Kodi kukhazikitsa sefa bwino?

Pamene zimbudzi mu dziko nyumba ndi zolimbitsa kuvomerezedwa mankhwala. Popeza kuti nkhaniyo zachilengedwe akadali zogwirizana, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kuchotsa kwa madzi Popanda kuchitapo kanthu mu nthaka ndikoletsedwa. Pa nkhani imeneyi, kuwonjezera kachitidwe madzi mankhwala ayenera kupeza ntchito yomanga ndi kusefera mobisa m'nyumba wakunja kwatawuni.

Kwa oyang'anira tauni madzi ogwiritsidwa ntchito mankhwala akasinja septic ntchito, amene anaika pambuyo sefa bwino. kukhwimitsa alembedwa mu malamulo a ukhondo alipo. Bwino ndi iwo, inu kudziwa kuti ndi zofunika kuti kuli minda mobisa kusefera, mchenga ndi miyala Zosefera ndi fyuluta kunkhondo. Chisankho kudzadalira nyumba ya:

• kuya a pansi pa;
• mtundu wa dothi;
• kupezeka aquifers ndi zinthu zina.

Pakuti kwachilengedwenso mankhwala madzi ogwiritsidwa ntchito lero ambiri ntchito zitsime kusefera.

mafotokozedwe

Zosefera bwino - nyumba ino, monga cholinga chachikulu cha zimene amachita monga kwachilengedwenso madzi zinyalala banja mu dongosolo m'dera zimbudzi. chithandizo maofesi amenewa umachitika pamene pali sizikanatheka kuti mupewe ndi zimbudzi mu nkhokwe mwa dongosolo ngalande. Zikatero, nyumba atachotsedwa kuchokera mu thupi la madzi kapena gawo losiyana osakwanira kukondera. Pa nkhani imeneyi m'pofunika zimatulutsa zimbudzi mu nthaka.

Kusefera ndi wodziimira maofesi bwino ngalande kapena zikutanthauza kuyeretsa zimbudzi. Mbali yoyamba, chitsime ili ku malo, ngati kuchuluka kwa madzi zinyalala si kuposa wina mita kiyubiki patsiku. Nkhani yachiwiri ikukhudza ntchito zitsime za mayeretsedwe a zimbudzi isanafike zimatulutsa mu nthaka.

Features fyuluta zitsime

Sefa zitsime ntchito kuyeretsa madzi zinyalala pamene kumwa madzi patsiku ndi zosakwana 50 cm ^3. Zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti nyumba ayenera akomere zosaposa anthu 3. Pankhani mchenga loam, mlingo wa bwino m'dera nthaka ili ndi 1.5 mamita ^2. Monga nthaka mchenga, chizindikiro ichi ndi 1 mita ^2. Pamene madzi ndi zosakwana 1 mita ^3, ndiye kukhazikitsa umodzi bwino kungakhale kwa anthu 5, kukula kwake ayenera kukhala wolingana ndi 2 m ² mchenga loam ndi 1.5 mamita ² - chifukwa mchenga.

Kodi pali bwino

Musanayambe kumanga sefa bwino, muyenera deta pansi. Wells akhoza anakonza okha dothi iwo amene ali abwino kwa cholinga ichi. Izi pazikhalanso:

• dothi la mchenga;
• peat;
• mchenga loam ndi okhutira ka particles dothi.

Ngati tikulankhula loams ndi clays, omwe koyefishienti otsika kusefera, ndiye kwabasi iwo mu zitsime ndi tanthauzo, chifukwa malo kusefera sungathe kugwira ntchito bwino pa zinthu izi. Ikani zitsime zosavomerezeka mankhwala zamoyo miyala zikukhudza, ichi ndi chifukwa kusefera wa madzi pa izi zimachokeradi.

Popeza bungwe runoff madzi kulowa ngakhale kumwa madzi. M'madera nthaka imene isiyana katundu zazing'ono kusefera, ntchito njira zina za mayeretsedwe a zimbudzi.

nthaka bwanji ndi bwino kusefera m'deralo. Kusefera malo, mwa zina, amasankha kukhala moyo wa bwino, kutumikira bwino sefa sangapezekenso, ngati m'dera zosefera adzakhala ndithu. Seepage mbuna thanki septic akhoza efficiently ntchito pokhapokha ngati bwino kugwira ntchito onse, anapatsidwa akuya a pansi pa. mlingo ayenera kukhala m'munsimu pansi pa kutseka 0.5 m.

