Kodi nyengo mbalameyi? Zosangalatsa za seagulls ndi

Mbalame mbalameyi - mmodzi wa mbalame ambiri za m'nyanja. Osiyanasiyana mbalame ndi anamwazikana ku ngodya zonse za dziko, kuchokera kozizira ndi Antarctic mapeto, koma ochepa a iwo m'mayiko otentha. Ambiri amadzifunsa pamene nyengo mbalameyi. Yankho ndi losavuta: mbalame zimenezi zosavuta kuti azolowere malo aliwonse, choncho hibernation chifukwa si zoopsa.

Chinthu chidwi kwambiri za seagulls

Mu Russia mungapeze mitundu yoposa 20 ya mbalame za mtundu wa gulls. osiyanasiyana awo ndi lonse zokwanira: izi zikuphatikiza gawo European la Russia, ambiri a kutali uko kum'mawa ndi Siberia.

Mbalame - amakwera ndege kwambiri, amatha kugwiritsa kwa nthawi yaitali mu mlengalenga, ndiye kufulumiza, ndiye liwiro kuthawa, kupanga amasiya mwadzidzidzi, katswiri akutembenukira pachimake. Komanso, iwo mwamsanga kuthamanga, kusambira ndipo ngakhale kuyenda pansi pa madzi mu madzi.

Gulls chisa zigwa ndi ovuta pafupi matupi madzi. Ena mwa iwo paruyutsya, koma nthawi zambiri amakhala chambiri seagulls. mbalame kukaikira mazira kusintha ngati kawirikawiri, koma chifukwa kusintha mu nyengo.

Kawiri pa chaka, gulls molt. Pamafunika malo m'dzinja - ndi molt wathunthu, komanso pambuyo pa mapeto a yozizira - chosakwanira.

wintering gulls

gulls kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira mu Black ndi Caspian Pacific, chimachoka mbali ya North Sea kapena Mediterranean, komanso m'mayiko African, Japan, China. Ambiri Tingaone m'nyengo yozizira m'mizinda ikuluikulu, chifukwa pali mwayi kukhala moyo. Mbalame zimenezi si mantha anthu, nthawi zambiri kupempha nyenyeswa mkate, ndi kupeza chakudya chawo mu zinyalala lotayako mu dziko.

Posachedwapa, seagulls akhala lalikulu "miimba" m'nyengo yozizira, ndi mpikisano kwambiri akhwangwala akukhala mu madera a zinyalala mafakitale ndi ogula.

Gulls mu malo mafakitale Russia ikukula. Iwo ndikhala kuno kwa dzinja, n'zosavuta kuti azolowere mbali za m'mizinda, kuyesera kuti azolowere zinthu amoyo, kusintha kwa kukopa anthu.

Gulls mu zigawo Russian

Anthu ambiri amadabwa kumene gulls yozizira ku Magadan. Gulls m'dera limeneli kwa nthawi yaitali sasintha malo awo okhala, kukaikira mazira pa madenga a nyumba mkulu-nyamuka. Ndipo kuyambira mbalame izi inextricably zogwirizana nyanja, ndiye iwo nthawi zambiri amapezeka pa gombe la nyanja ya Okhotsk. Akuluakulu a mbalame ikuchitika mu ayezi pansi Madamu Magadan dera lonse yozizira.

Volga gulls kuti zikhale za yozizira, anali m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Places kumene wintering gulls Volga, ndithu kwambiri. Amagwiritsa ntchito m'madera omwe si yozizira koopsa wa pambuyo pake zomera hydropower, matenthedwe zomera mphamvu runoff madzi. Ndipo gulls yozizira anakopeka Volga madamu.

The zomera za Urals ali mitundu yambiri ya gulls. Nthawi zambiri, mbalame kuti izi zikhoza kupezeka m'dera Titafika pamalo. Kodi yozizira gulls mu Urals? M'mphepete mwa mtsinje ob pang'ono pa mtsinje Irtish kwambiri zofala anthu monga lakuda gull sizaya kakang'ono ndipo kawirikawiri angathetsedwe miyendo wamba ndi terns (wakuda, Dall kapena zing'onozing'ono).

Kusamuka kwa gulls

Pamaso pa isanayambike nyengo yozizira, gulls ambiri amasamukira kum'mwera. Ambiri mwa gulls kukhala ndi kuyenda broody. Iwo zouluka ku Siberia ndi kumpoto kwa Ulaya ndi India ndi maiko African. Iwo mosatopa ndi Sabine a gulls, pandege kwa yozizira ku Titafika pamalo m'mayiko akum'mwera kwa Africa ndi America.

Mbalame zimauluka yozizira ndi isanayambike chisanu choyamba. malo otentha pamene nyengo mbalameyi kwambiri. Komabe, mbalame kwambiri zikukhazikitsa mu Europe ndi ku Asia kum'mwera chakumadzulo ndi Pacific Islands.

Choona chidwi ndi kum'mwera Kodi kuuluka mitundu yonse ya mbalame. Mwachitsanzo, pinki mbalameyi, malo amene - Greenland ndi Siberia ndi zimachokera kwa nyengo yozizira pa gombe la nyanja ya Arctic. Ndiko kumene kwambiri si anaphimba ndi malo ayezi pamene nyengo mbalameyi kudya nkhanu zam'nyanja ndi nsomba zina zing'onozing'ono.

Mew gull malo chikuyamba ndi Kola Peninsula ndi malire kumadzulo kwa Chukotka, koma kumbali yakum'mwera umalandira ya Caspian. Mozungulira November mtundu uwu wa mbalame amasamukira ku Mediterranean, ndipo ena gulls glaucous kusamalira popita ku Perisiya (Arabia) Gulf, limene lili pakati Iran ndi Arabiya.

