M'nthano. folklore Mitundu

M'nthano akutumikira monga luso la anthu, anthu osiyana mitundu, okhala dera ena. Pa nkhani imeneyi, nthawi zonse m'deralo. Izi ndi dziko kapena wamba mitundu luso chikuchitika mu chimango cha miyambo dera (Kupititsa).

M'nthano Mitundu ali osiyana mu njira wophiphiritsa-limaonetseratu za chinenero chawo. Pali sayansi polimbana ndi kuphunzira zovuta wapakamwa-nyimbo, mawu, nyimbo ndi kuvina, sewero ndi masewera mitundu ya luso wowerengeka. Pakuti dziko m'munsi folklore ndi Mitundu ya folklore Russian, anthu okhala pa gawo la Russia ndi mayiko ena.

Field ya kuphunzira sayansi mu funso zikuphatikizapo, poyamba pa zonse, chiphunzitso cha luso wowerengeka - mapangidwe chimango ndi ongolankhula.

Chimodzi mwa zinthu zazikulu za kafukufuku ndi mbiri ndi folklore. gulu Izi zikuphatikizapo kuphunzira poetics mbiri ya zinthu, kusinthika mu nthawi ndipo kumaonekera m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Mu kuphunzira mbiri zikuchitika ndi kukhazikitsanso luso chachikale chinkawavuta umene unachitika mapangidwe kayendedwe wotsatira luso. Komanso, phunziro la mbiri ndi phunziro zikusonyeza gawo limeneli monga nazale nyimbo.

The mitundu ikuluikulu luso wowerengeka ndi miyambi wowerengeka ndakatulo, nthano, zinsinsi, nthano. M'nthano Mitundu monga demonological ndi nkhani zakale songs, ndakatulo wauzimu, masewero, epic, ntchito ana.

Mu kuphunzira nthambi za luso wowerengeka ndi chitukuko cha ena mwa iwo okhazikika makamaka pa phunziro la machitidwe enieni. nthambi ayenera zimachitika eposovedenie, skazkovedenie ndi ena. Pankhaniyi, mopitirira, kuti anayamba ena folklore akale Mitundu anapanga ndi machitidwe atsopano.

The sayansi kuti amaphunzira wowerengeka luso, ndi ikufotokoza kumasulira luso limeneli mu miyambo posachedwapa. Modern folklore Mitundu ndi zina ya inhomogeneous zikuchokera zosemasema ku machitidwe osiyana mafakitale.

Tikumbukenso kuti chofunika kwambiri pa chitukuko cha luso wowerengeka ndi kuphunzira ndiponso zimene ankachita pa mayiko osiyanasiyana. Makamaka, folklore ndi chinkhoswe mu kafukufuku wa makhalidwe mwagwirizana pa zamalankhulidwe, stylistic, milingo wophiphiritsa, vnutrizhanrovom, mezhzhanrovom. Pa nthawi yomweyo kudziwa mafakitale latsopano ndi systematized kulankhulana yapita ntchito.

Kumene, kuganizira za luso wowerengeka zimakhudza ku ethnographic, chikhalidwe, zachilengedwe ndi malo ndi mbiri yakale chilengedwe.

M'nthano komanso kalembedwe ikufotokoza nthano angalongosolere lingaliro ili, podziwa kuti ndi chodabwitsa ndi, yodziwika ndi chikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana. Luso wowerengeka mawu nawo manja pa, intonation, nkhope, zovala, kusewera kwambiri, nyimbo. Pa nthawi yomweyo timaphunzira ndi kulunjika Malemba folklore.

Mosakayikira, nthawi zakale kwa mtundu wanyimbo panopa dongosolo folklore kakusintha kusintha zinthu zina. Komabe, pali mitundu ikuluikulu ya zilandiridwenso atasunga dongosolo wapachiyambi. Makamaka, ndi mmene likamanena yaing'ono mtundu wanyimbo: rhymes, nthabwala, lullabies, cholemetsa nkhani. Gulu uli ndi ntchito zapakhomo (prigovorki, zaklichki, teasers), ndipo nazale rhymes (lilime twisters, jerkin, zopeka-shifters).

Pakati waukulu folklore Mitundu ayenera kutchula miyambi, rhymes ndi masewera. Iwo ali ndi malo apadera folklore yadzaoneni. gulu Izi zikuphatikizapo nkhani za nyama, novelistic Nkhani (satirical, zimaseketsa), kunyozedwa-nkhani, zozizwitsa, banja, chikhalidwe ndi nkhani kalasi. gulu ili mulinso nthano, mbiri yakale songs, nkhani zoona, epic ndakatulo.