Matenda Hansen a. Khate (matenda Hansen a): Zizindikiro, Chithandizo

Mu dziko muli ambiri matenda kuti ndi bwino kuti nkhope. Komabe, dziwani kuti iwo ayenera kukhala wokhoza kudziteteza ku matenda. Ichi chidali ndipo ndichodabwitsa matenda Hansen a.

Ndi chiyani icho?

Pachiyambi, muyenera kudziwa vuto ndi chiyani. Khate - chiyani matenda? Ndi matenda a chikhalidwe opatsirana, umatchedwa mycobacteria wapadera. Iwo yodziwika ndi njira yaitali, ndi zotupa pa khungu, mantha dongosolo, ziwalo, dongosolo minofu ndi mafupa ndipo zimagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana mucous. M'pofunikanso kuti khate wakhala kuyambira nthawi zakale. Ankangoganiza ndi mantha, pamene iye anali pa nthawi imeneyo matenda osachiritsika ndi loopsa kwambiri. Komabe, akatswiri a masiku ano kuti n'zotheka kachilomboko yekha ndi kukhudzana yaitali.

kuwanda

Ine kudziwa kumasulira kukuuzani komwe khate ndi wamba. matenda makamaka isanafalikire pa Afrika ndi Asia. Koma anapezeka ku Latin America ndi Oceania. Koma akatswiri a odwala ndi India, China, Indonesia, Myanmar, Madagascar, Brazil, Nepal ndi Nigeria. Ngati ife kulankhula za manambala, tsiku okhudza 180 zikwi odwala matenda izi. Ambiri a iwo, pafupifupi 80% moyo mu India. Ngati ife kulankhula za Russia, lero m'gawo ndi pafupifupi 600 anthu ndi matenda izi (makamaka ku Central Asia).

Njira za matenda a khate

Kodi matenda Hansen, ndipo kaya matenda kwa munthu wodwala - ayenera kutiuza zambiri. Khate - mnzake wa umphawi, zisoni ndi zinthu auve. Komabe, chifukwa cha yatsoka yake ndi chibadwa anatsimikiza mbali ya chitetezo cha anthu m'thupi. Izo ziyenera kuti pafupifupi 95% ya chiwerengero cha dziko si atengeke matenda. Ndipo ngakhale pambuyo kukhudzana yaitali ndi wodwala, anthu awa simungapeze. Njira za kufala kwa matenda si bwino. Komabe, malinga ndi madokotala, iwo ndi izi:

1. Airborne njira. E. Angumi akhoza kukhala ndi kachilombo ngati munthu kachilombo akutsokomola, sneezes kapena ngakhale amalankhula.
2. Lumikizanani ndi nthaka tizirombo toyambitsa matendawa. Akukhulupirira kuti khate - matenda a kumidzi m'malo okhala m'mizinda.
3. matenda opatsirana mungathe ndi udzudzu.
4. Ungathenso kachilombo ndipo zizindikiro makeke kuchipatala ngati ntchito zida zauve.

anthu okhudzidwa

Tikambirana matenda zina monga khate. Kodi mtundu wa matenda monga kumachitika - n'zomveka. Tsopano tiyenera kukambirana za chiopsezo, mwachitsanzo anthu amene m'posavuta kuti omwe ali ndi ..:

1. Awa ndi anthu amene mwina moyo kapena kupita mamishoni mu zingakhale woopsawo malo (makamaka ku madera ena a m'mayiko monga India, Egypt, Nepal, China).
2. Anthu amene chimodzi khromozomu (q25 pa malo) ndi majini kusintha. Kuti amakhudza chiwopsezo kwa matenda a matenda.
3. Chiopsezo akhoza mtima nyama kuswana, amene akhoza kunyamula matenda. Iwo armadillos kapena anyani.

Zadzidzidzi matendawa

Monga matenda onse akuluakulu opatsirana, khate chifukwa cha mycobacteria wapadera. Iwo amalowa m'thupi la munthu wolimba, ndi waikamo ziwalo mkati ndi kuyamba mwachangu zikuchulukirachulukira. Chifukwa, pali granulomas, timabamputimabampu wapadera, amene analenga kuchokera ku maselo a chitetezo cha m'thupi. Iwo anapanga pa khungu, ziwalo, mafupa, pa njira mitsempha. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti zizindikiro za matenda zingasiyane malingana ndi mtundu wake.

