Magazi mu ubongo: zizindikiro, chithandizo, zotsatira ndi madokotala ananena zawo

Brain - ichi ndi chimodzi cha ziwalo zofunika kwambiri munthu anapatsidwa osati ntchito maganizo, koma njira zambiri zolimbana mwa thupi. Yobweretsa magazi ndi zinthu ubongo pa ntchito yake, koma nthawi zina kumachitika Mitsempha chophukacho, kumene kumakhala kumabweretsa kuyan'anila zambiri mu ntchito ya machitidwe onse thupi. Magazi mu ubongo, zizindikiro zimene zafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhani ino, ndi chimodzi cha zoopsa kwambiri kuti zochitika moyo wa munthu. Pofuna kuthana ndi zotsatira zake, madokotala ndi odwala kugwira ntchito molimbika. Mfundo yaikulu mu izi kupeza kuzindikira mwamsanga zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro zomwe zingasonyeze kuti ubongo, zomwe mwina ndinawona zithunzi ambiri amaloŵamo kusintha pathological chifukwa magazi.

magazi mu ubongo angayambe, pa zifukwa zosiyanasiyana,

Nthawi zambiri chinthu n'zothandiza chotupa magazi zotengera za ubongo, ndi matenda oopsa. Nthawi zambiri, aakulu njira ya matenda amachititsa inasinthiratu mu ziwiya zonse mu thupi, koma amene akhudzidwa kwambiri pansi ndicho amene kudyetsa ubongo minofu. Magazi mu ubongo, zizindikiro za amene sakhoza nthawi kuzindikira mwamsanga kumeneko ndi zina zina, monga:

• kusiyana kale matenda ubongo aneurysm;
• Mtima kuvutika, monga arteriovenous malforatsii,
• mafunsidwe pa Mitsempha atypical amyloid mapuloteni;
• chosaopsa ndi zilonda ubongo zotupa;
• madyedwe zonse mankhwala kulimbikitsa thinners magazi.

zopambana izi, zomwe zingachititse anawononga Mitsempha mu ubongo wa munthu, nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu odwala ukalamba. Ndi chikhalidwe cha kusintha ndi kutanthauzira za m'madera okhudzidwa ndi ubongo, amene bwino ndithu kuonekera zithunzi anatengedwa ndi diagnostics (MRI ubongo) akatswiri angathe kudziwa chifukwa magazi ambiri.

Haemorrhage mu ana akhanda - ngati izo ziti zichitike?

Ngati ife tikukamba za ubongo haemorrhage, kawirikawiri zikuoneka wamkulu kapena wodwala okalamba. Komabe, nthawi zina, zodabwitsazi zingaoneke mu akhanda. Mbali A cha kukha mwazi kwa muubongo ana amaona kuti akhoza kuonongeka zigawo zingapo, mwachitsanzo, lateral oziziritsa ventricle ndi khungwa ake, kapena subcortical imvi nkhaniyo nthawi yomweyo. Chifukwa chachikulu cha magazi mwana imatengedwa asanakwane, makamaka ngati mwana wosabadwayo pobadwa masabata osachepera 32. Komanso, mtima chotupa zingachitike mu sabata loyamba atabadwa ana zonse yaitali. Chifukwa zodabwitsazi lagona mayi mochedwa toxicosis, zolakwa khalidwe la kubadwa ndi matenda.

Gulu la kukha mwazi kwa muubongo ndi malo

The World Health Organization (WHO) lero akumasula mitundu 5 sitiroko:

1. Intracerebral kapena intracerebral kukha mwazi pamene ziwiya kuphulika zili zigawo zozama za nkhani loyera kapena imvi, ndipo magazi anazitsanulira mwa mkati mwa ubongo.
2. Subarachnoid, mmene aneurysm utaphulika kapena ziwiya anakantha amyloidosis, magazi motero akulowa M'mimbamo, wodzala ndi madzimadzi cerebrospinal.
3. Yamitsempha yamagazi kapena yamitsempha yamagazi kukha mwazi okhudza lateral ubongo ventricle.
4. Epidural limene akukhamukira magazi akulowa mlengalenga pakati pa chigaza ndi ubongo.
5. Subdural, mu mwazi umayenda pansi ubongo zolimba chipolopolo.

Kuthandiza munthu kudziwa thupi gawo lasintha ku zodabwitsazi ngati magazi mu ubongo, zizindikiro za aliyense wa mitundu amene peculiarities awo, akhoza aone ndi njira zina matenda.

ndi zizindikiro kunja kungasonyeze ubongo haemorrhage Kodi

Pakuti mitundu yonse ya kukha magazi yodziwika ndi zizindikiro izi ndi zizindikiro wosawoneka mu mphindi zochepa loyamba pamene anawononga Mitsempha:

• aakulu mutu;
• imfa kapena chisokonezo;
• kunyansidwa ndi kusanza;
• spasmodic chidule minofu ena.

Chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa zizindikirozi aliyense zalembedwa mu mndandanda, ayenera kuchenjeza odwala ndi achibale awo, makamaka ngati pamene munthu ali ndi matenda pa mndandanda wa anthu zomwe zingachititse magazi mu ubongo. Zizindikiro zambiri amakonda kulimbitsa, choncho palibe kudikira mpumulo wa wodwalayo, ndipo ndi bwino kuti itanani ambulansi.

