N'chifukwa chiyani kompyuta yanga n'kuyamba? Sitepe ndi sitepe mtsogoleri kuthetsa breakage

Ngakhale wosuta mosamala kwambiri polimbana ndi vuto kompyuta wake mwadzidzidzi ikutha kukhala mbali. Izi zikhoza kukhala chifukwa zifukwa zosiyanasiyana - hardware, mapulogalamu, kapena chifukwa cha polojekitiyi zovuta zonsezi. Kodi iwo kuonedwa? Kodi njira zilipo mwakukuthetsa zolephera kuti kuteteza PC kuti jombo?

kutanthauzira kwa kusokonezeka

Kwenikweni, zinthu zimene kompyuta si kuyatsa, ndiye pamene palibe poyankha kukanikiza mphamvu batani, ali osowa. Ndi chifukwa awerenge chiwerengero cha zifukwa Mwachitsanzo, imangokhala chakuti magetsi ali kutali nyumba ya.

Ambiri owerenga kuzindikira boma kompyuta si kuyatsa, palibe chithunzi chophimba pamene dongosolo unit bwino ikulira babu anayatsa pa izo. Pali kutanthauzira wina vuto - chithunzi Koma sinditi kutsegula Mawindo. Mwanjira imeneyi, wosuta akutha imeneyi chakuti kompyuta sabwerera chifukwa chotsatira mofanana: simungathe ntchito pa PC ndi. Tiona zitsanzo zingapo, kutenga nkhani kusiyana maganizo wosuta pa crux cha vuto mu funso.

Nkhani kumene kompyuta sabwerera mukakhala kuyatsa konse, monga taonera pamwambapa - yosowa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri izi kapena njira zina pa dongosolo wagawo akadali kuyamba ntchito, koma pazifukwa zina, zina potsegula PC sizingatheke. Kamangidwe ka PC zamakono amapereka limagwirira ndi, kutanthauza kuti mwambo ngati kuwonongeka Lowetsani linanena bungwe System - BIOS - limasonyeza iwo kudzera zikumveka ofanana squeak. Iwo akhoza kufalitsidwa ku mizati kapena okamba yaing'ono anamanga ku mavabodi lapansi. Taganizirani zizindikiro zawo.

Sound chizindikiro cha kuwonongeka

phokoso mu funso anawagawa mitundu iwiri - yaitali ndi yochepa. Ngati kompyuta musayatse ndi beeps, ndiye muyenera kudziwa zimene ndi ndondomeko ya chizindikiro. Modern mavabodi opanga zambiri pulogalamu tchipisi zoyenera ntchito malumikizanidwe ndi osakaniza ngati mawu:

- ngati phokoso 1 yaitali beep ndi 3 lalifupi, zikutanthauza kuti kompyuta sangapeze zithunzi khadi;

- ngati wosuta wakumva zomwezi yaitali ndipo mobwerezabwereza phokoso, zikutanthauza kuti pali vuto ndi RAM ya;

- ngati wolankhulayo limatulutsa 5 beeps yochepa, kenako kungasonyeze kuwonongeka kwa purosesa ya;

- ndi zithunzi mavuto akhoza chonenedwa ndi umodzi wautali ndi atatu lalifupi chizindikiro.

Onani kuti ntchito akamagwiritsa chizindikiro osiyanasiyana okwanira zimadalira buku la BIOS. M'njira yotani? Mwachitsanzo, BIOS m'mabaibulo ena mavuto ndi kanema chizindikiro 2, 3 kapena 4 zotsatizana beeps. Ngati kompyuta yoyendetsedwa ndi squeaks mwa njira inayake, ndiye BIOS mtundu linapereka kutanthauzira mawu akhoza zimasiyana anasiyira dongosolo athandizira-linanena bungwe mu kusinthidwa wa Phoenix.