Base dongosolo ngalande ayenera udzakhazikitsidwe pamwamba mlingo pansi pa 1 mita. Ngati m'dera pansi madzi ili si mkulu, sikutheka kukhazikitsa bwino. Nkofunika kukumbukira zambiri za kuya yozizira koopsa. Kusefera bwino ndi manja awo anapereka m'munsimu mlingo wa yozizira koopsa nthaka, malinga ndi nyengo. Mwachitsanzo, chapakati Russia chizindikiro ichi ndi 1.3 mamita kuchokera pamwamba pansi.

Kupanga zitsime pulasitiki

Ngati simungathe kugula sefa bwino a pulasitiki, izo zikhoza kuchitidwa paokha. Chifukwa chaichi chofunika awiri corrugated chitoliro, otsiriza omwe mwina wofanana 925 mm. Chitoliro kudulidwa kutalika anakhumba, amene adzakhala pamwamba pa chitsime. Kapangidwe ka mabowo inabala, ndipo kumalo kumene mungagwiritse ntchito chitoliro ndi cuffs mphira.

Ngati ndi kotheka, matabwa losindikizidwa ndi phula utomoni wonunkhira. Pambuyo unsembe wa totere bwino pansi aikidwa lokonzekera, ndi kulumikiza mapaipi, komanso mpope, ngati n'koyenera. voids pakati pa makoma a bwino ndi kudzazika ndi miyala, waikidwa pa zimaswa pamwamba.

Atakhala pansi m'dera pachitsimepo

Ngati mukuganizira nkhani ya mmene kukhazikitsa sefa bwino, mungathe timudziwe bwino pafupi ndi nyumba m'dera pansi, zomwe kuchita zinthu monga zofunikira:

• khoma;
• alipo;
• pansi fyuluta.

Yotsirizira ndi kudzazidwa chomenyedwa, sinter slag, miyala ndi makombo njerwa. M'mimba mwake wa tuzigawo twa a zinthuzi akhoza zimasiyana ndi mamilimita 10 70. kudzazidwa Izi zachitika kutalika kwa 1 m. The madzi bwino oyera kuchokera particles inaimitsidwa adzagwa kudzera chitoliro wa thanki septic. Choncho, chubu ayenera pabwino pamwamba sefa pamwamba. Mtunda Izi ambiri wofanana 0.2 m. malo ndege adzagwa kumtunda sefa, kukulunga antiseptified khumudwitsidwa, umene kugawa zimbudzi mu bwino. Izi muyeso kumatha kukokoloka kwa backfill.

khoma dzenje

Nthawi zambiri, eni chuma wakunja kwatawuni weniweni akudabwa za mmene bwino kwabasi sefa bwino. Makoma ake akhale wa:

• akale migolo;
• mphete konkire;
• makhalidwe;
• olimba dongo njerwa.

chidwi ziperekedwe chakuti mpanda wa mabowo adzakhala pano. Iwo ayenera kusiya kapena nkhonya. Iwo ayenera anagawira pa msinkhu wa sefa monga uniformly ngati nkotheka. Umagwira iwo m'njira movutikira, ndipo awiri awo lingayambire pakukhala masentimita 4 mpaka 6. Kukula mipata sayenera upambana 10% ya padziko khoma. Mpanda wa bwino kuchokera kunja ayenera lembani zinthu zomwe ntchito atagona pansi pa fyuluta. Kutalika bedi ayenera kukhala wolingana ndi kusintha fyuluta, pamene makulidwe ndi ambiri pakati pa 30 ndi 50 cm.

Mpweya wabwino ndipo alipo

Sefa bwino ndi septic thanki ayenera zokuzira ndi chitoliro potulukira. Iwo lili ndi matabwa a yoyenga. The kumtunda kwa chitoliro inali pamwamba pa nthaka masentimita 70. Nkofunika kupereka chiwalo vane.

