Ndi njinga zomwe: mitundu, kapangidwe, specifications, opanga

Komanso, ndani wina kudziwa ngati kugula njinga, mtengo akuyendayenda deta alipo panopa pa ubwino ntchito zake. Zonse kayendedwe pa galimoto ili kulola kuti waukulu zotsatira achire, kuthandiza kuthetsa nkhawa. Komanso, pamene atakwera njinga mu umunthu opangidwa ndi michere ena timadzi, amene ali bwino kuposa antidepressant amphamvu kwambiri. A kuthandiza m'njira zina ndi galimoto ndi dongosolo la mtima.

Koma kuwonjezera kuthetsa mavuto a thanzi la kupalasa njinga - izo zangokhala chizolowezi zodabwitsa. Pambuyo kuyenda kudzera paki kwabasi nkhalango kapena mzinda zosangalatsa kwambiri yopuma pa bedi ndi gawo zonse tchipisi mbatata.

A mbiri pang'ono

Back mu 1818 yoyendetsa German ndi pulofesa wina wa luso apanga zachilendo kwa nthawi galimoto. Mpheroyi chimango, gudumu ndi matayala. A kapangidwe ofanana wotchedwa wolemba makina kwambiri kuthamanga, chifukwa ngo galimoto lake pa nthawi anali asanakhale.

Kuyambira nthawi limayamba mbiri ya njinga. Posachedwapa galimoto anagona wakhala wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa achinyamata a nthawi. Mfundo yotereyi ikutsimikizidwanso timva mu zolemba olemekezeka, komanso filimu yoyamba nascent Cinématographe.

Patapita kanthawi, ndi English injiniya anabwera kuti awonjezere "amangokhala njinga yamoto yovundikira" unyolo ndi pedals. Ichi chinali chiyambi cha njinga mu mawonekedwe kuti ndi bwino kuti m'badwo pano. Pakali pano, opanga kutiitanira ambiri a zanyengo galimoto, osanenapo zosiyanasiyana awo ambiri.

Gawo

Musanapite kukaona sitolo kugula galimoto ziwiri matayala, m'pofunika kumvetsa Matupi awo alipo. Kodi muyenera kudziwa ndi njinga chiyani? M'pofunika kugula njinga bwino, angathe kuchita ntchito yeniyeni.

Kukafola mwa gulu la mtundu uwu zoyendera - zovuta. Ndipotu, pali mitundu ambiri a nduna zake ndi subspecies.
ndi njinga chiyani? Conventionally, iwo zidzasankhidwa:

- pa m'badwo mwini - ana ndi achinyamata komanso akuluakulu;
- mwa ntchito (mu mzinda, pa msewu, pa mtanda dziko).

Komabe, pali wamba malonda gulu kuti mokwanira atamvetsera nkhani ogula wamba "ndi njinga chiyani?". Malinga ndi gulu ili, kusiyanitsa mitundu ikuluikulu magalimoto awiri mawiro:

1. Phiri. Izi mtundu wa njinga otchedwa mauntibaykom, ndicho ambiri ndi otchuka pakati owerenga. cholinga chake chachikulu - galimoto kuchokera msewu, m'madera ndi amphamvu makolokoto mtunda. Mitundu chachikulu cha gulu ili monga njinga ndi dampers imodzi kapena ziwiri. Iwo ali kutchedwa, motero, hardtail ndi dvuhpodves. Zimenezi zimathandiza wokwera pa kukwera pa msewu ndi chitonthozo pazipita.

2. Road. njinga zimenezi zakonzedwa kwa ulendo chete m'misewu mzinda. Iwo kwa anthu amene Mwachitsanzo, akufuna kupeza kuti sitolo awo ankakonda kapena kusangalala ndi maganizo wokongola m'dera m'nkhalango paki.

Kwa iye amene akonda kuti aime poyenda, izo tikulimbikitsidwa kulabadira mtundu uwu wa njinga, monga cruiser (wowaza). chitsanzo ichi walandira dzina chifukwa cha nkhope yake njinga zamoto ndi biker.

3. misewu. njinga zimenezi zakonzedwa kwa ulendo kudya pa phula wabwino. Iwo akhoza bwinobwino zimachitika m'gulu la masewera. Kuphatikizanso ndi njanji njinga ntchito m'njira wakupambulika dzinache mkombero njanji. njinga Amenewa alibe absorbers mantha kuti akhoza kuthetsa mavuto manja wokwera kwambiri. Ndi mkulu liwiro akhoza anaimba ntchito njinga msewu pa lathyathyathya msewu. Kugula njinga izi atakwera misewu inali m'tauni.

