Ladoga Ngalande dzulo ndi lero

Imodzi mwa nyumba zikuluzikulu, amene anakakamizika Russia kuti Tsar Peter Choyamba, ndi Ladoga Ngalande. Panthawiyo, iye anachita mbali yaikulu mu chitukuko cha boma, kuonetsetsa vuto lililonse malonda ndi Europe osati. zaka mazana awiri pa njira anapita zombo katundu. Lero ndi malo okhala Leningrad Region mukufuna kuti asangalale ndi nsomba. Ambiri a iwo ndi m'munda CHT "19 Km Ladoga Ngalande."

mudziwe malo osiyanasiyana

Ndani wa ku Russia sindikudziwa lodziwika bwino Nyanja Ladoga? Ndipotu, anali yopulumutsa moyo mlatho zikwi Leningrad pa anatseka misewu ya. Ndi m'mphepete ndipo akutambasula za m'nyanja Ladoga Ngalande. Schlisselburg ndi Chatsopano Ladoga ndi - mzindawo, ndipo ili m'dera la zipata zake mapeto. Ngalande zikugwirizana ndi mitsinje awiri - ndi Neva ndipo Volkhov. m'litali ndi makilomita 117. Staraya Ladoga likufanana Ladoga Ngalande.

ANAKULIRA yomanga

Amadziwika kuti 1703 Russian mfumu Peter Wamkulu anayamba kumanga mzinda umene uli ankadziwana wa Neva Mtsinje, zomwe ndi mbali ya likulu m'tsogolo. Cholinga chake chinali odzitukumula, koma mwiniwake wa zimenezo amavutika ndi mbali mtunda akanasankhidwa yomanga. Iye anali atazunguliridwa ndi m'madambo yambiri ya mtsinje, kotero kotunga zipangizo akhoza ikuchitika okha m'nyengo yozizira, pamene maiwe munali ayezi wandiweyani. Koma Nyanja Ladoga, zinali zosiyana chiwawa "ngati" ndi kupha zombo oposa zana ndi anthu wapatali ndiponso katundu. Komanso, ziwiya amene anali pa Vyshnevolotskaya waterway ku Volga ku Baltic, chabe sanapatse kuyenda pa nyanja chifukwa mvula otsika. Mkuntho mkati Ladoga, ankasiyana pang'ono kuchokera m'nyanja ndi galimoto matayala monga ngati splinters.

A likulu tsogolo anali kumangidwa. Ndipo chifukwa cha ichi, mwa zina, kunali koyenera kukhazikitsa kugwirizana malonda ndi Europe. Yothetsera mulingo woyenera Peter ankaona chilengedwe cha njira, umene kuzilambalala nyanja ndi zikugwirizana ndi Baltic ndi maiko Masewerera a Nordic. Izo poyamba ankatchedwa Mfumu Petra Velikogo Ngalande, ndiye Petrovsky, Ladoga, ndipo lero chikudziwika ngati Ladoga Ngalande. Nkhani ya kubadwa kwake inayamba mu 1718 ndi lamulo la Peter Ine chiyambi cha zomangamanga.

Ntchito yomanga njira pa Peter

Patangotha miyezi isanu ndi lamulo tatchulawa inayamba mu Russia wachitatu yaikulu yomanga nyengo Peter Wamkulu (loyamba ndi lachiwiri - ndi St. Petersburg ndi Kronstadt).

Malinga ndi asilikali a, Ladoga Ngalande ayenera m'lifupi makilomita 25 kutalika makilomita 111, kutenga kunayambira ku oyandikana Novaya Ladoga ndi "finishiruya" mu Shlisselburg. Zipata zake poyamba anakonza kuti akonzekeretse.

Yomanga ankati zovuta ndi zokwera mtengo kwambiri. Mfumu ngakhale anayambitsa mu Russian wapadera "njira" msonkho wa masenti 70 pa banja lililonse wamba ndi 5 kopecks lililonse ruble udachita ndi amalonda.

Peter ndinali akukhudzidwa ndi kuzindikira maganizo ake. Iye amakhala woyamba njira ndondomeko. Komanso, mfumu panokha amadutsa mu wheelbarrows pansi damu linalake m'tsogolo pa tsiku loyamba la zomangamanga.