Mavuto ndi magetsi

Taonani nkhani imene kompyuta sabwerera chifukwa mavuto mphamvu. Ngati PC sakugonja ndi kukanikiza batani, chinthu choyamba muyenera kufufuza ngati pali magetsi nyumba ya. Ngati izi ziri choncho, muyenera kufufuza ngati chitetezo maukonde fyuluta si ntchito. Izi zimachitika pamene inu kulumikiza kuti ambiri zipangizo - makamaka amene amafuna mphamvu kwambiri. Pakhoza kukhala vuto ndi chingwe mphamvu, PC - muyenera kufufuza ngati izo chikugwirizana ndi zitsulo lolingana mu dongosolo wagawo ndi khoma kubwereketsa.

Ngati kompyuta sabwerera pa nthawi yoyambira, izi zikhoza kukhala chifukwa woyang'anira malangizo okhudza kutsegula lophimba mu kumbuyo kwa galimotoyo. Malowa ali pamtunda pafupi ndi Jack kumene chingwe mphamvu anaikapo. M'pofunika kuti mchitidwe lolingana wakhala anazimitsa pa. Komanso pa ma PC ena thandizo la mitundu yambiri ya AC mphamvu Mwachitsanzo, pa 110 ndi 220 volts. Kugwira ntchito aliyense wa iwo ayenera kumasulira lophimba lolingana mu malo olondola.

Mavuto ndi magetsi

Chifukwa china n'chakuti kompyuta si kuyatsa, - Wolakwika mphamvu okwanira. Magetsi Pankhaniyi zimalowa PC zambiri, koma zikuluzikulu lolingana udindo kugawa ake, sizikuyenda. Iwo ali osavomerezeka matenda a magwiridwe a kapezedwe mphamvu popanda zipangizo moyenera - ndi bwino kukaonana ndi katswiri.

Koma kungakhale kuti wagawo kompyuta sali m'gulu chifukwa walephera magetsi, wosuta mosavuta kukonza nokha. Popeza kuti magetsi ndi zina zinayambitsa limagwirira mkati kuti adziteteze kusintha voteji. Ngati mains ndi kulumpha, zinthu lolingana mu dongosolo amayamba ndi PC wagawo ndipo musalole mphamvu Chip lapansi. loko Izi tidzakhalabe ntchito mpaka wosuta kuti zimatulutsa capacitor kuyang'anira ntchito dongosolo chitetezo. Kuzipanga izo mophweka - muyenera kuchotsa mphamvu chingwe ku dongosolo wagawo mipata, dikirani masekondi angapo nachiyika kumbuyo. Ngati vutoli anali kutetezedwa ndi adamulowetsa, ndi PC adzayamba jombo mmwamba bwinobwino.

m'malo batire

Zina mwa zifukwa zotheka kuti PC adzakana kuyankha batani mphamvu, - silinakwaniritsidwe batire CMOS, limene lili mavabodi lapansi. atapita tsiku ake - pafupifupi 5 zaka. Choncho, palibe vuto kuti itatha nthawi iyi kuti zilekeke kugwira ntchito. Onani kuti vuto limeneli silipezeka yomweyo: kaŵirikaŵiri yoyamba china mavuto ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa PC, mowiriza zolephera pokhazikitsa dongosolo nthawi, nthawi kompyuta kudzera kukopera.

CMOS batire m'malo mosavuta - kuti akatswiri bwino kuthetsa owerenga wosadziwa ndithu, amene sindikufuna mwangozi kupweteka kompyuta chifukwa cha kusowa zogwirizana luso ndi "chitsulo". Amafotokozera mu funso, zikuwoneka zoona, ngati batire, koma mosabisa, ngati ndalama yachitsulo yaing'ono. Mwina ili mu malo osiyana a mavabodi lapansi. Mwachitsanzo - mu chithunzi m'munsimu.

Chotsani batire akhoza ndi screwdriver woonda. Ndi bwino kutenga ndi iwe kuti sitolo monga nyemba ndi kufunsa wogulitsa kupereka chimodzimodzi, koma anamasulidwa posachedwapa.

