Mannlicher mfuti: mbiriyakale, mtengo. Mpeni kuti Mannlicher mfuti

Pakati pa manja wamng'ono, wolengedwa mwa 1890s, ndi mfuti Mannlicher ndi chochititsa chidwi. Ake zinalengedwa ndi Ferdinand Mannlicher mu 1895. Mwachibadwa, anthu anapanga wakhala dzina lake polemekeza mlengi wake. Tikhoza kunena kuti Mannlicher mfuti anali ndi mbali zapadera, kotero izo zinkawoneka akutsutsana pa maziko a manja ena ochepa nthawi. Koma tiyeni tikambirane za chirichonse mu dongosolo.

A mbiri pang'ono

Kubwereza mfuti Mannlicher mu 1895 Analeredwa ndi asilikali Austria ndi Hungary. M'masiku awo anali odalirika kwambiri ndi zolondola chida. tate wake anali Ferdinand Mannlicher gunsmith ntchito pa imodzi mwa mafakitale zida Steyr. Kuyambira mu 1895 mpaka 1918 mu Budapest ndi Steyr anapangidwa pafupifupi 3 miliyoni mfuti, ndi zosintha zosiyanasiyana (mfuti, Sniper mfuti). Izi zida waung'ono wotchedwa "M95".

Pambuyo kugwa kwa mfuti Austria ndi Hungary anakhalabe muutumiki ndi Austria ndi Hungary. Iwo ayenera kukumbukira kuti chidwi chiwerengero cha mfuti ya mtundu umenewu anali mu Italy. Komabe, dziko alibe popanga iwo ndipo analandira basi monga zikho. Kale mu 1924 chida n'kukhala German Mauser 7,92 mamilimita katiriji. Mbali khalidwe anali pamaso pa kanthawi mbiya ndi Mauzerovskogo tatifupi. Mfundo za Mannlicher mfuti ankagwiritsa ntchito, monga pafupifupi chitsanzo.

Ena chidwi mabuku a mbiri yakale

Mu 1930, ku Austria, anaganiza kusintha mfuti chambered 8h56R, pakuti anali amphamvu kwambiri. kusintha kwambiri zagwira thunthu, umene kwambiri adzafupikitsidwa ndipo manja yaing'ono walandira latsopano, modernized kuona.

Potsatira wamakono wa Austria ndi Hungary anali pachibwenzi. Dziwani kuti mfuti Chihangare, komanso Austria, ankagwiritsa ntchito pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World. Mu 1885 Mannlicher anayamba sitolo ndi mkangano potsegula. Ntchito limodzi mzere sitolo mu paketi zitsulo, zimene mpaka kumaliseche chonse makaseti a. Mokulira Mannlicher mfuti anali zosavuta ntchito, koma nthawi zina kusokeretsedwa msilikali. Nthawi zina zimakhala zosiyana, monga mwachitsanzo pang'ono.

Direct bawuti

Tikhoza kunena kuti bauti mwachindunji poyerekeza ndi makina anali ndi ubwino ndi kuipa. Mpheroyi thupi cylindrical ndi chiongoko kotenga ndi chipata shank ndi Onyamula Zazitali Ayi. The gawo lamkati linali zitunda mwauzimu, iwo anagwirizana ndi grooves ukubwera pa shank ndi.

Sizachilendo pachipata mchira anali choyambitsa, amene amalola kuti pamanja Tambala yowotcha pini popanda kutsegula shutter yokha. Ngati ife kudzayankhula afotokoza ubwino wa chisankho chotere, ndi kuphweka kwa kupanga. Komabe, panali kwambiri zovuta. Waukulu wa iwo - tilinazo fumbi. Komanso, chipata mzere, monga kuyenera makina, mukhoza kupereka m'zigawo wamkulu wa kudzanja, amenenso sangathe. Komanso pa zenera kuti eject paketiyo, amene ali kukula chidwi, nthawi zonse kunja zoipa ndi madzi.

Mannlicher carbine: specifications luso

Chinthu chapadera cha mfuti chitsanzo 1895 anali adzafupikitsidwa mbiya, kuona ndi akweza bedi. Pankhaniyi, tinali ndi katiriji muyezo ndi chipata molunjika, amene, monga ife kale asanaganize, si popanda zovuta zake. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti alibe ndi mpeni mfuti Austria ndi Hungary asilikali. Mannlicher sinabweretse. Pankhaniyi, carabiner kale mlandu basi mwamsanga ndipo mosavuta monga Baibulo oyenda, amene anapereka mwayi yokulirapo nkhondo. Komanso, chida kunathandiza ochepa ndi otsika kulemera, kotero izo zikhoza kuchitidwa pa phewa popanda ndalama kwambiri mphamvu. Chotero carbine amene recharged pa kavalo, ndi mphamvu lama fuyusi ndi pa mlingo mkulu.

