Komsomolsk pa-Amur: anthu, nyengo, malo, zokopa, tchuti

Pa limodzi la malire kumalekezero a Russia, pafupi pakati pa nayonso ofunika lodziwika bwino Komsomolsk pa-Amur. Chiwerengero cha mnyamata uyu mzinda ambiri ana a iwo amene ali 30s kovuta mwaufulu anafika ku chosadzikacho untapped dera, kumanga pano zimphona mafakitale ndipo potero kulimbitsa mphamvu ya kwawo. About Komsomolsk pa-Amur lemba zabwino ndi zoyipa, ndipo mzindawo, azungu kupitiriza kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino. Pali anthu kugwa m'chikondi ndi kulenga banja, komabe anabadwa ana, ndi kupitiriza mokhulupirika kusungabe chikumbukiro cha Komsomol - apainiya. Mwatsoka, izo amagonjetsa mavuto ambiri kamodzi wina wa m'madera wotchuka kwambiri mu dziko Komsomolsk pa-Amur. Chiwerengero cha mzindawo mwa likunena ikuchepa. Wina anasamukira kum'mwera, wina mu mzinda wa Russia. Koma pali zambiri, ndi amene pulogalamu resettlement ati asamukire kuno ku moyo. Nkhani yathu amapereka zambiri za ubwino onse ndi kuipa kwa Komsomolsk pa-Amur.

mabuku a mbiri yakale

Far East kwakhala kulibe populata. Pa chitukuko cha dera limeneli m'ma XIX pano mwaufulu-mokakamiza anatumiza kwa anthu. Choncho, 1860 mkulu wa P.A.Kazakevicha, bwanamkubwa wakale wa chigawo Amur, kumidzi nayonso m'mphepete anatumiza anthu ochokera m'chigawo Perm. Anayambitsa m'mudzi wina waung'ono wotchedwa pambuyo kwawo Perm pa-Amur. Sitinatenga iwo kwa ndalama boma, m'manja mafungulo ku cabins latsopano chipika 60 rubles kwa nthawi yoyamba. Ndi 30 TH zaka za m'ma makumi awiri pamudzi anali kale 47 nyumba zabwino kwambiri. moyo wawo chete zinasinthiratu mu 1932, pamene boma la Soviet abverana kuti amange mafakitale pano. Perm abverana kuti amange ndi doko la zombo zapanyanja ndi oyandikana msasa Dzemgi - Aviation. Kumvetsera Kukwezeleza yogwira, olambira akhamukira malingaliro pano Komsomol Communist, chikondi, adventurers chabe. Zikomo kuti anthu awa tsopano, timasangalala mzinda wokongola wa Komsomolsk pa-Amur. Khabarovsk Gawo, anapanga limodzi mwa madera zofunika kwambiri mafakitale dziko. Kale mu May 1932 ku Khabarovsk phindu 6776 Komsomol anthu, kuphatikizapo asungwana anthu 30 okha! Pamaso Perm iwo pamodzi Amur anatengedwa pa mabwalo atatu. Pa kutsogolo anali Sitima "Comintern", iye anakoka Bwato "Clara Zetkin" ndi kutseka anali Sitima "Columbus". Kuti vutoli osauka, ndi womenyera ufulu Valentina Khetagurova, iye anabwera kumanga mzinda Komsomol, iye analemba kalata lotseguka akuyitanira atsikana kupita ku Far East kumanga tsogolo losangalatsa. Ambirimbiri. atsikana awa dzina lake hetagurovkami. Ambiri a iwo anafika m'dera Amur, analenga banja. Mu chilungamo ziyenera anati osati mamembala a Komsomol, koma akaidi anamanga Komsomolsk pa-Amur. Chiwerengero m'masiku oyambirira panali motley ndithu, ankakhalabe ndi ndewu booze. mtawuni ngakhale dzina likulu kuyan'anila za dziko. Koma ayamikike miyeso anatengedwa ndi boma Zinthu ali okhazikika. Mu December 1932, a Komsomolsk pa-Amur anapatsidwa udindo mzinda. Apainiya Olimba Mtima, nakhalira m'mahema pamodzi tinyumba ta matope ndipo m'chipindacho anamangidwa pafupi akuika amakampani mafakitale. Komabe, ndi 40 chaka TH anaonekera m'misewu mzinda ndi njira, anakula nyumba yatsopano, ndi pa malingaliro a polimbana Blucher komwe magulu achinyamata inakhazikitsidwa, zisudzo, zibonga masewera, paki inamangidwa.

