State Natural Reserve "Nenetsky" dziko, nyama ndi zomera

Ndi malo achilengedwe "Nenetsky" pa chilumba Russian volvulus mu Nyanja Barents. Ife lizikhala ndi ziwalo kokha kuno ku Europe lathyathyathya Arctic ndi subarctic Titafika pamalo, kumene chisanu chivundikiro kumatenga masiku 231 pa chaka.

Ndi malo a nyama kawirikawiri ndi mbalame (chikasu-billed abakhawa, bowhead chinsomba, etc.), Kodi zomera kukula, ambiri amene m'gulu la Red Book. Reserve chifukwa remoteness a m'gawo lake ku makampani akuluakulu mafakitale ndi muyezo kukongola pristine wa Titafika pamalo kumpoto.

Mbiri anapeza

Kufunika kukhazikitsa malo oterowo mu Nenets Autonomous District wa Russia chifukwa cha zifukwa zingapo: kuchuluka amadza anthropogenic la Geological kufufuza makampani osauka mafuta ndi gasi minda; kukula kudyetsa cha mphalapala zoweta; kuipitsidwa kwa dziko chifukwa cha ulimi.

Mfundo zonsezi zinachititsa kuti kusintha kwambiri m'chilengedwe zachilengedwe - chiwonongeko ndi chiwonongeko chotheratu cha nthaka ndi zomera chivundikiro, kulimbikitsa zoipa ndi osafunika njira geomorphological, kukonzanso ndi kuchepetsa msipu mphalapala, kusokoneza hydrological boma m'madera ambiri. Pa nkhani imeneyi, mu December 1997, kokha pa nthawi malo a unapangidwa bungwe ndi Maonekedwe a boma Russian. Iye anadzatchedwa monga "National Nature Reserve" Nenets "."

Ndi kusunga "Nenets" mu 2010 anali Ufumuyo.

malo

Pambali kuti malo "Nenetsky" gawo ndi European muyezo kumpoto Russia. Mwathunthu likukwaniritsa zolinga za chinthu zachilengedwe.

Dera lonse ili mkati kudera lozizira ndi kusamba ndi madzi ake ndi Barents Nyanja Mapanga. Otetezedwa kumtunda ankakhala mu gawo kumpoto kum'mawa kwa Malaya Zemlya Titafika pamalo akuchita chilumba Russian volvulus, 20 kilometre Mzere wa dziko m'lifupi m'mphepete mwa nyanja Zakharyin, gawo la ankadziwana (pakamwa) p. Ndipo Pechora Mtsinje ankadziwana. East Neruta. Komanso m'dera chikuphatikizapo zilumba za Green, Lovetskiy, Kashin, Green Mura ndi gawo la Nyanja Barents (kum'mwera chakum'mawa) ndi ena.

M'dera madzi ndi oposa theka malo akutali malo a. Izi Korovinskaya ndi Bolvansky milomo madzi pamodzi gombe Zakharyin (m'lifupi 10 km), lonse madzi m'dera (km 2) Inversion Peninsula Russian, etc. Nenetskii malo lagawidwa m'magawo 4 :. Ostrovnoy Bolvansky, ankadziwana p. Pechora ndi Zakhar'in Beach.

Modes zoyendera limene mungathe kupeza malo pa Naryan-Mar (100 km): snowmobiles (m'nyengo yozizira), maboti (m'chilimwe).

Za nyengo

Nyengo subarctic m'madzi malo. M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha mpweya akutsikira -46 ⁰ C. The pachaka matalikidwe a avareji kutentha mwezi ndi za 29 ⁰ C mu February - mwezi wa yozizira koopsa, ndi lotentha kwambiri ndi July.

Monga taonera, chisanu chivundikiro ali anapitiriza pano kwambiri kwa nyengo, pamene gawo kumpoto kwa malo a okutidwa ndi chipale chofewa mpaka masentimita 40 wandiweyani pafupifupi. Chiwerengero cha masiku ndi blizzards pafupifupi 112. Mu nthawi kunkafika pachimake chaka m'dera lino chimakhala chogwidwa ndi mphepo kum'mwera kumadzulo ndi kum'mwera, ndi otentha - mphepo mfundo kumpoto kwa kampasi lapansi.

Relief Nenets malo

The malo m'dera pangotsala mtunda. Pafupifupi dziko lonse lapansi likuphatikizapo lowland kwambiri pfunde ndi njira zambiri ndi nyanja zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mitundu Dambo: hummock-dzenje, lokwera-dzenje laling'ono hummocky.

masitepe m'madzi inachokera ku dera la kumpoto kwa dzikolo, komanso mtunda kum'mwera dera mlingo kuchuluka pang'ono. Masitepe Nenets malo ndi lathyathyathya pamwamba, ndi m'maenje chinyontho ndi nyanja yaing'ono.

