Mavuto zachilengedwe a Russian kozizira chipululu

mavuto Environmental kwa chipululu kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi monga nyengo-kupanga m'chilengedwe zikusintha nkhope ya dziko. The mabungwe ndi nkhawa limatsogolera ayezi, komanso ngati impoverishment osauka, ndi nyama ndiponso zomera za Arctic m'madera ndi Titafika pamalo. Pozindikira mavuto izi zosalimba, koma topezeka chofunika - sitepe yoyamba kwa kuteteza moyo pa dziko.

Kodi woonda kumeneko ndi kuichotsa

Arctic - m'mphepete kumpoto kwa dera la makilomita lalikulu okwana 27 miliyoni, kumalire a kum'mwera kwa amene ankaona kuti malire a kum'mwera kwa zone Titafika pamalo. makilomita lalikulu Only miliyoni 6 - ndi Ulaya, Asia ndi North America. About 4 miliyoni makilomita lalikulu imagwera pa magawo chilumba.

Kodi ankaganizira kwambiri kusintha pang'ono kuti luso otsika kudzichiza lokha, topezeka a m'chipululu Arctic ndi Titafika pamalo omwe amakhala pachiopsezo kwambiri. Osauka ndipo nthawi zambiri kuderako mitundu zikuchokera nyama ndi zomera amafuna mankhwala mosamala kwambiri.

Ndiko - kutanthauza

Zinthu zimene zingasokoneze m'chilengedwe kozizira Titafika pamalo ndipo akhoza kugawidwa mu zachilengedwe ndi munthu. Koma mugawo ili ndi makonzedwe. njira zonse pa dziko cholukanalukana abwino ulusi, nthawi zina si zoonekeratu koyamba. Koma zachilengedwe mdera chifukwa wabwino m'mayiko 90 ntchentche mwachangu atchule ndi kukhala ndi maganizo citukuko, kaphatikizidwe zigawo zikuluzikulu zachilengedwe, chuma ndi chikhalidwe. kumuopseza kuthekera kwa Arctic zambiri, koma ife kutisonyeza kwambiri mavuto a zachilengedwe a zipululu Arctic.

Kutentha kwa dziko

M'nkhani kutentha chinapezeka kuti Arctic kutentha mofulumira kuposa madera ena. Ndipo zotsatira za pakumatentha pano ali padziko lonse lapansi. Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti posachedwapa kozizira ayezi kuyamba kutha kwathunthu mu chirimwe.

Zotsatira za zimenezi adzakhala wamkulu kuwonjezeka kutentha. Ndipotu Arctic ayezi akuganizira cheza dzuwa, kutsitsa kutentha pa dziko. Kale imfa ya zimbalangondo chifukwa kutalika lalikulu pakati floes ayezi tsopano lokhazikika. Izi amphamvu mbadwa okhala wakumpoto watwya mphamvu ndi kumira.

Zogwirira wolemera dera

Migodi ndi mchere kufufuza (mafuta, gasi) kumabweretsa kupanga ikuluikulu ya mankhwala kuipitsidwa. mavuto Environmental ya zipululu Arctic imakhudzana osati ndi chitukuko cha kumunda kozizira, komanso akubwera kuchokera m'madera ena a zoipitsa. Only mtsinje otaya m'nyanja Arctic anabweretsa tonnes ochepa ya mafuta zana zinyalala. Remediation wa dothi zakhudzana ndi mafuta mu zone yopanga zambiri yekha mwambo.

Zoopsa monga kutayikira ndi mumapezeka pa m'zigawo zake. Komanso, chochokera kwa mafuta kupanga - dziko gasi, ndiponso udindo wake mu kutentha padziko lonse ndi zoopsa.

kusalankhula poaching

Pakuti makampani mafuta Arctic zone wa anthu opha nyama za kubwera. Ndipo ichi si mlenje, amene lafika mu aŵiri a. Zomangamanga chitukuko m'madera kale chimanga chosakhwima - njira ya bungwe poaching. Pali umboni kuti mpaka 300 kumalo ozizira umabala chaka kugwa pansi ndi zipolopolo za anthu opha nyama. Oletsedwa m'zigawo za whitefish ndi Nsombazi ku malire m'munsi mwa mitsinje ya Western Siberia - mbali yaing'ono ya zimene zimabweretsa mavuto a zachilengedwe Russian kozizira chipululu.

Vuto la pansi

Yosangalatsa kuti ziwole khalidwe la pansi mu Arctic - zotsatira m'dera chitukuko mafuta kapena kuwononga mitsinje ndi nyanja, sikutheka. Komabe, mu pansi Nenets Autonomous District muli pazipita kuchuluka kwa chimasanduka mafuta, nthawizina chithunzi ichi kuposa mlingo wa kakhumi.

zodabwitsazi silingakhoze kokha kudzetsa mavuto a zachilengedwe mu Russia Arctic zipululu, komanso kukhala zowopsa padziko lonse.

Gasi, mafuta pa maalumali

umisiri wamakono zathandiza makampani mphamvu kuchotsa zinthu zikawonongeka. Zachilengedwe ali akuchenjeza, chifukwa chitukuko cha minda zikawonongeka ndi oopsa kale pa zivomerezi kufufuza gawo, osati kutchula mayendedwe ndi Pamadzi kapena payipi.

mavuto zachilengedwe a Russian kozizira chipululu wayamba kale ndi unsembe wa nsanja pobowola "Prirazlomnaja" ( "Gazprom") m'dera prishelfnom mu Nyanja Pechora.

Mu dziko palibe njira zothandiza mafuta litulukira zinthu wakumpoto wa otsika kutentha. Akatswiri lonse, ngati m'dera madzi ndi 10% ali ndi ayezi, ndi kuyeretsa makina zikutanthauza operewera. Thickening mafuta pa otsika kutentha, mtunda kuchokera nsanja kumtunda kuchepetsa zotheka mafuta litulukira.

mavuto Environmental ya Arctic m'chipululu, nyama ndi zomera

Mavuto chitukuko zikawonongeka si zochepa. Kaya chifukwa mwina zinachititsa kuti kutayikira kwa mafuta (kugunda ndi madzi oundana ndi Mwachitsanzo zosatheka), izo adzachititsa zinabweretsa mavuto kwa anthu a dziko wamoyo. Pobowola nsanja "Prirazlomnaja" ndi makilomita osakwana 100 mu mzere molunjika kuchokera Nenets Reserve ndi nkhokwe masewera angapo kufunika feduro. Ndi n'chimodzimodzi anati m'minda zina gasi, mafuta pa maalumali madera mwapadera kuteteza zachilengedwe la Russia.

mavuto Environmental kwa chipululu Arctic ndi Titafika pamalo satanthauza kuti zitsanzo zimenezi. The Russian Federation ndi maiko gawo la Council kozizira (1996), ndi zikuluzikulu khama lonse umalimbana chimatetezera m'chilengedwe akadali kwakukulukulu labwinobwino ku Arctic.