Pamene "chitsulo" kutaya patsogolo

Ngati kuyatsa mphamvu, vuto angakhalenso mu zigawo zina hardware a dongosolo unit. Mwachitsanzo, nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti kupangidwa opunduka kwenikweni kuyamba dongosolo batani unit. Choncho, zinthu lolingana imeneyi si kutseka ojambula pa mavabodi, kuti jombo kompyuta chinayamba. Thandizeni dongosolo kuyamba ndipo akhoza pamanja anapezeka pa cholumikizira mavabodi Mphamvu ndi modekha kutseka ojambula analipo ndi screwdriver a. Kumene, ndi bwino ngati anachita ndi katswiri.

Pa PC mavabodi ndi ambiri capacitors, transistors ndi zinthu zina, omwe n'kofunika kuti ntchito khola la PC. Ngati kompyuta musayatse konse, zifukwa angakhale kuti cha zigawo za zogwirizana sanakwaniritsidwe. Pezani izo, ndithudi, angakhoze kokha yemwe wakhala katswiri. Koma ndondomeko Kupha N'kutheka kuyesa kuwerengera vutoli mwa kuonetsetsa kuti si mu Mphamvu ya magetsi, osati mu magetsi ndi kuti batani mphamvu.

Takambirana zifukwa zazikulu zimene PC sangathe kuyankha mphamvu batani amachita. Ife tsopano kuphunzira zimene zinachitikira kompyuta ndi anatembenukira koma kuyamba, pali chithunzi pa zenera akusowa kapena icho chiri, koma samachita kanthu mwa mawu a chiyembekezo ntchito PC.

Phokoso popanda zotsatira

Taganizirani njira yoyamba pamene dongosolo wagawo ikutha, koma chophimba sizimawoneka - izo kumawala. Zimenezi zikhoza chifukwa cha zifukwa zingapo.

Chinthu ambiri chifukwa musayatse polojekiti kompyuta - mavuto ndi khadi kanema. Izi ndi chigawo mwachilungamo tcheru, makamaka chifukwa kukhudzana ndi kutenthedwa. Pa makadi amakhala fakitale coolers, koma kuchuluka katundu ofanana PC chigawo kungafune machitidwe kwambiri wamphamvu kwambiri kuzirala.

Ngati mulibe kuyatsa kompyuta, ndiyeno fufuzani zimene mtundu wa chipangizo watha limayenera chabe. Muyenera kugwirizana kwa PC kuti polojekiti ina, kapena, Tikawonetsetsa kuphatikiza kuwonetsera panopa ndi zipangizo aliyense lachitatu chipani. Nthawi zambiri pali mavuto mawu kubweretsa mgwirizano pakati pa polojekiti ndi unit dongosolo - kapena zopotoka waya, mwachitsanzo yatsekera cholumikizira. Ndipo mu nkhani iyi pakhoza kukhala ndi chidwi zotsatira - polojekiti ina pa kompyuta scanned sizikuyenda chifukwa chakuti fumbi yatsekera mu kanema cholumikizira pa dongosolo bolodi, ndi kuwonetsera panopa sichikugwira ntchito kumbali ya chipangizo chifukwa blockages maselo awo.

Chifukwa china imeneyi, pamene inu musapatuke pa kompyuta (coolers ntchito, ndi kanthu chimaonetsedwa pa zenera), - mavuto mlingo mavabodi. Monga momwe taonera pamwambapa, ambiri mwa zigawo azipereka mu izo. Ambiri a iwo ali ndi udindo basi processing chizindikiro kanema.

Bwanji Windows nsapato?

Amene angatanthauze zinthu kumene chithunzi pa zenera apo? Chakuti, osachepera mu PC ntchito purosesa, RAM, zithunzi khadi ndi tchipisi chachikulu. Kuti ndi mwaukadaulo kompyuta ndi wokonzeka ntchito, koma pazifukwa zina simungathe kuyamba opaleshoni dongosolo. Zitsanzo kuwalitsa kuwonongeka, mwina Pankhaniyi motere.

Tiyerekeze, pamaso pa wosuta chithunzi zotsatirazi: kompyuta musayatse (ntchito nsalu yotchinga), ndipo izi zimaonekera chakuti mmalo mwa Windows jombo - kulemba pa zenera. Pankhaniyi, n'kofunika, zimene mtundu wa uthenga tumphuka monga ali. Pakhoza kukhala angapo options zofunika.

