Ndalama Swiss ndi Swiss Franc: kusinthitsa ndalama

Chifukwa kusintha kawirikawiri mu mapu geopolitical a dziko, anthu ambiri asokonezeka zimene m'dziko limene mgwirizano zanu. Makamaka kuyambira si aliyense amadziwa zimene ndalama ntchito ndi anthu m'dziko makamaka. Mwachitsanzo, anthu ena amakayikira ngati ndalama iliyonse mu Switzerland mu njira ya lero. Chifukwa dziko lino - membala wa bungwe la European Union, ndipo padzakhala ndalama Yuro. Koma kodi? Likukhalira, palibe.

Ndalama Switzerland

Kwa zaka zambiri, ndalama m'dziko kukhala zikutsatiridwa ndi amatchedwa "Swiss Franc". Banknotes anamasulidwa Swiss National Bank ndi ndalama zinapangidwa Swiss timbewu. Lero ndi ndalama zokha mu mgwirizano wa Ulaya pansi pa dzina "Franc".

Mosiyana ndi mayiko ena, Switzerland ali m'zinenero zosiyanasiyana boma. Choncho ndalama Swiss ndi mwalamulo otchedwa m'zinenero zinayi. Izo zikuwoneka ngati izi:

• Franco - Italy;
• franken - German;
• Franc - Chiromanshi ndi French.

Zing'onozing'ono ndalama ndi kukhala ndi dzina lina. Mmodzi Franc - ndi:

• 100 rappenov (rappen) - mu German;
• 100 chentesimo (centesimo) - mu Italy;
• 100 Rapp (rap) - mu Chiromanshi;
• 100 centimes (centime) - French.

Encrypted Swiss ndalama CHF Latin zilembo, malamulowo pa ISO - 756 kapena 4217. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti pa chikhazikitso cha ndalama mayina sFr ntchito domestically, ₣, Sfr, FS, SF, kapena Fr.

mbiri

Ngati ndalama wodziimira payekha ndi Franc Swiss anaonekera mu dera 1850. Iye m'malo sakanikira ndalama "" mwa cantons ndi (adminedinitsah dziko) mpaka nthawi imeneyo. Ena cantons nthawi ino kale ntchito Afulanki - ndalama national France. Kupewa zoopsa ndi kukhazikitsa kugwirizana kwa ndalama mu Swiss Constitution mzera wapadera anapangidwa mu 1848. Kusindikiza ndi minting ndalama mayunitsi mu boma likhoza kutsogolera Switzerland. Kenako, Franc Swiss, anamasulidwa mu makope May 7, 1850, anatsimikizidwa ndi yamtundu umodzi.

A okwana 8 mndandanda wa banknotes anasindikizidwa mu makope. Last - mu osiyanasiyana 1994-1998. Kulengedwa Author - Yorgan Zinttsmayer. Iye anadzipereka ku kanjedza wotchuka la zojambulajambula.

ndi Franc Swiss wakhala mwachilungamo khola. Iye kwambiri sasonyeza kamodzi kokha, pa mapeto a September 1936. Ndiye ndalama Swiss devalued peresenti makumi atatu.

ngongole

Pakali pano, ndi Swiss National Bank chikalata ngongole ya zipembedzo zosiyana. Iwo onse osiyanasiyana kukula, mtundu chitsanzo. Swiss pepala ndalama ali magawo zalembedwa mu tebulo.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti mafano onse pa banknotes ndi anakonza vertically, pamene banki anati m'mayiko ambiri - yopingasa. ndalama Swiss ndi zokongola kwambiri, pa mapepala wabwino ndi kukhala ndi digiri zonse chofunika kwa chitetezo. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti ngongole yapita - chiwiri - zino, yapangidwa 1983-1985, ndipo panali ntchito. Iwo sanali kuika mu makope ndi kukhala kuthetsa.

