Masitayilo luso, mitundu ndi makhalidwe

Pa kuli lonse la anthu anali limodzi ndi luso lake. Panthawi imeneyi nthawi zambiri zasintha malangizo ake ndi kupeza njira zatsopano komanso kamangidwe kake. Kodi masitaelo chachikulu cha luso n'kopanda?

Ngakhale m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi mu mayiko a kum'mawa, Central ndi Western Europe, panali kalembedwe luso otchedwa Romanesque. Kalembedwe imeneyi, pali zizindikiro za zomangamanga Roman, amene kusiyana ndi rationality awo ndi nyumba yaikulu, zinapanga ziboliboli zambiri. Izi analenga kuona mphamvu ndi earthiness.

Mu malo ya kalembedwe Romanesque m'zaka XIII anabwera Gothic. Anapitiriza chitukuko cha luso Ulaya ndi Central. Lodziwika kwa kalembedwe izi kwa mawonekedwe ake elongated, monga wokhumba oposa. Mipingo yambiri Katolika ndi mipingo ndi zinthu za kalembedwe Gothic masiku ano.

Pambuyo kalembedwe Gothic mu Italy m'zaka za m'ma XVI kalembedwe Baroque anabadwa. Iye anali wokhoza kubweretsa zonse zatsopano lingaliro la osawerengeka, umodzi ndi mgwirizano wa dziko. Chachikulu kusiyana ndi kukongoletsa zikuchokera, chosonyeza zithunzi za ku nthano ndi chipembedzo.

Pambuyo classicism Baroque anabwera. Iye anabadwa mu France m'zaka XVII. Makamaka kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri kalembedwe izi chapeza ndi chithunzi ndi mabuku. Pa nthawi yomweyo, ndipo pali Mitundu mabuku, monga odes, comedies, nthano ndi mavuto. Pali masitayilo atsopano mu kupenta. Choyamba anayamba kusiyanitsa mfundo portraiture, akadali moyo ndi malo. Classicism zinali zochokera wakutemwa ndi kutumikira boma. Iwo wasiya chizindikiro chake pa nthawi ino ndi chitukuko cha zomangamanga. Panthawi imeneyi, zomangamanga zingaoneke zomveka Kamangidwe, momveka zojambula mawonekedwe ndi osakaniza choyambirira makoma yosalala ndi zokongoletsa anam'letsa.

Limodzi mwa madera a classicism m'zaka XIII, anakhala Rococo. Luso la kalembedwe izi zachokera zopeka, kukongoletsa theatricality, kudziŵa, kukongola ndi zokumana wapamtima. No masewero ndi masoka okha maganizo, mitundu yowala ndipo kwambiri chikondi.

Mu classicism XVII atumwi m'malo ndi kalembedwe otchedwa sentimentalism. Lodziwika iye kutsegula kwa dziko mkati ndi individualization mafano.

Patapita romanticism chimatsogoleredwa ndi nthawi kulamulira. Ziwembu za kalembedwe izi zinali zachilendo ndi zapamwamba. Iye anaphunzira mwatsatanetsatane moyo wa munthu, amene ukugwira kwa chilengedwe ndi thambo.

Patapita nthawi chikondi ndi Kuzindikira. Iye anawonekera mu zaka 20-30 zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi. Onse ndege ya kalembedwe chikondi anabwera padziko lapansi anayamba ponseponse ndipo moyo.

Kenaka naturalism. Iye amatchuka chifukwa chinyezimiro chake molondola ozungulira. zochitika zonse osadziŵika zimachitika malamulo ake, zomwe kumufotokozera za zinthu. Iye ankafufuza akamanena za moyo wa munthu.

Kuyambira m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi mochedwa, gulu anatenga mu manja awo chimakono. kalembedwe ankaona luso osadziwika m'tsogolo. Kutsata onse atsopano, chinatseguka kwambiri utsogoleri watsopano. Ena zaluso awa ali otchuka kwambiri tsopano.

M'zaka makumi awiri panali ambiri masitayilo atsopano mu luso. The akuluakulu anali chimakono, ophiphiritsa, Impressionism, Surrealism, Cubism, Futurism, Dadaism, umboni luso, postmodernism.

Kuwonjezera chakuti panali pamwamba masitaelo waukulu chabwino luso anali subtypes ena, monga pointillism, fauvism, primitivism, sezanizm, maphunziro, Vorticism, zongopeka chabe, Transavantgarde, Wachiwiri-Kuzindikira, chuma, chikhalidwe-garde, chikhalidwe-Kuzindikira. Panalinso kugonana kwachilendo zaluso monga conceptualism, hyperrealism, Minimalism, Pop luso, uthenga ulalikidwa-luso, Tachisme, Neoplastitsizm, kupenta akamabadwa ndi ena ambiri.

Modern luso si chilili. Pali masitayilo atsopano mu luso, mayendedwe yatsopano akavalidwe. Pitirizani kukhala ndi masitaelo alipo, kugula mithunzi latsopano ndi mawonekedwe.