The awiri mulingo woyenera kwambiri chubu -. 10 cm Ngati zake malo, vuto zingathe kuthetsedwa ndi masking mchitidwe mipesa. The alipo chiperekedwe zimaswa amene awiri ndi 70 cm. Monga makamaka kuoneka chimakwirira awiri. Mmodzi wa iwo ndi chotengera, pamene lachiwiri - weighting, zikukhala m'munsimu kutero. Pakati pa chivindikiro ukhalebe mtunda wodzala ndi kutchinjiriza zina monga matumba perlite ndi mchenga kapena mchere ubweya.

ayamikira katswiri

Today fyuluta zitsime sindipeza awiri woposa 2 m. Kuya awo ndi zambiri 3 mamita kapena zochepa. Ngati m'dera la yoyenga ndi mkulu, ndiye gawo ayenera kukhazikitsidwa ochepa zitsime yaing'ono. Kufunika ikutuluka bwino m'dera woposa 4 mamita ^2, chifukwa buku la madzi ogwiritsidwa ntchito kungakhale kokwanira. Nkofunika kuwachotsa gwero kupezeka kwa madzi akumwa 30 mamita kapena kuposa.

Mchikhalidwe ndi Malamulo oti

Seepage dzenje slate akhoza kuthamanga paokha. Chifukwa chaichi, mapepala akhoza anagwirizana ndi njira, mu zojambula Pre inabala mabowo, magawo awo tafotokozazi. Pansi pa maofesi ayenera kuika wosanjikiza potsegula granular mwa madzi zidzachoka. Makoma a bwino akhoza zoika njerwa lalikulu kapena mwala achilengedwe. Nkofunika kusiya nthawi yomweyo mipata sayansi kapena kubowola mabowo mu chotsirizidwa.

Features yozungulira zitsime

Chabwino sefa phirilo lero amakonda kutchuka kwambiri pakati ogula. Zikhale za pulasitiki ndipo mwina ndi kutalika kwa 2.5 m. Kapangidwe conical chimathandiza kukhazikitsa madongosolo otero mu dothi zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo distending dongo. The kumtunda kwa kapangidwe ali ndi awiri a 600 mm, koma pansipa mtengo lino 1000 mm.

dongosolo aziwapatsa chitsulo chosungunula kapena polima-zimaswa pansi slab si chofunika. Maziko a thupi corrugated chitoliro ndi kugwirizana chitoliro ikuchitika pa malo. khosi akulowa thupi bwino nthawi kupanga. Chivundikiro pamwamba adzayang'ana kwambiri pa malo oyenda ndi kapinga. Chabwino conical perforated kusefera akhoza kukhala kumanga awiri mipanda ndi lotseguka pamwamba. Dzenje mpanda wa bwino, pamene mmunsi lotsegula, ndipo pa mbali chapamwamba, mungagwiritse ntchito zimaswa aliyense muyeso mmene amafunira. Zoterezi ndi angathe kutumikira anthu 10 kunyumba. ubwino ikhale ngati nyumba ofanana:

• wochepa thupi poyerekeza ndi nyumba konkire;
• pakalibe mpweya poizoni nthaka;
• moyo utumiki yaitali mpaka zaka 50.

Chabwino wosavuta kukhazikitsa nokha.

Pomaliza

Kuti ayeretsedwe chinthu komanso kusefera kupirira ntchito anatumizidwa kwa icho, ayenera pabwino pa gawo kumene pansi m'munsimu mlingo umene zosefera pansi pa khushoni wa mwala wosweka. Mtunda pansi madzi mayeretsedwe chinthu afike 0.5 m. The gawo lapansi ayenera kuuka bwino pamwamba pansi pa 1 mita.

Ngati pa dera la tebulo madzi ndi mkulu mokwanira, ndiye yomanga sefa tikulimbikitsidwa kuti amusiyitse bwino. Nkofunika ikani zinthu dongosolo kuchimbudzi ndi zambiri m'munsimu mlingo wa yozizira koopsa nthaka. Pankhani chapakati Russia, mtengo uwu pakati pa 1.3 ndi 1.4 m.

Pamene chipangizo anafotokoza nyumba ndi zofunika kwambiri kusunga malangizo ndi zipangizo zamakono, chifukwa mukatero kapangidwe silingayende bwino. Uyu adzachititsa ndi ngoziyo zachilengedwe. Gwero la madzi akumwa angakhalire oipa.