwa zambiri, makamaka pa umoyo. Komabe, msinkhu wa IQ wa munthu wamba ukhoza kuwonjezeka mwa kuthetsa ntchito ndi mayesero osiyanasiyana. Kuwonjezera apo, mu dziko lamakono, osati nzeru zochuluka kwambiri ndizo chitsimikizo cha kupambana, molimbikitsanso komanso kupirira. Umodzi, chikhumbo ndi chilakolako chimathandizanso. Komabe, ndipamwamba nzeru zapamwamba zomwe zingathandize kuthetsa zovuta pamoyo ndikuthandizira pazinthu zabwino.

Ngakhale kuti mayesero oyambirira adalengedwa ndi machitidwe olimbitsa thupi, lero amagwiritsa ntchito ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Zina mwazo ndi zochitika pa nkhaniyi, zowonjezereka, zomwe zimatha kupeza chiwerengero chosowapo, chidziwitso chodziwika bwino, kujambula zenizeni, zojambulajambula ndi kuzindikira kalata yomwe ikusowa.

Ndiyi IQ yambiri ya munthu wamba

Ambiri a luntha la munthu amasiyanasiyana kuyambira pa 100 mpaka 120, omwe ali pafupi theka la mavuto omwe amakonzedwa bwino. Munthu amene amakumana ndi ntchito zonse amapeza mfundo 200. Kuphatikiza pa msinkhu wa nzeru, mayeserowa amachititsa zizindikiro zina, zimathandiza kuzindikira njira ya kuganizira za munthu amene akudutsa. Podziwa gulu lomwe nkhaniyi ili ndiling'ono kwambiri, mungathe kumuthandiza kuzindikira ziphuphu muzochita zake, kuphunzitsa ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana ndikukweza nzeru.

Mayeso oyambirira

Kwa nthawi yoyamba za coefficient of intelligence, V. Stern anayamba kulankhula, amene ankawona kuti kuthekera kwa luso la Binet silolakwika, popeza anali ndi vuto lalikulu la msinkhu. Wasayansi akufuna kulingalira maluso a munthu, kugawira msinkhu waumalingaliro mu nthawi yake. IQ yesewero la munthu wamba limasonyeza kuchuluka kwa luso la munthu poyerekeza ndi woimira wamkulu wa msinkhu womwewo.

Avereji

Mwachilungamo amakhulupirira kuti kuyesa kwa IQ sikuwonetsa mlingo wa erudition, koma chiwerengero cha zizindikiro zonse. Zapangidwe makamaka kuti zitha kugawidwa zotsatira. IQ ya munthu wamba akhoza kusiyana, koma pali zizindikiro zowonjezera. Choncho, pafupi theka la anthu amene adayesedwapo amasonyeza zotsatira zogwirizana ndi mfundo 90 mpaka 100, kotala - pansi pa 90, ndipo gawo lina - pamwamba pa magulu 110. Ambiri mwa omaliza maphunziro a mayunivesiti ya America ndi 115 mfundo, zizindikiro - kuyambira 135 mpaka 140. Mng'oma wa IQ, womwe uli ndi zaka zosachepera makumi asanu ndi awiri, umakhala ngati chizindikiro cha kutaya maganizo.

Kutsiliza

IQ test ikuwonetsa mlingo wa chitukuko cha maluso a munthu , koma wina sayenera kulingalira kuti mwanjira ina akuwonetsera mlingo wa erudition. Zimangothandiza kumvetsetsa kuti ndi dera liti komanso kuti ndi chikhalidwe chiti chimene munthu akufunikira kuti akule.

Zimakhulupirira kuti mlingo wa IQ wa munthu wabwinobwino umasiyana pakati pa 90 ndi 120 magulu ochiritsira. Kawirikawiri, yesero la Eysenck limagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti lizindikire luntha. Komabe, musaiwale kuti zolondola ndizo zotsatira zomwe zapezeka pamayesero oyambirira, ndipo kuyesayesa konseku kungowasokoneza.