(- anthu 60 000 mu zonse) serfs, anthu wamba ndi asilikali: nambala yaikulu anthu Kuchokera ntchito 1719 ndi 1723 anali kuyang'anira ndi Major General Skornyakov-Pisarev anakopeka yomanga. Ambiri a iwo anafa, sanathe kulimbana ndi nyengo nkhanza ndi zinthu aakulu ntchito. Izi, komanso Wamkulu kumpoto nkhondo, akulephera ntchito imene Peter anakonza kuti ithe pa zaka ziwiri.

Mu 1773-m, anafika pa zochitikazo ndipo potaya zimenezi, Mfumu sanakhutire kwambiri ndi mayendedwe a ntchito. Furriers-Pisarev ndi omuthandizira ake - osema Germany - anamangidwa, ndi curator ntchito yomanga Peter wina yoikidwiratu msilikali wamkulu - Burchart-Christopher Von Munnich.

Iwo anapita livelier - Ladoga Ngalande chinakwera ndi leaps ndi malire. Munnich anakopeka earthworks nkhondo kuti inapita patsogolo ndondomeko; komanso akufuna kuwonjezera polojekiti Polakwika, amene kumawateteza ngalande kuchokera kunjenjemerako wa madzi a m'nyanja Ladoga.

Kusintha kwa madongosolo anapanga Peter nkhondo Persian, kumene ambiri servicemen omwe anapita mu malo kumanga anasamutsidwa, koma linachokera imeneyi sanasinthe.

Ndi October 1724 zinali wokonzeka polekanitsa a ngalande, zimene zikugwirizana m'mudzi Novaya Ladoga Dubno. Pa malo Peter ngakhale anakwanitsa kukwera, ndi kufika pa njira anali mmodzi wotsiriza kwa iye.

Kumanga pansi Catherine Woyamba

Wakufayo Peter pa mpando wachifumu m'malo ndi Catherine choyamba. Ntchito yomanga kwa ena mantha nthawi koma Munnich, bolevshy kwa polojekiti ndi zosachepera mfumu mochedwa, iye wapanga ntchito adapitiriza. Kuyambira 1728 Ladoga Ngalande anapitiriza kumanga mofulumira zolimira.

Kuti wasiya Tambasula komaliza, koma zinali zovuta kwambiri chifukwa cha nthaka ndi miyala. Pa mbali yaing'ono kulumikiza mtsinje Neva ndipo Kobona, anatenga monga mmene 2 zaka.

Ntchito yomanga ngalande inamalizidwa mu October 1730.

Kutsegula kwa Ladoga Ngalande

Ndi momwemo chinachitika amene anatsegula brainchild a Peter ine ayi m'malo mwake, ndipo mkazi wake Catherine Woyamba, ndi mphwanga awo Anne Ioannovne, anali m'malo Catherine kuti "positi".

Mwambo kutsegula zinachitika pa March 19, 1730. Pa Mfumukazi lake Anna panokha anawononga fosholo otsiriza khoma (jumper) mu mzinda wa Shlisselburg.

Malinga ndi njira, amene wakhala ntchito yaikulu hayidiroliki wa World Old, tinayamba ziwiya kupita.

Zaka zoyambirira za ntchito

Nthawi yoyamba mayendedwe madzi Katundu adatengedwa ndi kavalo samatha. msewu wa Ladoga Ngalande nthawi zonse odzazidwa ndi akavalo (kapena, kamodzikamodzi, Burlakov), amene mwa twayini anakoka mayesero.

zimachitika usilikali, komanso odzipereka ochokera zosakhudzana ndi.

Launch wa latsopano yomanga mofulumira kwambiri kusandulika madera ozungulira. Inalimbikitsidwa wamphamvu chitukuko nawo malonda, nsomba, ulimi, Chotsimikizika. Anthu unakula likunena, anamanga midzi, amidzi ndi amu mzindawo.