Flora

The zomera Nenets Reserve limasonyeza lililonse ndi kozizira Titafika pamalo chogwidwa ndi madera Moss ndi ndere.

The zikuchokera mitundu lagawidwa mitundu zotsatirazi m'madera zomera: zitsamba (msondodzi, nyenyezi yaing'ono birch ndi Labrador tiyi), chitsamba, ndere ndi Moss Titafika pamalo, m'madambo, msondodzi ndi melkotravnye udzu (udzu ndi zitsamba).

zomera mtima wa malo ali 339 mitundu ndi subspecies (iwo m'mabanja 56). The zomera olemera zimawonedwa ku malire m'munsi mwa ankadziwana mtsinje. Pechora. Zikupezekera oposa 200 mitundu. The Red Book kutchulidwa mitundu 32 a zomera mtima onse kukula mu malo awa: poppy Ugra, Rhodiola Rosea, Pinguicula alpina, Dryas octopetala, tetrahedral Cassiopeia ndi ena ambiri.

zomera

Zonse mu Nenets malo ndi nyumba nyama: nkhandweyo, woyera nkhandweyo, ermine, mbawala, ob ndi kozizira lemming, wolverine, kalulu. Iwo nthawi zambiri amapezeka pa chilumba Russian Inversion ndi zilumba Barents Nyanja (kum'mwera kum'mawa mbali ya) chimbalangondo kumalo ozizira.

Madzi otetezedwa ndi anthu ndi nyama zam'madzi - pinnipeds ndi m'madzi zimakhala. Osowa ndi imvi ndi zeze zisindikizo, baleen anamgumi, ndi zambiri - ndi walrus, beluga chinsomba, chisindikizo, nyanja kalulu.

Kodi mungachite kuwona zosiyanasiyana zimenezi nyama mu Nenets Reserve? Iye anakhala malo odalirika zamoyo monga ya Atlantic walrus, yaikulu bowhead chinsomba, Titafika pamalo tsekwe, lachikasu billed abakhawa ndi ena.

The malo ndi kusamuka njira (East Atlantic), mitundu ya mbalame. gawo Reserve a - ndi cholinga yofunika ya kubalana a anthu a mbalame (waterfowl). M'nthawi ya chilimwe, pali waukulu koposa mitundu yosiyanasiyana chifukwa lamellirostral (wakuda scoter, woyera-fronted tsekwe, nyemba tsekwe, Eider, etc.) Ndipo mbalamezi zimatani kuti zikhale. Hering'i Gulls chisa madera floodplain, ndi madera akuluakulu a tern kozizira - pa amalavulira mchenga. Akadzidzi, ptarmigan, peregrine kabawi, woyera-tailed mphungu, akhakula miyendo khwangwala Merlin Merlin, etc. Komanso moyo pano.

ikuimira sayansi ndi chitetezo ntchito Nenets Reserve lero ndi waterfowl zotsatirazi: mitundu iwiri ya atsekwe yaing'ono kumpoto (barnacle tsekwe, ndi chocheperapo woyera) ndi Titafika pamalo (Aka zing'onozing'ono) Mbalame ya Chinsansa.

Mwa nsomba wofunika kwambiri mu malo awa ndi zovuta za whitefish: peled, whitefish, whitefish, Cisco ndi whitefish. Komanso pa mbali ina ya nyanja Cave (kum'mwera chakum'mawa) njira limayenda wa nsomba kusamuka.

maulendo

Mu malo kwa alendo ake anapereka chidwi mapulogalamu ulendo: kuwunika mitundu n'chosoŵa mbalame (ornithology zofufuzafufuza), ndi mtundu kwambiri yozizira holide chisanu ndi m'chilimwe pakati pa mitunda wowoneka bwino. Pano mukhoza kutenga mbali maulendo zachilengedwe.

Pa zilumba za kozizira Reserve "Nenets" alipo angapo zipilala mbiri yakale ndiponso zachikhalidwe kugwirizana ndi chitukuko cha chikhalidwe cha Nenets anthu (opatulika ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana za makhalidwe a nsembe - mafano, zigaza za zimbalangondo, nyanga nswala, mafupa a nyama ya nsembe, etc.).

Popeza 2000, malo ndi oimika magalimoto awiri bungwe mu malo alendo.

Potsiriza, mmodzi chidwi Ndipotu

Iwo likukhalira kuti kudzaweruza dziko la zinthu zachilengedwe ku Arctic zosavuta - basi kulabadira moyo pali chosowa kwambiri mbalame - Titafika pamalo (zing'onozing'ono) swans.

mbalame izi mu Nenets Autonomous District - zizindikiro yovuta kwambiri za chilengedwe. Pamene kuwononga zinthu zachilengedwe, swans yomweyo kusintha malo awo okhala.