4. Zophatikiza. njinga awa amatchedwanso ndi zokopa alendo. zinalengedwera ndi chinthu cha mtanda pakati anagona msewu ndi zitsanzo phiri. Monga ulamuliro, chosakanizika ali ambiri imathamanga, luso ku gombe pansi pa nthaka msinkhu, ndi n'zotheka omasuka avundulidwe pa mtunda akhakula.

Palinso ena kapangidwe chochititsa. Zikuphatikizapo, makamaka, njinga magetsi, komanso begovely (iwo amafanana ndi chitsanzo analengedwa mu 1818).

kufunika m'kagulu

Kodi galimoto awiri mawiro lagawidwa mitundu? chakuti aliyense lachitsanzo ali mbali yake structural kuti zifunika kusamukira ku malo ena. Mwachitsanzo, phiri kupalasa kwambiri wovuta kuti nazungulira mudzi. Makulidwe ndi kulemera kwa njinga izi kuchita zofanana njinga ulendo ovuta mbuye. Ndi mosemphanitsa.

njinga Road adzakhala kwathunthu achabechabe kunja phula lapansi. Ndipotu chipangizo awo amapereka kukwera pa misewu mosabisa. N'chifukwa chake kusankha njira yoyenera, muyenera kudziwa chimene ndi njinga. Izi kuwalola yomweyo kumvetsetsa mbali chosiyana ndi kusankha galimoto zoyenera.

Otherness

Galimoto angagwiritsidwe ntchito mwamuna, mkazi kapena mwana. Kusankha olondola a mtundu wa njinga kudzadalira makamaka chitonthozo ntchito.

Choncho, magalimoto awiri mawiro ndi:

- wamwamuna okonzeka ndi muyezo dongosolo mkulu chimango;
- Women, analengedwa pa chimango otsika ndipo akupezeka madona njinga m'tawuni (njira), anagona msewu ndi phiri;
- ana zosiyana miyeso ndi mamangidwe a magudumu;
- unisex, kukhala ndi kutalika avareji chimango ndi oyenera akazi onse
ndi amuna.

Zosintha Sports

Kodi kusankha njinga ufulu amene anaganiza kutenga kupalasa njinga? zitsanzo izi alinso gulu yake. Pakali pano, Mlengi amapereka zosiyanasiyana njinga masewera, omwe ali kusiyana chake pa nyengo structural, komanso specifications ndi luso. Choncho, gulu zikuphatikizapo nkhani zotsatirazi:

- misewu;
- phiri;
- nthu ndi Freestyle;
- triathlon;
- Track;
- woyendera.

njinga Road

njinga njira izi monga inu adutsa yosalala phula msewu amalola kukhala ndi liwiro 70 km / h. Iwo yodziwika ndi chinthu chimodzimodzi, ang'ono mawilo makulidwe, komanso olemera katundu kuuluka bwino potsatira njira, chiwerengero chachikulu cha magiya ndipo gudumu woboola pakati nkhosa nyanga. Komanso, khwalala - pa njinga lightest. Kulemera kwa ena zitsanzo za njinga ndi makilogalamu 6 okha. opanga Izi zotsatira kukwaniritsa pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo kopitilira muyeso-kuwala monga zotayidwa, mpweya CHIKWANGWANI ndi zitsulo mkulu-aloyi. Zolemba malire roadies kulemera ukufika makilogalamu 11.

The njinga lightest ali masipoko ochepa. chiwerengero chawo zambiri ukufika makumi awiri. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti liwiro la njinga izi mu malo oyamba, ndi mphamvu chimazirara kukhala maziko.

njinga phiri

Mauntibayki anaikira galimoto pa malo komwe kulibe misewu yolunjika, ndi kapangidwe wapadera. akulu awa amangothamangira njinga chimango osiyana ndi cushioning wamphamvu, kwambiri anakweza ophimba mawilo awiri wandiweyani mpaka 560 mamilimita ndi chitsanzo osiyana pa kuyenda ndi tayala studs. Ali imathamanga osachepera khumi. Komabe, nyenyezi awo tinapangidwa mu njira yapadera. Izi mosavuta phiri. Kamangidwe ka chimango njinga, anaikira galimoto pa mtunda akhakula ali ikuthandizira zinthu. N'chifukwa chake cholemera njinga zambiri ukufika makilogalamu 20. Ngakhale ndi zipangizo mkulu kuwala (kasakaniza wazitsulo zotayidwa, ndi ma polima) njinga kulemera ndi chidwi kwambiri.