Zizindikiro za a kukha mwazi muubongo ana

Zizindikiro zazikulu za sitiroko mu akhanda sanali osiyana ndi anthu amene alipo odwala munthu wamkulu. Komabe, pali zizindikiro angapo amene angathe kumvetsa kuti mwana utaphulika mitsempha mu ubongo. Nthawi zambiri izi akuwonetseredwa mu yoona mwanayo kuti woyamwa kayendedwe, redness maso sclera chifukwa atsekerezedwa magazi mwa iwo, komanso kupondereza bongo tendon. Ngati zizindikiro zoonekeratu kukha magazi mu ubongo kudwala angayambe nthawi ina kukula champhamvu cha chigaza cha mwana.

Zizindikiro za magazi mu ubongo, malingana ndi malo awo kutanthauzira

Kutanthauzira kwa hematoma mu ubongo imatikhudzanso zizindikiro. Choncho, pa kukha mwazi m'madera zozama za wodwala akhoza kuona zizindikiro monga wakuswa kapena kupuma kumangidwa, khola kasinthasintha wa eyeballs mbali imodzi, palibe zimene ana kuwala, kuchepetsa kutentha thupi, kugunda kwa mtima kulephera ziwalo za miyendo ya theka la thupi. Nthawi zambiri, boma limapezeka ankaikira chodabwitsa ngati magazi mu ubongo - chikomokere, imene wodwala kupanda kulabadira chopweteka.

Pamene mwazi akulowa imvi ndi / kapena woyera nkhani ya ubongo alili tingasonyezere ndi kupanda lathu mu mlengalenga alephera ntchito kayendedwe, kufooka kwa thupi, kwambiri mukubwadamuka kapena retardation, matenda reflex. Kukha magazi mu cerebellum, kawirikawiri amayambitsa kupweteka occipital, imfa ya chikumbumtima, kupatuka pa udindo yachibadwa ya mutu chammbuyo kapena pambali, kulephera agwirire kayendedwe.

Kuwonjezera zizindikiro pamwamba odwala ndi kukha mwazi kwa muubongo kumachitika zizindikiro monga mapindikidwe wa nkhope yake kwa ziwalo za minofu kumaso, kulephera kumwetulira, kusowa mawu coherent. Pamene zizindikiro zimenezi n'kofunika mwamsanga kuti amapereka thandizo loyamba kwa munthu ndi kupita naye ku chipatala cha m'mutu ndipo anamupeza ubongo, chimene inu mukhoza kuika mlingo wa zotupa mtima ndiponso kudziwa chithandizo choyenera.

Magazi woopsa kwambiri mu ubongo

Kuopsa ndi kukha mwazi kwa muubongo, kwagona kuti chifukwa mipata ndi mtima limba zimakhala chiyani anasiya chakudya ndi mpweya. Komanso, ubongo poyera kwa magazi anasonkhanitsa, amene akakufinyani malo ake. Ndi, nthawi zambiri amayambitsa zotsatira sizingasinthe kuti kusintha moyo sitiroko kulimbana wodwala yekha, monga ntchito ambiri a thupi, kuphatikizapo maganizo, ubongo, ndi kuyan'anila ena. Ndipo yaitali wodwala ndi popanda chithandizo choyenera, mpata wochepa kuti achire ngati kuli kotheka.

Chithandizo cha magazi mu ubongo

Pakali pano, pali njira ziwiri zokha kuchitira ubongo haemorrhage. Chithandizo, koma njira yake (opaleshoni kapena achire) anasankha zochokera Ndipotu, pakakhala manungo isanafalikire hematoma, komanso kukula kwake. Ndi zizindikiro za opaleshoni ndi:

• lalikulu (50 ml) buku la magazi otsekeredwa mu minofu ubongo;
• kukha mwazi isanafalikire mu ubongo, kapena mu ventricle lateral;
• lolemera wodwala matenda.

Kufunika kwa ntchito ya anatsimikiza potsatira Dotolo nawo!

Pakali pano, pali mitundu ingapo ya popanga munthu opaleshoni, kulola kuchotsa magazi aumirira ku ubongo:

1. Craniotomy, ikuchitika pogonekedwa ndi mankhwala ambiri. Ndi ntchito yaikulu oziziritsa kukha magazi. Chofunika kwa likhale la mtundu wa opaleshoni ndi kupanda matenda aakulu kwa ziwalo za wodwalayo.
2. Asang'ambe opaleshoni, akamanena za chomwe chakuti pamene mu chigaza cha mtima pa malo kutanthauzira kwa aumirira ndi okhawo yoyambirira ija kudzera amene catheter umayamba kudzera njira yapadera, chakuyimisidwa nchito kwa magazi aumirira. Tingafinye zidutswa kwake anagwiritsanso mwa kutsegula izi. Nthawi mankhwala 2 masiku, imene gawo latsopano wa njira m'pofunika kutsanulira mawola 6 aliwonse.
3. Stereotactic kuchotsa hematoma imagwiridwa ntchito chipangizo wapadera, amene njira yothetsera Kutha magazi unakhuthala aperekedwa mwachindunji malo a chotupa cha.

Zotsatira ndipo timataya

Kutayika kwa magazi si njira yabwino amakhudza ubongo. Photos anthu amene anali matenda zingachititse misozi. Koma kwambiri kuposa kuti kupulumuka ziwiya akhoza chophukacho, 50 okha% odwala. Chifukwa cha mavuto a kukha mwazi muubongo zimadalira m'mene hematoma lalikulu anali ndi mmene msanga mtima analandira thandizo. Moyo pambuyo sitiroko kawirikawiri akanali yemweyo monga kale. A ambiri odwala ali chakhungu zolankhula ndi masomphenya, dzanzi la manja kapena mapazi. Chimodzi mwa mavuto zazikulu zomwe magazi mu ubongo akuti ndi khunyu.