mzinda lero

Panopa mzinda wachiwiri kukula wa Khabarovsk Krai ndi Komsomolsk pa-Amur. Population ndi 2016 kalembera, pali 251 283 anthu, limene oposa 87% Russian. Ena dziko predstvleny Yakuts mokhomerera, Nanais, Bashkorts, Chinese, Chitata, Chiyukireniya. Mzindawu uli pamalo kudera la 325 Km ^2, kumanzere mtsinje wa Amur mtsinje kumene mtsinje amadula zitunda Sikhote-Alin ndi Bureya-Badzhalsky. Sikhote-Alin mapiri anazungulira mzindawo a mbali ya kum'mawa, kumpoto ataliatali mapiri Miao Chan, ndi kumadzulo - Badzhalsky unyolo. Pano ku likulu mu molunjika mzere 6067 Km. Mwa njanji mtunda ndi kuchuluka kwa 8679 Km. Phunzitsani "Moscow - Komsomolsk pa-Amur" chililaka masiku 6, ndege - maola oposa 10.

Gawo la mzinda ndithu kwabasi ndi mmaso. Pali amapezeka pang'ono osaya kwambiri kuposa Amur mtsinje - Silink, Galichnaya, Hapsol, The Black Chinsinsi, Horpinskaya kudzera womanga 6 milatho. Pafupi atangochimwa mzinda pali nyanja yaikulu ndi yaing'ono. Pakati pawo sopo, Galichnoe, Rudnikovskoe, Chopra. Pomanga msewu watsopano inamangidwa chitunda kwambiri kuchepetsa kukula ndi Mylok Rudnikovskogo, koma zikuluzikulu osefukira mu 2013 iwo pang'ono. Nthawi zambiri zimabwerera ku Komsomolsk pa-Amur - sankasunga. Chaka chilichonse pa litulukira ndi Cupid anasefukira za 54 Km ² m'dera ndi za yofanana madzi ali mu gawo.

Mu mzinda wa Komsomolsk pa-Amur nthawi poyerekeza ndi Moscow ankatembenukira kwa 7:00. Mu Russia, izo amaimira MSK + 7. Cholinga mgwirizano Universal Time kusiyana ndi maola 10. Derali lili mwachilungamo mkulu seismicity, wolemera avareji mfundo 8 pa Richter lonse. Kenaka utentha mamba mfundo mpaka 5.5 kuoneka pano ndi zonse enviable.

The vuto zigawenga mu mzinda mpaka 2001 kunali kovuta kwambiri. Amawapopa upandu ake bwana Evgeny Vasin (Jem) ndi zigawenga wake kuti umayang'anira malonda lonse ndipo nthawi zambiri anakonza koopsa. Mu 2001, Cem anakwanitsa munazondiwa m'ndende, ndipo anamwalira. Kuyambira pamenepo, Komsomolsk pa-Amur Anakhala munthu wofatsa. Only ena mwa madera ake madzulo pali criminogenic ndewu iliyonse chochitika mtundu, kuba kapena vandalism.

madera

Chidwi utsogoleri magawano ali Komsomolsk pa-Amur. Ma pano amaoneka kenako kutha. Choyamba, panali awiri - chapakati, kuzungulira doko la zombo zapanyanja ndi Dzemgi kapena Lenin - padziko chomera ndege. Mu 1943 Chinawonjezeka Stalin. Mu 1957, chigawo gulu la mzinda kunatha, ndipo mu 1972 kukonzanso kukhazikitsidwa. Tsopano pano, monga kale, pali Lenin ndi Central, ndi awiri ali ngati m'matawuni ang'onoang'ono payekha. Uliwonse pali okhala zingapo ndi zinthu osiyana siyana, kugula ndi mitengo nyumba. Ku Central ndi:

• "Sopo", wapafupi nyanja ya dzina chomwecho, wamangidwa makamaka nyumba gululi ndi gawo payekha.
• "Chochuluka", wapafupi siteshoni ndi pakati.
• "66 kotala", zomangamanga osiyana.
• "Kupalasa" Silinskaya pafupi paki, nyumba makamaka payekha.