Zizindikiro tuberculoid khate

Khate (matenda) lagawidwa mitundu yambiri. The oyamba - tuberculoid. Kuti mu nkhani iyi adzamvera odwala? Makamaka okhudza khungu akhoza anakhudzidwa mantha dongosolo. The ziwalo za m'kati ali choncho zambiri sakuwupweteka. Pa chiyambi cha matenda pa thupi la munthu, pali foci chimodzi kapena zingapo za matendawa. Izi zikhoza kukhala zolengeza, ndi papule kapena banga (yowala, ndi pabuka kum'chitira). Ndiponso, ngati mankhwala anachedwa, deta malo matenda ayamba kuphatikiza ndi mzake, kupanga yaikulu mapangidwe ndi amtundu wina m'mbali. miyendo anthu ndi nkhope kwake mukakhale maphunziro pang'ono. Pankhaniyi, dera lomwe linakhudzidwa amakhala sasangalala, amasiya tilinazo. Ngati pali kuwonongeka kwa wamanjenje dongosolo, khungu pafupi malo akhoza anamva chofuna ndi unakhuthala mitsempha mitengo ikuluikulu. Kenako akhoza kukhumudwa galimoto ntchito ya manja (phazi otchedwa mbalame) ndi kuletsa (atapachikidwa syndrome phazi). Pa nthawi yomweyo chakudya khungu wosweka, izo zimakhala zosavuta ovutika ndi wosalimba. Nthawi zambiri kukhala mowiriza amputation. Izi kulekana mowiriza a mtembo kale wodwalayo gawo.

Zizindikiro lepromatous mtundu

matenda Hansen akhoza kukhala lepromatous mtundu. Nanga angayambe ndi mtima? Tiziuza kuti mtundu wa matenda ndi ambiri zoopsa, ndiponso Inde - kwambiri aakulu. Nthawi zambiri, munthu akakhala olumala, ndipo nthawi zambiri odwala kufa. Isanayambike matenda amakhala ndi maonekedwe a chonyezimira mawanga pa khungu, zomwe ndi zosiyana kwambiri ndi anthu a khungu labwino. Tilinazo ndi nditamva. M'kupita kwa nthawi, thupi (makamaka nkhope) anayamba kupanga zotupa yaing'ono. Ndi chitukuko cha matenda anthu amayang'ana zambiri olakwika. Pangakhale nkhope otchedwa mkango. Pa dongosolo izi nthawi zambiri ndimaoneka zilonda kukhala matenda, zomwe kwambiri pofuna kukwaniritsa zolinga za mmene wodwalayo. Zizindikiro zina zimene zingachitike ndi chitukuko cha matenda:

1. Amuna zingachitikenso orchitis - kutupa testicle lapansi.
2. Posasangalala kumverera mu miyendo yake.
3. Kodi kupanga contractures chala, pali zambiri apitirize amputation.
4. Mukalandire matenda diso kuti munthu khungu.
5. Nthawi zambiri zimakhudza m'kamwa ndi kukhosi, zikubweretsa kusintha mawu.
6. Ngati granulomas anapanga ziwalo mkati, iwo kuletsa ntchito zawo.

Komanso ayenera kuti matenda Hansen ayenera kukhala zizindikiro za mmalire a mitundu iwiri ya matenda.

matenda a matenda

Matenda ndi pachimake matenda opatsirana zambiri kuzindikiridwa ndi mawonetseredwe awo akunja. Yemweyo amapita khate. Mwachitsanzo, amasonyeza kuti matenda ndi, wodwala angathe zotsatirazi zizindikiro izi:

1. mawanga khalidwe pa khungu, imbaenda thickening wa makungwa mitsempha.
2. Funsani mycobacteria yeniyeni. Pankhaniyi, kukhulupirika kwa granuloma adzakhala wosweka, kudzatenga ku kuchipala ndi kuona zimene pansi simungathe kutiona.

chithandizo

M'pofunikanso kuti khate akale ankaona matenda osachiritsika, ndiponso odwala ndi zizindikiro zofanana anali olekanitsidwa anthu. Lero, pa vutoli angathe kuthetsedwa kwathunthu. Komabe, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mankhwala a kwambiri matenda, kuphatikizapo monga khate - kwambiri nthawi yaitali pa mwambowu. Mu nkhani iyi, wodwala kuchipatala mu otchedwa khate - malo apadera komwe iye osati kuchitiridwa, komanso moyo, mwina kupeza banja. Pankhaniyi, mamembala onse a banja la wodwala ayenera kupita kupyolera kafukufuku apadera kuti Zimathandizanso kudziwa kuipitsidwa zotheka. Njira zochepetsera matenda:

1. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Iwo akhoza kuthetsa matenda aakulu matenda, kuphatikizapo khate. Lembani mankhwala imeneyi komanso nthawi ya ulamuliro umenewu zingasiyane malingana ndi mtundu wa matenda. mankhwala Komabe, matenda nthawi zambiri ntchito zotsatirazi mankhwala: "dapsone", "Ofloxacin", "Rifampicin".
2. Komanso ndi kuvomerezedwa odana ndi yotupa mankhwala. Zikatero, wodwalayo Kwalamulidwa njira "Aspirin" mankhwala, nthawizina - "Prednisolone".

Ngati pa chaka wodwalayo si wapezeka mycobacteria, mmene ya khate, iye akhoza kupita chithandizo outpatient. Pankhaniyi, inu asamenyana yekha ndi zotsatira za matendawa ndi mawonetseredwe ake akunja. Man motero amakhala mfulu kwathunthu kwa kachiromboka anthu ena. Nthawi zina, odwala chosowa zamaganizo kapena yamaganizo.