Mwina mavuto ndi galimoto mwakhama. Pankhaniyi, chophimba adzasonyeza ngati kuyambiransoko ndi Sankhani Yoyenera jombo Chipangizo ( «kuyambiransoko ndi kusankha yoyenera Nsapato chipangizo") kapena litayamba jombo Kulephera ( «ndi jombo litayamba zolakwa").

N'zotheka kuti owona Windows Os pazifukwa zina, chawonongeka Mwachitsanzo, chifukwa HIV kompyuta. Pankhaniyi, mzere lamulo uonekere pa zenera, koma zigawo zikuluzikulu mawonekedwe a Os sadzakhala jombo. Dziwani kuti nthawi zina polojekiti ngati kulephera mu Windows amasonyeza mzere womwewo, monga mmene mavuto ndi chimbale cha.

Mu zochitika onse, vuto ndi yaikulu kwambiri ndipo angafunike Iyikeninso dongosolo opaleshoni kapena m'malo chosungira. Koma izo zimachitika kuti ndi glitch yaing'ono Mwachitsanzo, chifukwa kukhudzana wosakhazikika yovuta litayamba cholumikizira pa mavabodi lapansi. N'zosavuta kuchotsa poona zinthu zogwirizana.

Nkhani losavuta - mu wowerenga kwa atolankhani kusintha maginito (ngakhale amaonedwa lotha, koma nthawi zina) ndi diskette. Ambiri dongosolo PC makonda, Koma ndi phokoso chodabwitsa, mwayi ndi adamulowetsa, limene Os ayenera kuyamba tsegula izo kuchokera diskette a. Osati kupeza izo mu dongosolo opaleshoni, kompyuta alinga kuti si anaika pa onse, ndi kupereka chophimba uthenga. Floppy litayamba ayenera kuchotsedwa, ndipo Yesani kutsitsa kachiwiri.

Nkhani yofanana - wosuta zaposachedwapa reinstalled Windows kapena yothandiza izo ndi zitsanzo za mapulogalamu kuchokera Nsapato litayamba anaiwala izo mu wowerenga yoyenera. System, n'zotheka kuti kukhazikitsidwa pa kuyamba booting ku CD- kapena DVD galimoto, ndipo zidzakhala chabe mu nthawi kuti agwire mpaka munthu kutenga chimbale kuchokera kumeneko. Kawirikawiri, ngati owona dongosolo pa DVD-ROM palibe, ndiye Download chimaposa pagalimoto mwakhama. Koma iwo sangakhoze kukhala pa chonyamulira mu mawonekedwe a chobisika kwa wosuta, ndipo mwina akuganiza chimene chikuchitika pamene Windows potsegula sizigwira ntchito. Choncho, pamene inu kuyamba PC wanu Mulimonsemo, onetsetsani kuti palibe TV - palibe floppy kapena laser - si anaikidwa owerenga.

Ngati Windows sadzakhala kuyigwira, kwakenso kugwirizana ndi mavuto mu hardware wa pagalimoto mwakhama. Kuti tichite zimenezi, kugwirizana kwambiri chosungira kwa PC wina monga zapadera, ndipo fufuzani ngati owona zikawerengedwa kwa iwo. Mwa njira, iwo adzakhala zothandiza pa nthawi yomweyo kuti bukuli kompyuta wina, deta kwambiri.

Njira ina - Windows amayamba jombo, koma m'malo "kompyuta" pa zenera adzakhala anasonyeza zithunzi zosiyana kapena, kachiwiri, mzere lamulo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chimbale ndi Chabwino, koma pali mavuto ndi opaleshoni dongosolo. Pankhaniyi, kuyambira mwina mkulu muyenera Iyikeninso dongosolo opaleshoni.