Misewu yambiri mu Komsomolsk pa-Amur dzina lake polemekeza chochitika. Choncho, m'chigawo Leninsky ali Pervostroiteley Avenue (mu dziko "Pervak"). Apa, zapamwamba kwambiri komanso chamtengo nyumba mtengo kuchokera 37,000 rubles. pa 1 mita ^2.

Mu Leninsky m'dera zhilmassive "Paris", "Mendeleev" kapena "Area", "gawo lachiwiri." The nyumba pano ali makamaka mkulu-nyamuka, koma palinso ndi gawo payekha.

Amaona kuti kukhala m'dera ambiri ovutika "300", nyumba imodzi-storey ndipo unali ndi Silinskaya Park.

Nyumba mumzinda amakhalabe ndi ochepa kwambiri. Pa mphindi, ndi zovuta zogona "chapakati" ndi nyumba zingapo payekha. Mitengo nyumba mu nyumba yatsopano - 45 000 rubles. pa 1 mita ^2. Ogulitsanso lingathe kukopedwa pa mtengo wa 25 000 rubles. pa 1 mita ^2. Lendi nyumba mosatengera kuti ndalama zofunikira ofunika avareji 10 000 rubles. pamwezi.

zomangamanga

Komsomolsk pa-Amur angatchedwe mwachilungamo anayamba poyerekezera ndi maofesi moyo ndi chikhalidwe mzinda. Pali zambiri masitolo ang'onoang'ono, pali pafupi dazeni amagulako lalikulu - kugula likulu "Samburu", "Amber", "desyatochku", komanso, Boom, katundu ambiri zapaderazi masitolo ana zipangizo zamagetsi. Malinga ndi nzika, katundu yense makamaka China, kuphatikizapo chakudya. Mitengo akhazikika pa gawo kumpoto. zomangamanga kumaphatikizapo mtsinje doko, yakumadzulo / anthu d basi okwerera. Komsomolsk pa-Amur misewu kugwirizana ndi Amur, Khabarovsk, Birobidzhan ndi midzi angapo pafupi. Malinga ndi maganizo a madalaivala, pamwamba msewu ndi opanda ungwiro.

Ana ndi achinyamata mu mzinda umagwira 52 kindergartens mmene muli zonse chipinda, masukulu 59, makoleji 4, masukulu 4 oyamba, 4 luso, 2 mayunivesite, 4 nyimbo sukulu.

zaumoyo, monga anthu, si mokwanira anayamba, ngakhale kuti mzindawu ali pafupi dazeni zipatala, malo asanu thanzi, 3 zipatala umayi, 3 chipatala chaching'ono. Makamaka kupanda akatswiri mu Pediatrics. boma panopa akuthamanga kukopa kwa dera la zachipatala akatswiri yopapatiza mbiri, amapereka ndalama kwa zipangizo zatsopano mankhwala, koma ndi chisamaliro waluso, makamaka milandu yovuta, m'pofunika kupita ku Khabarovsk.

Koma ndi moyo chikhalidwe mu mzinda zonse zabwino. Pali 10 zokhalamo za chikhalidwe, Center kwa Development of Children and Youth Timagalasi masewera kanema, pali lalikulu pakati mafilimu a kanema. Komsomolsk pa-Amur anakhazikitsidwa mu 1932, ndipo chaka kenako anayamba kugwira ntchito pano zamasewero choyamba. Ascension anawatsogolera mkaidi, ndi wosewera kale. Tsopano m'mabwalo 9 ndi chimodzi zisudzo situdiyo.