Latsopano mndandanda wa banknotes

Lero, Switzerland akukonzekera kumasula yoweyula latsopano la zolemba banki, 9 mu mzere. mlengi wake anali Manuel Pfrunder. Choyamba kumasulidwa tsiku mndandanda watsopano mu kuwala zinakonzedwa 2010. Koma kuti akulitse ngongole apamwamba chitetezo chochitika kulephereka kwa zaka ziwiri. Komabe, mu February 2012, Bank National la Switzerland, mawu linapangidwa kachiwiri. Iwo anati pali mavuto luso ndi kaye chiyambi cha ulimi kwa osachepera chaka. Ndiye kunali amodzi wina. Malinga ndi malipoti a posachedwapa, mndandanda watsopano kumasulidwa kwa anthu mu imeneyi zaka 2016-2019. Kale kupezeka mu April 2016 anatuluka 50 CHF latsopano. Koma ngakhale kuchedwa onse, pambuyo pa mlungu banknotes latsopano zinawululidwa zofooka zina. Choncho, ayenera ndalama Swiss ndibwerere kwa younikanso.

ndalama

Pakati pa zitsulo banknotes ndalama pano 5, 10 ndi 20 rappenov. Koma pali zitsulo 5, 2 ndi 1 CHF ndi Franc ndalama mu theka. Pa "ndalama" ndi kwalembedwa - 1/2. ndalama zocheperako zayamba kutha kwa kufalitsidwa. Minting ndalama mu 1 centime anasiya zaka khumi zapitazo, ndi ndalama mu zipembedzo za 2 Rapp idaleka kutulutsa zambiri mu 1974.

Onse ndalama Swiss nthawi zonse ozungulira mawonekedwe. Pyatirappenovye zinapangidwa ndalama aloyi Al, Ni ndi Cu. Zonse - wa Cu ndi Ni pawiri. Pa ndalama nkhope phindu 20, 10 ndipo 5 chikusonyeza rappenov mutu (mu mbiri) ufulu wamkazi. Pa ndalama 2 1 Swiss Franc alipo kukula zonse. Zisanu Franc ndalama ali chokongoletsedwa ndi chifaniziro cha Swiss ngwazi yadziko - William Uzani.

Pa n'zosiyana wa ndalama azipereka chipembedzo chawo, ndi nkhata ya mpesa kapena thundu.

yosinthira ndalama suoneka

Kusinthana Swiss franc kwa ndalama ina iliyonse akhoza ikuchitika mfundo apadera zochuluka zilipo m'dziko lonselo. Komanso, utumiki kuwombola akupezeka pa gombe lililonse. Koma apa muyenera kukumbukira za nthawi. Banks kutumikira makasitomala ku 8:00 kuti 16:00. Ena mabungwe banki ntchito mpaka 18:00, koma m'malo zosiyana. Kusinthitsa Swiss Franc kwa dollar US kapena ndalama wina kudzera mwa "exchanger", limene lili pafupi kusiteshoni kapena ndege akhoza kukhala ku asanu m'mawa mpaka teni koloko usiku. Maofesi ena kuwombola ndi ntchito usana ndi usiku.

Ngati kuyendayenda mu Kufufuza "exchanger" mzinda si kwenikweni ndikufuna, mukhoza kuphana mwachindunji ku Hotelayi (chilichonse). Pankhaniyi, ndithudi sadzakhala osiyana kwambiri ku banki. Koma ndi bwino kusintha ndalama asanabwere Switzerland ndipo apa pali chifukwa:

• Swiss Franc ndi poyamba chongopeka mpweya;
• The zambiri osatchuka ndalama mukufuna kusinthitsa wam'ng'ono yabwino kusinthitsa ndalama adzakhala; Mwa njira, Russian rubles - ichi m'modzi wa ang'onong'ono ndalama otchuka mu dziko.

Ngati mwaganiza kutuluka ndalama kuchokera ATM, mukhoza "kuchotsa" monga yuro ndi Franc Swiss. Oddly okwanira, koma makhadi mu dziko si sizachilendo. Osachepera, poyerekeza ndi England kapena America. Komabe, ngongole angathe kulipira iliyonse poyera: sitolo, odyera, hotelo. Koma M'pofunikanso kukumbukira kuti Switzerland kwa makhadi zambiri anapereka m'munsi malire a kuchuluka kuti akhoza analipira motere. Nthawi zambiri ndi 25-30 franc. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ndalama ndi zosakwana kuika muli kulipira ndalama.