Mu nkhani ya mavuto ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa Mawindo wosuta inayenera kukhala pa dzanja Nsapato litayamba. Izi zikhoza kukhala kampani ogwiritsa sing'anga ku Microsoft kapena Mwachitsanzo, popangidwa ndi Mlengi kompyuta. Zikatero, wachiwiri zothandiza Angagwiritsidwenso ili pa galimoto mapulogalamu dongosolo. mungachite mtundu wa atolankhani okha Mwachitsanzo, pa maziko a ufulu Linux distributions.

Zokonda pachithunzichi BIOS

Zimachitika kuti kompyuta madzulowo koma Sikuyaka chifukwa chakuti dongosolo athandizira-linanena bungwe pa zoikamo anasonyeza pachithunzichi. Izi zikhoza kukhala chifukwa Mwachitsanzo, kuti wosuta wamukhazika pa PC wanu watsopano uliwonse hardware chigawo chimodzi, monga zina RAM gawo yasinthidwa kanema khadi kapena purosesa, ndi zoikamo BIOS sizinasinthe.

Pankhaniyi, zabwino njira - kuika njira mu dongosolo monga kusakhulupirika athandizira-linanena bungwe. Kuti tichite zimenezi, muyenera kulowa BIOS mawonekedwe - zambiri chifukwa ichi muyenera akanikizire Del pa chiyambi cha PC jombo, kenako kupeza chinthu Khazikitsani Pofikira Zikhazikiko kapena nyimbo naye. Ndiye kusankha njira Save ndi Tulukani dongosolo, kapena woomba N'chimodzimodzinso. Pambuyo kuti dongosolo athandizira linanena bungwe akulemba kusintha ndi kukhazikitsa malo ofikira ndi kuyambiransoko pa PC. Ngati vuto likupitirirabe, chifukwa kuti katundu sapita chinachake. Zotsatira za zoikamo mulingo woyenera BIOS akhoza anapereka mogwirizana ndi akatswiri odziwa.

Mwa njira, BIOS n'zothekanso kukonza ndondomeko ya mafunso dongosolo kutsegula Os. Takambirana zinkachitika wowerenga anaika mkati litayamba yofanana Vuto ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa Mawindo. Zikhazikiko kuti ali ndi udindo pothetsa, zotchulidwa mu BIOS lapansi. Iwo zili mu gawo jombo zinayendera, kapena kulankhula naye. Childs, zoikamo akuti choimirira kusanja onyamula amene katundu idzachitike. Ngati pamwamba ndi floppy ena - Floppy, ndiye akhoza m'malo pa HDD - zovuta litayamba pagalimoto.

PC kutseka pansi akuthamanga

Kodi ngati panali zinthu zotsatirazi: Zimitsani kompyuta ndi sali m'gulu? Njira yosavuta pano - kumene, mphamvu kulephera. Koma nthawi zambiri chifukwa ndi osiyana - mu kutenthedwa cha zigawo zina hardware. nthawi zambiri - ndi purosesa. Pamene overheats, ndi aligorivimu dongosolo chitetezo ntchito. Komabe, nthawi zambiri hardware kuti zili m'gulu la zomangamanga purosesa. Ngati kutentha kwa PC Chip chachikulu pamwamba pa mlingo yovuta ma mu izo, kompyuta musayatse.

Pali zimayambitsa awiri vutoli - awonongeka kapenanso insufficiently wamphamvu ozizira, komanso uma matenthedwe phala - mankhwala kuti kumawonjezera zotsatira za fani. Pa nthawi imene wosuta upitirira malire ndi overclocking - monga ulamuliro, njirayi kumaphatikizapo kuwonjezeka kwambiri Chip koloko, imbaenda kutenthedwa ake kwambiri, zomwe ozizira simungathe kuchita masamu.

Ndi kompyuta ndi purosesa amene kutentha - pamwamba mwakale, booted, muyenera kudikira pang'ono. Kuti vuto limeneli chiyani osadzuka kenako kulowedwa m'malo matenthedwe phala, komanso kusintha yozizira. choncho Mwina fani imangokhala yafumbi. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kukonzamo. Mwa njira, mbali ya ukhondo ndi zofunika kwa ambiri a zigawo PC - osati ozizira komanso zithunzi khadi, mavabodi, abulusa, yaikulu zimakupiza pa galimotoyo.