Kamangidwe ka njinga phiri zambiri anapereka chimbale mabuleki. Angakhale ngati chingwe galimoto ndi hayidiroliki.

Opanga kupereka zitsanzo za njinga imeneyi phiri njinga amuna ndi akazi.

Freestyle ndi mayesero

Izi mitundu ya njinga masewera ali otchuka kwambiri pakati pa mafani wa masewera kwambiri. Chitsanzo anaikira Freestyle mavuto ndi mayesero, chimasiyanitsa chimango okhwima. Kuti amalola njinga kupirira akatundu olemera pa kuphedwa kwa zinthu acrobatic, ndi zidule zosiyanasiyana. Mawilo wokwera pa njinga awa ndi ambiri masipoko, amene kumawonjezera kudalirika kwawo mu landings ndi kuwomba makoma. Wina chizindikiro cha mtundu wa njinga ndi gudumu awo wopindidwa. Bukuli lakonzedwa kuthandiza ndi kusunga bwino wa asilikali. Monga liwiro, ndiye njinga izi satero. The chimbale ananyema ndi ndondomeko ndi felemu.

triathlon

njinga izi masewera ndi mapasa njinga abale msewu. Komabe, iwo kusiyana ndi wosiyana pang'ono chimango Masamu ndi malo mawilo kutsogolo, amene ali pa mlingo wosiyana ndi kumbuyo.

Chinthu chofunika kwambiri ndi luso njinga ngati ufulu kusintha imathamanga, komanso chomasuka kasamalidwe.

njanji njinga

M'misewu mzinda, nkhanizi sichingapezeke. cholinga chawo chachikulu - mwayi nawo mpikisano zikuyenda. njinga oterowo mosatsata mabuleki ndi masiwichi imathamanga. Kusiya izi njinga wothamanga ali kupanga m'matumba angapo owonjezera.

Kuti iyende bwino yosiyana umodzi wokwera fiberglass kapena mawilo mpweya CHIKWANGWANI pa njinga, anafuna kumakhala liwiro. Gudumu kutsogolo ndi osiyana ziwiri trehrebernoy tsamba. Pa mawilo kumbuyo pa njinga anachita olimba. Izi zili Madongosolo njinga zimenezi. Imakhala chomasuka chinthu chimodzimodzi awo okwanira, palibe kukhazikitsa ndi nanyema, kuchepetsa mpweya kukana koyefishienti, ndi kuwongolera controllability.

njinga woyendera

zitsanzo izi wa njinga masewera anapangidwa kuti ulendo wautali pa misewu mosabisa. zinalengedwera zikuphatikizapo chimango amphamvu kwambiri amene amapereka chitetezo wamkulu wa njinga. Mu dongosolo la mawilo amene awiri ukufika 28 mainchesi, amapereka zambiri masipoko - makumi atatu kapena kupitirira. Matayala ndi kuyenda amene amathandiza samatha wabwino padziko msewu.

lopinda njinga

Mtundu wa njinga Mwa njira kapena zitsanzo m'tawuni. Chinthu chapadera cha kamangidwe ndi kukhalapo kwa hinge makina penapake pakati pa chimango lapansi. Izi zimathandiza kuti pindani njinga mu theka. Monga, njinga imafuna malo kuli mosavuta kusungidwa natengedwa. Today, opanga kupereka zotayidwa njinga lopinda. Opepuka kuposa akapolo anzawo akale, amene kumawonjezera chomasuka kayendedwe. Ndipotu, pali zitsanzo osati Milingo yabwino imathandiza mulimi. Pali lopinda njinga kuti angathe kuchitidwa mu chikwama a.