Galimoto phindu Staraya Ladoga (ndiye Petrovsky) njira Zinali zovuta Musaone. Komanso anali kupereka udindo wa malo oonekera asilikali.

Chiwonongeko ndi kubadwanso

zaka khumi yomanga Peter Wamkulu kuthamanga bwino. Koma kupanda yake moyang'aniridwa, chisamaliro ndi kukonza unachita negative. Njira adayamba kugwa. Sanali kumusamalira zipata otsetsereka akutha, madzi okwanira, iye anali zoipa chosaneneka.

Izi mkhalidwe womvetsa chisoni zokhudza mlandu Munnich. Malinga ndi bwalo, mkulu-General anali ku ukapolo ku Siberia.

Zisinthe mu 1759-1762 anayesa A. P. Gannibal (Aka - Arap Petra Wamkulu), koma sizinathandize. Ndipo basi kuchokera ku Buku ndi Catherine chachiwiri Munnich amalowerera kupulumutsidwa njira ku chiwonongeko chotheratu. Iye wapanga Kugawilidwa kwanthaka ndalama kuchokera Zachuma kuchotsa njira ndi kukonzanso maofesi dilapidated.

Chidwi bwino ntchito anatenga panokha Ekaterina njira kuonera, ndipo pa khama lake, iye analandira pakhomo latsopano. Patapita nthawi panali khomo lina mu Shlisselburg. Zonsezi chawonjezeka mphamvu mtsempha wamagazi madzi, ndi mayesero ake anayamba kupita ngakhale kovuta. Kuwonjezera magalimoto, palinso anayamba kuchitidwa ndi mayendedwe zonyamula pa maboti wapadera - treshkotah. Navigation umayambira wina kwa masiku mazana awiri chaka.

The zikamera wa "wolowa"

Boma Russian zachitika, lonse la malonda anakula, ndi Staraya Ladoga njira wakhala zovuta kukwaniritsa 'maudindo "ziletso pa iye. Choncho, m'zaka za m'ma 19, anaganiza kumanga njira ina.

yomanga zaposachedwapa inayamba mu 1861 ndipo inatha mwamsanga 1865. Poyamba njira unatchedwa Alexander II, amene anayambitsa ntchito, ndiyeno ankatchedwa Ladoga.

Ndi nyumba imeneyi, amphamvu kwambiri ndi zapamwamba pachipata, adali ndi m'lifupi mamita 50-60, anatenga ulamuliro waukulu "kugunda". A Staraya Ladoga (Aka Peter) njira imene kutumiza anaima ngakhale pambuyo chilala mu 1826, anali pa "akungoonerera." Malinga ndi iye, "imachitika" Hiramu anatumiza, mabwato ndi udzu komanso zotengera zopanda kanthu pochoka St. Petersburg.

Pamene oyambirira 20 atumwi TH mu njira yomweyi inali njanji, anagwa zikuchepa kufunika kwa madzi onse.

Ladoga Ngalande lero

Kodi umaimira Ladoga Ngalande lero? Photo wa ogwetsa wake ... Ndi pafupifupi adzauma ndipo inamera mabango ndi udzu. The ntchito odzitukumula Petra Velikogo ndi zomvetsa chisoni kwambiri - ambiri malo m'lifupi si upambana mita. Ndi bwino kuyang'ana mbali ya njira wakupambana kudzera m'dera la Shlisselburg - m'nkhalango pali zambiri, ndipo ngakhale m'madera ena mungathe kusambira mu bwato laling'ono. Pansi pa dziwe ndi m'mapiko nkhungu wosanjikiza dothi ndi madzi mafunde, pafupifupi aliyense.

Komabe, hydro apitiriza kukhala pa kumva m'chigawochi. Mwachitsanzo, atolankhani nthawi zambiri tikhoza kupeza mfundo za ngozi pa Staraya Ladoga njira pamene madalaivala unlucky kuuluka pa njirayo ndi kuyanjana m'madzi. Ambiri mwa ngozi awa, mwatsoka, kutha mu amafa.

