Masitepe kapena makwerero? Yotsimikiza mawu mawu "makwerero"

Mosiyana ndi chinenero Chiyukireniya (imene ambiri mawu monga phokoso ndi olembedwa) mu Russian zambiri kukumana otchedwa makalata chete. Kukhala unpronounceable, iwo amasokoneza kuti lemba la chikuonetseratu ndi kulakwitsa. Tiyeni tione kulemba chimodzi cha mawu amenewa. Choncho, masitepe kapena makwerero: mmene kulemba molondola?

ndi tanthawuzo lexical wa nauni ndi

Makwerero wotchedwa chipangizo wapadera cholinga kugwirizana choimirira. M'mawu ena, ntchito masitepe kumeneko (pansi) kuti apamwamba (m'munsi) malo pa masitepe kapena rungs.

zipangizo wotero kunyamula (monga lopinda makwerero munda kapena masitepe kuti magalimoto apadera moto, sitima ndi ndege za helikoputala). iwo ndi mbali ya nyumba (monga masitepe mu stairwell pakati m'zipinda za).

Pankhani zipangizo za zomangamanga kwa zipangizozi, angakhale osiyana. Lamulo lalikulu - mphamvu ndi kukhazikika. makwerero banja ndi matabwa kapena zitsulo. Ndege makwerero ndi makwerero sitima anapangidwa ndi zingwe kapena zingwe ndi zitsulo kapena matabwa matabwa.

Ngati chida ichi ndi mbali ya dongosolo, izo Nthawi zambiri kuchokera simenti ndi njerwa, ndi zina mitengo kapena zitsulo.

The etymology mawu

Tisanafotokoze kuthana ndi kalembedwe (masitepe kapena makwerero), ndi bwino powasamalira magwero a nauni kuphunzira. Ndipo zodabwitsa, si odziwika chimodzimodzi. Pali ziphunzitso ziwiri.

1. Choyamba, kuti mawu "makwerero" likuchokera ku mneni "kukwera" imene imawoneka mu chinenero Chisilavo Chakale: "The lѣsti". Mwa njira, ngati inu n'kudziphatika kwa buku lino, zimaonekeratu kumene anachita yovutayi "T" ndi chifukwa kalembedwe (masitepe kapena makwerero) zimapangitsa mafunso ambiri.
2. Othandiza wa kopanda chachiwiri wopangidwa kuti "kholo" la liwu lofotokozera kapena lokamba za imatengedwa wakale Asilavo mawu "lѣstvitsa". Koma kodi ubale lili ndi tanthauzo la mawu akuti "makwerero" izo akadali silidziŵika. Mokomera Baibulo ili mu mtima chakuti mu ofanana chinenero Chibelarusi kwa Russian ankaona dzina amayang'ana kwambiri ngati - "lesvіtsa". Dziwani kuti m'zilankhulo zina Asilavo zoti akuti ntchito mawu osiyana kwambiri. Chiyukireniya - "mgwirizano" Polish - schody, Chisiloveniya - stopnišče, Czech - schodiště, Chibugariya "stlbische" ndi zina zotero N.

Kuwonjezera kutsutsana za etymology, sangakhoze kubwera kwa lingaliro limodzi asayansi ndi pa nsoka wa manauni m'zigawo. Choncho Ariadna Ivanovna Kuznetsova ndi Tatyana Fedorovna Efremova ndikukhulupirira kuti mizu ndi "nkhalango" ndi "T" ndi "pansi" - ndi suffixes. Koma Andrey Anatolevich Zaliznyak wa maganizo kuti kalata "T" ndi muzu wa "osyasyalika 'ndi suffix mu akuti imodzi yokha -". Kudzilambatitsa "

The staircase wotchuka

Musanawerenge funso ili: "Kodi kulemba: masitepe kapena makwerero" - ayenera kuphunzira pang'ono za mbiri ya chipangizo ichi, komanso mabuku odziwika bwino kwambiri mu dziko.

mapangidwe ofanana anaonekera mu dziko kwa zaka zoposa 7000 zapitazo. Pafupifupi chitukuko wakale ali kukamba za ntchito makwerero. Iwo anali wakale Aigupto, Asuri, Agiriki, Aroma ndiponso Mayan. Palibe kulinga ku Ulaya, sipangakhalenso bwinobwino popanda iwo. Ndipo ananyamula osati lothandiza, komanso kukometsera kwanu. Lero, mwambo wa zokongoletsa masitepe anamanga amakhalabe kwambiri zogwirizana.