Mu Russia ambiri hering'i gulls, kusiyana ndi chachikulu ndi yaikulu chikasu mulomo. Nest mbalame chilombo pa gombe Russian ya Arctic, Siberia ndi gawo la nyanja Caspian. Yozizira mbalameyi siliva zimachokera kwa nyanja ya kum'mwera. Mu Russia nthawi zambiri gombe la Black ndi Azov nyanja ndi kunja kwa dziko - Mediterranean.

Little mbalameyi ndi nthenga woyera, wotchedwa - woyera gull, ndi isanayambike nyengo yozizira kapena asachoke, kapena chililaka pa mtunda waufupi (pazipita kutalika kwa makilomita osapitirira chikwi).

mabusa Gull

Mbalame zimenezi, ngati seagulls, ndi wosiyana kwambiri ndi mbalame zina: yotentha kwambiri, kukwera mkulu mu mlengalenga, akuyandama mu madzi, kuthamanga kudya, adye mpweya, kufunafuna pickings pa mtunda ndi madzi. Iwo waterbirds, koma zisa ambiri pa madenga a nyumba, kuphatikizapo m'dera Moscow.

Kwambiri Moscow gulls mew. Izi mbalame lalikulu chisa malo amene kufikako zolusa. Nthawi zambiri izi m'dera ntchito ndi nyanja. Iwo umakhala pa wamba minda gull Lublin ndi mfundo zina za likulu. Ndipo pamene gulls yozizira ku Moscow ndi m'madera a mitsinje m'tawuni kuti musati amaundana m'nyengo yozizira.

Chotero anthu monga gull nyanja, amapezeka pafupifupi mbali zonse za mudzi, kumene kuli madzi. Komabe, mbalame chisa pamwamba minda yonse Lublin, komanso Mnevnikovskoy floodplain, mu m'madambo mu Dolgoprudny ntchito Krylatskoye ndi m'mphepete mwa mtsinje wa Navershki. Mu malo awa, pamene yozizira gulls mabusa, ambiri ayezi madzi. Zingapo awiriawiri gulls-wakuda m'nyengo yozizira pa mitsinje mizinda si ataphimbidwa ndi ayezi.

wamba gull

Mtundu mtsinje gulls m'nyengo yozizira akufanana ndi njiwa nyanja. Phunzirani gulls zotheka chifukwa chakuti ali ndi pang'ono wamfupi khosi ndi mbalame. M'madera yozizira mtsinje gulls, ayenera kukhala sanali yozizira koopsa madzi.

Nthawi zambiri, wakuda walunjika gulls chisa kwa dzinja m'mphepete mwa nyanja, makamaka Mediterranean, Caspian ndipo, ndithudi, Nyanja Black, komanso pa Pacific gombe mu nyanja ya Indian Ocean ndi kuzilumba za Japan. Posachedwapa, fluvial malo gull mu nthawi yozizira imakula. Angapezeke kutali Palearctic. Mu North America, mtsinje gull nyengo mu eastern'll kusunga.

Choncho, wintering nyemba (mtsinje) gull - deltas a m'mitsinje ikuluikulu ndi beregoviny nyanja.

Terns - achibale a gulls

Chotero anthu mbalame ali ndi mtundu yowala. Tern n'chochepa kwambiri ndi gulls sleeker. Mbalame moyo pafupi matupi a madzi ndi malire nyanja, koma yozizira gombe la Antarctica. Ku malo a wintering terns kuwuluka kugombe la Europe ndi ku Asia, nyanja ya Atlantic, kuchita pa maulendo yemweyo mu makumi a zikwi makilomita.

Main wintering gulls pa dera la Russia

Chiyambireni cha 80s Mu zaka zapitazo chiwerengero cha madongosolo a mbalame gulls wintering m'mizinda chawonjezeka kwambiri. Permanent mlandu wa mmene mbalame wintering gulls ambiri ndi kumene Komabe, mabungwe malo kuyan'anila malo kukaikira mazira a mbalame m'nyengo yozizira. Mwachitsanzo, okonda mbalame tatsimikiza kuti likulu la za 460 wintering gulls, amene akufunafuna malo pafupi Moskva Mtsinje. Malinga Ryazan Environmental Center, pamodzi Oka mtsinje yozizira gulls chisa 100, ndipo angapezeke pafupi ikukhudzana magetsi.

m'madera dziko limene nyengo gull, abwino kwambiri kuti anthu akhalemo. Malo yabwino kwambiri kukaikira mazira gulls m'nyengo yozizira - ndi Sochi Black Sea gombe, ndi nyanja mu Tuapse ndi Gelendzhik. Apa ndi pamene kwambiri wa madzi si yozizira koopsa la nyanja ndipo zambiri mitsinje ndi makhwawa ambiri amene salola amaundana.

dazeni gulls angapo ndinawona mu dera Volgograd. Kenako m'nyengo yozizira pa mtsinje Kamyshinke.

Kuzipenya ecologists kutsimikizira kuti seagulls ndi chaka ndi chaka kwambiri kukumbatirana madera atsopano a dziko pafupi madzi kuzizira m'nyengo yozizira. Chibwenzi chithunzi cha mbalame wintering gulls detachment m'mizinda Russian si bwino kwathunthu. deta onse anasonkhana ndi akatswiri pa particles kulenga chithunzi thunzi chokwanira cha kumene wintering gulls.