Pakali pano, kusinthana kwa Franc Swiss ndi dola akhale pa mlingo wa 1 CHF = 1,03 USD, pamene yuro - 1 CHF = 0,92 EUR.

Tengani a ndalama zakunja mu dziko makamaka malipiro ndalama

Mu Switzerland, palibe zofunikila pa mfundo ndi katundu aliyense ndalama zakunja. Izi zikutanthauza kuti dziko mukhoza kuitanitsa / katundu wa zopweteka za ndalama ndi kuchuluka iliyonse.

Koma pali mwatsatanetsatane chidwi. Malinga ndi chigamulo cha boma Swiss, ndi January 1, 2016 munthu, amalipidwa ndalama kuchuluka kwa franc oposa 100,000, iye afunika kuulula kuti asadziwike. Mu njira iyi, mu dziko mukulimbana ndi ndalama mwachinyengo. Munthu amene wasankha angalipire kugula lalikulu ndalama, gulu la Chitaganya akuyenera amafuna umboni Pawokha. Ndiponso, buku la satifiketi wogulitsa muzisiyira kunyumba. Ngati pali kukayika za kumbali ya ndikupeleka ndipo pali chifukwa chokhulupirira kupeza ndalama mwachinyengo, ndi olimba-wogulitsa ayenera kulankhula mfundo imeneyi antchito a Bureau pa nkhondo yolimbana ndi ndalama mwachinyengo wa mozemba analandira.

Lamulo limeneli amangonena za mabungwe kuchita ntchito entrepreneurial. Malipiro pakati pa chikukonzekera kosamugonjera anthu thupi.

Kukhoma msonkho ndi VAT

VAT (Phindu Added Tax) mu Switzerland, anatengera pa mlingo wa 7.5%. Izi ndi misonkho ina mwachindunji m'gulu la cheke cha ndalama misonkhano ndi kugula katundu. Mu dziko lino, pali mbali imodzi - obwezeredwa ya VAT (VAT) tikuchoka dziko. Kugwiritsa ntchito utumiki, muyenera mu sitolo cheke wapadera umene inakhazikitsa pa ulaliki wa pasipoti. Kuchuluka anasonyeza m'menemo, ayenera upambana 500 CHF. Pankhaniyi, tikuchoka dziko lankhulani banki ili pa ndege. Pamaso pasipoti ndi cheke wapadera kuchuluka kwa CHF 500, inu mubwerera 80% kuchuluka kwa VAT.

Nthawi zina ndalama si analipira tikuchoka dziko, ndipo patapita kanthawi. Pankhaniyi, fufuzani sitampu wapadera adzaperekedwa. Izo ziyenera anajambulitsa makalata kwa kufika kunyumba ndi ndalama zalembedwa pa khadi.

Ena m'masitolo yaikulu mu Switzerland mwina reimburse VAT pa malo mu ndalama. Nayonso ayenera kupereka pasipoti.

Kodi "kuyenda" pa Franc Swiss?

Takambirana ndalama mu makope, osati Switzerland. Iwo ali makope komanso m'malo ena. Kuyambira 1924, a Franc Swiss ndi ndalama boma la Liechtenstein otchedwa ufumu. Ndipo kumeneko osati wakuti kugwiritsa ntchito Afulanki mu anapezazo, komanso kuwalola iwo mu makope (timbewu). Chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa franc zinapangidwa ku deralo, ndi kuti ndalama, anamasulidwa pa dera la Liechtenstein, mwina "kuyenda" kokha mwa ufumu. Choncho, ufulu wolemekezedwa kuti apereke ndalama amangonena za franc chaka.

franc Swiss amaonedwa boma ndalama kudera lina. Iwo Campione d'Italia. mfundo ndi yakuti, ngakhale izi mwalamulo exclave ili nthaka Italy, wazunguliridwa ndi dera la Canton wa Ticino zokhudzana Switzerland. Choncho, chuma Campione d'Italia chikugwirizana osati ndi Rome ili si pafupi, ndi Switzerland. dziko lino amapereka anthu exclave telefoni, misonkhano mail, ntchito mu zipatala, sukulu, ndi zina. Kotero kuti ndalama Swiss tinganene kuti ngati ndalama boma, ndi mayiko amenewa.