Koma mitundu kungomanga zipangizo, chifukwa cha kutulukira zipangizo zamakono, iwo mbandakucha cholimba kuposa m'nthawi zakale.

Koma nthawi yodziwika kwambiri mu mbiri ya anthu, chinthu choyamba ofunika ponena ndi makwerero lodziwika bwino Yakobo, monga afotokozera mu Genesis. Mwa njira, mu Quran ndi ananenanso.

Pakuti alipo lero, ali wapadera ophiphiritsa matabwa staircase Malo mu Yerusalemu. Ndi chizindikiro cha zipembedzo Mkhristu 6 pangano pa umwini anzake a Manda Opatulika ku City Old wa Yerusalemu.

Mwachitsanzo wina ndi otchuka kwambiri padziko lonse Spanish Mapazi, inali ku Rome. Linamangidwa mu zaka za m'ma XVIII. ndipo komabe ikhala mmodzi wa okongola kwambiri zipilala mapulani mu Europe. Pa mapazi ake ankakonda kukonza chithunzi mphukira magazini kudziwika, komanso mphukira mafilimu ndi tatifupi.

Ndipo, ndithudi, n'zosatheka osati kutchula Potemkin Masitepe ku Odessa, anthu otchuka ndi alendo nyanja. Omangika pa chiyambi cha m'ma XIX., Ndi lero ali sinasinthe kwambiri m'kupita. Mwa njira, "Potemkin" anayamba kutchedwa mpaka pafupifupi zaka 100 pambuyo yomanga. Mu 1925, filimu yake anawomberedwa Sergeya Eyzenshteyna - "The ankadikira" Potemkin "", polemekeza chochitika, ntchito yomanga ndi nalo dzina lake.

Molondola monga kwalembedwa: "staircase" kapena "staircase"

Popeza kuti takambilana lexical tanthauzo, mbiri ndi etymology wa nauni "staircase", nthawi kumvetsa kalembedwe ka mawu. Choncho, masitepe kapena makwerero - kuti ndi funso!

Yankho kwa ici ndi losavuta: nauni izi zalembedwa ndi kalata "T", ndipo mwamtheradi nthawi zonse, popanda yekha. Mu njira yomweyo ngati "dzuwa" walembedwa ndi "wosalankhula" kalata "L".

Ndingatani kusankha yachinsinsi mawu mawu "makwerero"

Monga ulamuliro, ambiri a mawu amene kalembedwe wa chikaiko, mukhoza kusankha mawu yotsimikiza. Ndi izo, akutembenukira kwa molondola kuona ngati pali mu nkhani iyi, ena "wosalankhula" khalidwe.

Choncho, kodi n'zotheka kukatenga yotsimikiza mawu kuti "makwerero" mawu? Ayi, inu simungathe. chakuti nkhaniyi amatanthauza nauni, amene kulemba inu muyenera kukumbukira, ngati umboni. maina awa akutchedwa "dikishonale mawu."

Makwerero ndi masitepe, chifukwa ndi osiyana kulemba awo

Popeza anachitira ndi mmene kulemba bwino: masitepe kapena makwerero, mukhoza kulabadira kulingalira pafupi chonchi ndi matanthauzo ndi liwu la monga "makwerero." Mosiyana zonse maina ena cognate mmenemo palibe "wosalankhula" kalata "T".

N'chifukwa chiyani kuchitika? Sizikudziwika. Mwina pa "mofulumira" a "T" mu "makwerero" mawu potengera ena njira zinenero zimene palibe zambiri mu asayansi amakono. Mwina kulemba chifukwa cha zolakwa n'zofunika. Mulimonsemo, ndi "staircase" ndi "makwerero" - ndi nauni, zolemba za zomwe inu muyenera kuloweza.

Poganizira funso ili: "Kodi kulemba: masitepe kapena makwerero", tinganene kuti si udindo mabvuto ndi zilembo "wosalankhula" ali yachinsinsi mawu.