Koma osati pa zochitika zimenezi zoopsa kumbukirani am'deralo njira. Choyamba, gombe lake ndi SNT, wotchedwa - "19 Km Ladoga Ngalande"; ndipo kachiwiri, kuno kungakhale nsomba zabwino!

ammudzi munda

zaka zambiri zapitazo, dziko la pafupi ndi njira anasankhidwa ndi wamaluwa ankachita masewera. boma allocated ziwembu kuti anthu pano, ndipo ali osangalala anagamula lokhalamo nyumba ndi kukula zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zimenezi - ". 19 Km Ladoga Ngalande" SNT Malowa ali pamtunda m'dera wowoneka bwino, wazunguliridwa ndi m'nkhalango, chilimwe ndi zonse bowa ndi yozizira mukhoza Masewerera a Ski. mitengo Birch, paini ndi spruce kukula mu madera ndi wamaluwa.

dziko CHT "19 Km Ladoga Ngalande", ndemanga imene makamaka zabwino - ichi ndi maloto a anthu okhala ambiri mumzinda amene mukufuna kuti athe nthawi mpumulo kwa anthu amangokhala ali pikitipikiti mzinda mu chilolo zachilengedwe.

The Association ndi phula yopita ku malo ali siteshoni ikukoka, madzi ulimi wothirira angathe kumwedwa m'zitsime.

Ladoga Ngalande: nsomba ndi zochititsa

Lero, pamene navigation pa Staraya Ladoga njira anasiya kwathunthu, iye sanataye kufunika kwake pa mawu a nsomba. Kumene, sikutheka m'madera onse (ena zambiri adzauma, ndipo winayo osati kukatenga chifukwa dacha, kapena mabango), koma malo ena kumene kuli "mkate."

Ndi bwino kuti muzithera nsomba ku mota bwato. Koma moyandikana Novaya Ladoga madera ambiri kumene yabwino kuti aponye zimatengedwa nsomba ndodo kapena kuluka pa nyanza. Zimapezeka Staraya Ladoga carp, nsomba, tench, bream, roach, ruff, ide, bream, rotan, nsomba, Pike ndipo ena mitundu ina nsomba. Pali zoterozo_zisokonezo kuyenga danga, amene amalola kulowa madzi ndi "kusakasaka" kupanga manja pafupifupi adachitira umboni. Chonde asodzi kukakwera pakamwa nesplavnyh njira makhwawa.

Usodzi zotheka pa nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Kusankha bwino chintchito ndi nyambo, yembekezerani bwino.

Staraya Ladoga - chinthu amatetezedwa ndi UNESCO

Osati aliyense amadziwa kuti Staraya Ladoga njira anati chaka chatha chikumbutso ake 285th, ndi inkatetezedwa ndi UNESCO. gululi lakhala m'gulu chuma pa mndandanda World Heritage, chifukwa ndi zothandiza kudziwa mbiri yakale.

Mwatsoka, tsogolo la njira mpaka zinalibe chochita. Monga taonera, izo pang'onopang'ono kufa. Zochepa madzi, ndi zinyalala pa gombe zambiri chaka chilichonse. Ngakhale boma lili ndilibe maganizo onga kukhazikitsanso Staraya Ladoga. Ngati kukonza ndi tidzati malo okhawo amene zili Shlisselburg ndi Novaya Ladoga.

opangidwa chozizwitsa

dziko si kwambiri zolengedwa za manja a anthu kuti kuzandima m'maganizo. Petrovsky njira (Aka Staroladozhsky) - mmodzi wa iwo. m'nthawi yathu, asokoneza patsogolo luso, n'kovuta kuona mmene anthu m'zaka za m'ma 18, popanda makina wapadera ndi zipangizo zina, anali wokhoza kupanga makina amenewa. Masiku ano, zikuoneka zongopeka weniweni. Koma kwenikweni, palibe matsenga kulibe. zikwi monga ogwira ntchito ya zomangamanga ataya moyo wawo chifukwa cha pozindikira loto la Peter Wamkulu, ndipo anapanga sizingatheke.

akuvutika izi ngongole moyo wawo ndi njira yokha ndi mzindawo, umene chilichonse anayamba ndi amene amayembekezeka kukhala likulu wanzeru wa Russian Ufumu.