chidwi linaperekedwa kwa masewera ndi chitukuko achinyamata. Pali masewera 4 sukulu, otsetsereka ski, maiwe angapo kusambira. Chaka chilichonse Komsomolsk pa-Amur Muziyesetsa kupeza mpikisano kumene ophunzira adzasankha zimene mtunda zimayendetsa (pali zingapo zimene mungachite). mzinda uno lakutali anapanga wotchuka skier Julia Chepalova, omwe anakhala katatu Olympic ngwazi, Anastasia Kravchenko (anapambana kawiri pa World Orienteering Championships, weightlifter Igor Nikitin, rower, canoeist Ivan Shtyl ndi akatswiri ena, zavoevashie siliva ndi mkuwa mphoto.

zoyendera

Mu Komsomolsk pa-Amur pali pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya zolankhulirana. Siteshoni linatsegulidwa apa mu 1936, ndipo mu 1961 anamanga ina. Tsopano magalimoto zonyamula ikuchitika mu mzinda wa Sovetskaya Gavan, Khabarovsk ndi Tynda. Phunzitsani "Khabarovsk - Komsomolsk pa-Amur" ndi mtundu dzina ndipo amatchedwa "Youth". mzindawu unali m'mphepete mwa mtsinje zonse loyenda ndi Amur Mtsinje amapereka mwayi zoyendera anthu. Pali mtsinje doko, chomwe ndi nthambi ziwiri yaikulu mu Khabarovsk Gawo. Katundu ili m'chigawo "Mendeleev", ndipo wina, zida ndi berths angapo, - mu mzindawo. Riverport inamangidwa pa kapangidwe choyambirira ndipo ndi imodzi mwa chidwi m'deralo.

22 Km (mwa msewu) kutauni kuli mudzi Khurba, kumene anamanga ndege lalikulu, kutenga ndege ku Khabarovsk, Moscow ndiponso m'madera a Russia. Komanso pali asilikali mpweya m'munsi. Patapita chigumula mu 2013 ndege umagwira ntchito ndi katundu zochepa, kotero anthu ali makamaka wopita ku Khabarovsk.

Popular mwa anthu ntchito siteshoni basi. Komsomolsk pa-Amur ku zomangamanga angapo a nthambi zake. Ku siteshoni basi pa Njira mabasi yaikulu kupita ku Khabarovsk. Kuyambira DK "Mmisiri" - ku midzi ya Berry ndi wakuda Cape. Ku siteshoni basi pa padoko la - mu Amursk, Birobidzhan, Khabarovsk, Pivan ndi Sunny. Kuchokera kumalo okwerera sitima / njanji - mu Lian ndi Hurmuli.

zoyendera Urban ukufanizidwa ndi sitima za (pali 4 zodutsa), mabasi ndi minibuses.

makampani

Mu Soviet Union, opangidwa gawo la mikango makina ankhondo ndi mafakitale ndi zida, zida za nkhondo Komsomolsk pa-Amur. Khabarovsk dera, chifukwa mzinda, ndi mtsogoleri ambiri zizindikiro ntchito. Kukonzanso ndi pano kunathandiza yaikulu mphamvu zoipa za chitukuko cha m'magulu onse, makampani ambiri anayamba kutseka, anthu opanda ntchito ndi kuchotseratu miyoyo yawo. Tsopano pano ukugwirira ntchito ndege ogwira KnAAZ (umabala ndege ya ndege boma ndi asilikali), doko la zombo zapanyanja, fakitale mafuta (fakitale), "Khabarovskkraigas" yosinthira zomera (makamaka amapangidwa zida zofunika kwa asilikali). Kuwonjezera mabizinezi lalikulu mu mzinda, pali Mikate Yapamwamba, nyama, processing nsomba zomera, ovoschebazah ndi ntchito mu mzinda wa nkhuku ndi kuchepetsedwa kutentha ulimi zovuta. Poyamba, pali ntchito zomera zambiri, omwe tsopano kapena adatsekedwa kapena kwambiri yafupika kupangidwa. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zazikulu chifukwa anthu Komsomolsk pa-Amur mu 1992 anatsika ndi pafupifupi 70 000 anthu. Kotero, ife unatha "kupalasa" (ntchito Utumiki wa chitetezo), asidi sulfuric, electromechanical, molokozovod, nkhumba munda ndi fakitale "Amurmetal" mavuto.