Makasitomala anapereka chitsanzo cha njinga zimenezi ndi mabuleki chimbale ndi liwiro lophimba. Makamaka patsogolo pawo zili ndi injini mafuta kapena magetsi galimoto. Malinga ndi miyeso ndi kulemera kwa njinga ndi phindu Mawilo ake. kukula awo pazipita ukufika mainchesi 20.

njinga akazi

Pamene kuwerenga oti limapezeka nthawi yomweyo kuyenda zosinthika omwe saganizira chimango. Nthawi zambiri mukhoza kupeza njinga yaikazi ndi mtanga ndi belu kuvomerezedwa. Ichi ndi tingachipeze powerenga awiri mawiro galimoto, amene amayendetsa madona amene musaike cholinga mu kugonjetsa zovuta otsetsereka ski kapena misewu. N'chifukwa chake akazi msewu njinga ndi mtanga pabwino pa thunthu kapena gudumu kutsogolo, ndi otchuka ndi theka fairer wa umunthu. Kumathandiza chowonjezera limakupatsani ikani zosiyanasiyana matumba madona ndi zinthu, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale mwana. Izi amamasula manja, amene kumathandiza kuti ulendo wotetezeka.

Poyamba madona atakwera njinga anthu. Komabe, kuyambira cha m'ma 80 ntchentche Mu zaka zapitazo, opanga anayamba kutulutsa zitsanzo kuti kuganizira kapangidwe anatomical akazi. Choncho, kutukula afika zotsatirazi:

- mwapang'ono gudumu ndipo wataya chishalo;
- anapanga onse mpando;
- Muzilankhula chitsanzo;
- anapanga ngo onse ndi zambiri za zipangizo zochepa yoterera.

Komabe, njinga awa sali oyenera masewera. chimango opepuka saloledwa kukwera mapiri kapena omwazika pamodzi khwalala kwa liwiro ankafuna. M'kupita kwa nthawi, ndi akayanjana. Pa msika linafalitsidwa masewera njinga, amene kutenga nkhani zonse za mfundo zida akatswiri, ndipo mu nkhani iyi makamaka thupi wamkazi.

Njinga Ana

Kudziwa gulu ndi njinga tinapangidwa owerenga wamng'ono. Pali mitundu ikuluikulu yotsatirayi:

1. Tricycles. Kugula iwo ana. njinga uyu ana a chaka alibe matayala ndi machubu, kufala unyolo. Kuchokera mwa iwo, ndi zinthu zina zambiri.

njinga 2. Ana chaka chimodzi mpaka zaka zitatu. Kale matayala ndi machubu, yabwino kwambiri ndiponso yosavuta phazi ananyema. Kwa mtendere wa wopanga galimoto wapereka mu izo angapo mawilo zina zazing'ono. Chimango Masamu ndi njinga amenewa kwambiri saganizira, amene amaonetsetsa otetezedwa mwana wanu mu kugwa. Pa sprockets ndi unyolo ndi alonda gudumu alipo.

3. ana zaka 3 mpaka 5. galimoto zili ndi mawilo mu mainchesi 14-16. Pali zitsanzo ngati dzanja kapena phazi mabuleki.

4. ana zaka 5-9. zitsanzo izi ofanana ndi akulu. Iwo ali amphumphu gudumu awiri mainchesi 18-20, imathamanga angapo, komanso awiri ananyema (manja ndi miyendo). Zolemba malire chitonthozo mwana kupereka wapadera kuyimitsidwa foloko.

5. ana zaka 9-12. zitsanzo izi ndi zambiri wosiyana akuluakulu. zinalengedwera zikuphatikizapo yekha yocheperako chimango kukula ndi 24 inchi awiri mawilo.

opanga

Pakali pano, nkhani wakhala kwambiri makampani njinga. Komabe, malinga ndi zimene akatswiri ambiri ndi owerenga, atsogoleri a magulu American ali pakati opanga ndi njinga. Ena mwa iwo ndi izi:

1. Cannondale. Izi wopanga American amapereka kwambiri quality, koma pa nthawi yomweyo njinga mtengo.

2. Ndinamverera. Nkhani chikalata pansi mtundu uwu mu United States ndi magulu a mtengo kachestvai.

3. Gary Fisher. Izi amerikansike njinga ndi chokulungira kwambiri ndi chimango kuwala.

4. GT umabala njinga anthu amene akufuna losavuta ndi odalirika zoyendera awiri mawiro mtengo wololera.

Pali opanga ena ambiri, amene mankhwala ali otchuka kwambiri. Izi kampani German Bergamont. Zokopa njinga apamwamba kwambiri m'misewu. Popular phiri msewu njinga Italy mtundu Bianchi. njinga zabwino komanso opangidwa ku Taiwan, China ndi Asia.