Komabe, mlingo ulova mu Komsomolsk pa-Amur kumeneko. Onse amene akufuna kugwira ntchito, amagwira. Malipiro mumzinda zosiyana malingana ndi ntchito ndi ntchito. Pafupifupi ogwira ntchito, madokotala, aphunzitsi ndiponso ogwira ntchito otsika-aluso kupeza pamwezi 16000-18000 rubles, ndipo ogwira ntchito kwambiri luso ndi mkulu mlingo - kuchokera rubles 30,000 mpaka 50,000. malipilo asilikali ndi apamwamba kwambiri mu mwezi watha ranged kuchokera 80,000 rubles. Aliyense amene anakonza yokhala, ndi zabwino phukusi chikhalidwe ndipo pa mitengo wotsikirapo kutenga ankapita ku mamotelo m'deralo ndipo pogwiritsa. Komsomolsk pa-Amur ndi kutali pogwiritsa onse otchuka, matikiti kwa mtundu uliwonse zoyendera kuti mtengo kwambiri, koma antchito ndi zaka ziwiri kuwatenga kulikonse mu dziko kwaulere.

zachilengedwe

Malinga ndi polojekiti zachilengedwe, anthu ovutika kwambiri poyerekezera ndi kuwonongeka kwa malo mu Russia ndi Norilsk, St. Petersburg ndi Moscow. Komsomolsk pa-Amur, malinga masanjidwe, kuphatikizapo midzi 60, amaona wochezeka kwambiri, chifukwa iye sanapeze mu blacklist lapansi. Komabe, ngakhale pano, si zonse zabwino. Umabweretsa fakitale, chifukwa chimene mpweya anthu nthawi zambiri kumva fungo zosasangalatsa kwambiri zoipa kwambiri zinthu zachilengedwe mu mzinda. Komanso vuto lalikulu kwa nzika zonse ndi kuipitsidwa kwambiri ndi Amur Mtsinje. The mtsinje anagwira kukha Popanda kuchitapo kanthu a mabizinezi ambiri, kuphatikizapo nzika za loyandikana China. Chifukwa cha ichi, mu Amur zonse zopezeka woipa okwera mabakiteriya, choncho madzi kupopera mankhwala Mlingo mantha mankhwala. Zikomo zinthu zoterozo mu mzinda, limene madokotala kuitana "zone chiopsezo" chifukwa khansa, pali kwambiri anthu odwala khansa, pafupifupi anthu 400 100 000. Vuto lina la mzinda - moto m'kati ku nkhalango mu kasupe ndi chilimwe.

nyengo

Osati aliyense nyengo yoti Komsomolsk pa-Amur. Nthawi ya chaka kuti anthu akhulupirire kwambiri yabwino - m'dzinja. Chimachititsa miyezi yosakwana 2, September ndi hafu ya October, pamene masiku ali ndi ofunda (+ 13 ° - + 10 ° C), otsika mpweya, zolimbitsa mphepo, udzudzu ndi ntchentche zoluma kumeneko. Zima pano akuyamba kumayambiriro November, kutentha akutsikira kwa - 8 ° - -10 ° C, chisanu, amene wayamba kusungunula mpaka April. Zima miyezi Komsomolsk-na-kwambiri ozizira, kutentha amagwa m'munsimu -30 ° C, zonse pamene kuwomba mphepo yakumpoto yamphamvu ankatha mkuntho wa chisanu. Spring m'dera Amur kumatenga monga autumn, miyezi 1.5 okha. Nature wayamba kudzuka, amene, ndithudi, amasangalala. Koma m'chaka kuyamba othamanga moto m'nkhalango, kuphimba mzinda wa utsi ndi utsi, ndi kubisa chisanu wapanikizika Cupid, chifukwa nthawi zambiri zimabwerera. M'chaka palinso mavuto Komsomolsk pa-Amur. Kutentha nthawi imeneyi kufika kwa + 30 ° C, ndipo nthawi zina + 40 ° C, nthawi zambiri mvula, koma makamaka mavuto ambiri amapereka midges. Komabe, apa palinso zing'onozing'ono chuma. mamembala awo mozizwitsa kusamalira kukula osati tomato, anyezi, Palestina ankalima, ndipo ngakhale mavwende.

Kodi kuona Komsomolsk pa-Amur

Popeza mzinda uwu ndi mwachilungamo wamng'ono, kapena zochitika chidwi mapulani si pano. Inde, ndi alendo komanso si zambiri za izo ndi chifukwa osati kumalo akutali, komanso chakuti Komsomolsk pa-Amur akadali movutikira kulowa. mtawuni wolemera zipilala la anthu lalikulu - Lenin, Kirov, Maresjev Gagarin. Chidwi nthawi zonse zimabweretsa Choyamba Kumathandiza chipilala, chikumbutso cha agwa Wamkulu zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo, chipilala anatenga gawo mu ayezi ndimeyi 1934-35., The chosema "Komsomol mamembala 30s." Atsogoleri kwenikweni kusonyeza alendo "House ndi spire" imene inakhala chizindikiro cha mzinda. nyumba ali watsopano (inamangidwa mu 1956), koma zomangamanga akuyima motsutsa maziko a nyumba ano.

Ambiri amachita chidwi, kuti inu angakhoze kubweza ku Komsomolsk pa-Amur ngati mphatso. Wotchuka kwambiri pakati alendo, slippers m'deralo, nsalu ndi ziwembu wokongola nakonza ndi ubweya sable. Komanso birchbark madengu kufunika, chidole chiguduli, mayiko, Nanai zovala ndi alendo, malonda khungu nsomba (zibangili, kupenta, milandu). Ambiri kunja kwa Komsomolsk pa-Amur caviar, umene uli mu mtengo masitolo ku rubles 1500 pa kg.

malo zosangalatsa Map mu Komsomolsk pa-Amur

Funso lofunika kwambiri kwa aliyense alendo - malo okhala mumzinda sankadziwa. Mu Komsomolsk pa-Amur sakungochokera Russia, komanso Japanese, America, Chinese, Korea. malawi options ochepa. chimodzi

Amaona bwino chapakati hotelo "Kutuluka dzuwa" omwe amapereka zipinda siyana za chuma, muyezo ndi mwanaalirenji. Zina zamakono apamwamba gulu la hotelo ndi "City", "Pitani" ndi "Amur". Iwo akupereka muyezo zipinda, chitonthozo ndi apamwamba. Mitengo zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira rubles 1,900 kuti 4,500 pa usiku kuphatikiza chakudya cham'mawa. Alendo ambiri kusankha Map ang'onoang'ono mu Komsomolsk pa-Amur, kumene mtengo pa chipinda anapereka kwa rubles 450 patsiku, ndi mlingo utumiki ndi mkulu mokwanira. Izi "Lyudmila" pa Gagarin msewu, "atatu-97" kuti Sevastopol, "Nyengo" pa Garage msewu.

Chilengedwe nayonso, phiri mapiri ndi nyanja buluu ili Komsomolsk pa-Amur. Masulani mu malo awa okongola nthawi zonse odzazidwa ndi zidindo yowala. Anapitiriza kutchuka analitu anatsegula mu 2002 ski achisangalalo "Almir", yomwe ili m'mphepete mwa phiri pafupi ndi ducts Shargol. Apa nyumba zamakono ndi maofesi payekha, podyera, anthunzi otulutsirako thukuta, wokonzeka mangalnye malo, pali 2 otsetsereka, kudumpha chifukwa snowboarders atsika. China chachikulu ski achisangalalo "Amut Snou Leyk" ili pafupi ndi mudzi pa phiri pamwamba pa phiri. Pali kukongola kuti mpweya. Pa m'munsi pali otsetsereka ski, mahotela, zing'onozing'ono, cafe, chodyera, kusamba. Masulani mu chikhalidwe, kuti tipeze mphamvu ndi nthawi yocheza ndi thanzi labwino kungakhale pamsasa "malo obisalamo Mishkin a", "Neptune", "Spring", "Shargol".