Abwino apakavalo

Large mfuti "Mannlicher" otchuka 1895 mwayi troopers lapansi. Mfundo yake sitinganene kuti chinachake zodabwitsa. Chifukwa kutchuka ichi chinali choona kuti phindu ofunika kwambiri monga ndalama ndi mphamvu yapamwamba. Nkhondo, ndi chabe irreplaceable khalidwe. Tikhoza kunena kuti Mauser ndi "trehlineyki" kwambiri otsika m'njira zambiri chida ichi. Koma zovuta, ndiye, monga momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa, izi monga kuchuluka kudziwa fumbi ndi uve, komanso gulu lalikulu ntchito pamene ntchito ndi shutter lapansi. Komabe, ndi luso chifukwa, onse yoyamba ndi yachiwiri drawback mosavuta inathetsedwa. Linzake, magulu oyenda percussion, komanso Cossacks zambiri ankagwiritsa ntchito "Mannlicher", monga zinali zamphamvu ndi mlingo wa moto. M'manja angathe mfuti uyu anakhala chida wakupha.

Austria "Mannlicher": Sniper mfuti

Pamene inu mukhoza kuganiza, apa tiona manja yaing'ono, osati 1900s. Izi mfuti odana materiel anali kupanga Austria Zida Factory "Steyr". Yopangidwa chida anali mu 2004. Cholinga cha zida ndi kuwononga snipers mdani, komanso mu ntchito yokonza moto pa ndege ndi magalimoto mopepuka oti muli nazo zida. Ntchito kuwomba katiriji "browning .50", komanso kusinthidwa .460 Steyr.

Chinthu chidwi ndi chida ichi si shopu, monga mfuti zambiri zamakono Sniper, ndi singly mlandu bawuti kutsetsereka. Picatinny njanji amalola ntchito yoyenera mu anapatsidwa Optics zinthu. Kutsogolo kwa bedi ili bipod, iwo ndi chosinthika mu msinkhu. Kuti muchepetse pa gawo kumbuyo kwa mbuyo ali ndi absorber mphira mantha. Tikhoza kunena kuti ichi ndi othandiza kwambiri "Mannlicher". Sniper mfuti wa mtundu uwu limachititsa kupulumutsa umalimbana moto pa mtunda wa 1.5 Km.

ndi "Mannlicher-Carcano" ndi chiyani?

Sizachilendo kupeza mawu monga "Mannlicher-Carcano". Ambiri ayamba kuganiza kuti uku ndiko kusinthidwa wina zida zankhondo M95, koma penapake yolakwika. Apa tikukamba za katiriji unitary kuti yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi asilikali Italy pa 1 ndi 2 World nkhondo.

Iye anasonyeza kwambiri pa ranges mamita 200-300. Mphamvu ntchito kwa katiriji wapakatikati. Komanso "Mannlicher-Carcano" ntchito ndi Finns nkhondo yolimbana Soviet Union. M'tsogolo, asilikali Chifinishi anali atakonzekera ndi zida zazing'ono "Carcano", limene linalibe kanthu kochita ndi Mannlicher. Pulezidenti Kennedy anawomberedwa ndi thandizo la "Mannlicher-Carcano." Mfuti pansi katiriji izi sanakhazikitse n'komwe, koma ena zitsanzo akhala reworked. M'mamyuziyamu ano angapezeke chakale chitsanzo slug ndi yosamveka ogive. Iwo m'malo ndi zisonga, amene ankaona aluso ndi penetrative.

"Mannlicher" kusaka mfuti

"Steyr" Kampani alipo lero. agwira walola kuti apange zida zolinga zosiyanasiyana. Pano mukhoza kupeza mfuti zoopsa, mfuti Sniper, carbines ndi mfuti kusaka. Tili ndi chidwi chofuna basi mfundo wotsiriza, umene ife kulankhula. Chinthu choyamba chimene ine ndikufuna kutchula otchedwa zapamwamba, umene SBS 96 Classic. chida Izi zida ndi kutembenuzira bawuti kutsetsereka, amene amalola kuti mwamsanga ndi efficiently recharged. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti ngati chitetezo dothi ndi fumbi ntchito milled chipata ufa. Komabe, ikusonyeza kumapeto, ku zinthu zachilengedwe, si yatsekera. Gulani-kuchokera pa zipolopolo 4. Chachisanu chipolopolo akhoza tidzakwatulidwa anatumiza mwachindunji thunthu. Pakuti kusaka ndi wokwanira.

Kuwombera rifled "Mannlicher"

Akatswiri Russian unachitikira kuwombera. Tikuyesa zinachitikadi osati pa amaphunzirira kuwombera, komanso mwachindunji Ulenje. Mu nthawi yophukira-yozizira rifled mfuti SBS 96 Classic anasonyeza kuti mbali yabwino. Pali mphamvu yapamwamba ndi olondola ndipo mfuti lapansi. Mu kusaka Boar zakutchire anapangidwa (kuchokera pa mtunda wa mamita 90) ndi mbawala. Ntchito 13-gram chipolopolo "Kon Point."

Koma kuipa, ndi imodzi yokha ndi zonyozeka. Ndi opanda mu mphira kumbuyo mbale amene damps ndi dzuwa osakwanira. alenje, ndipo akatswiri amanena za "omnivorous" mfuti. Zotsatira ntchito zosiyanasiyana zida anali kwambiri. Ambiri tinganene kuti "Mannlicher" - wosaka mfuti, amene ali abwino kwa kusaka ndi Russian. Carabiner kuwala, cholimba ndi omasuka, koma ndi maganizo tcheru kwambiri. Koma drawback izi mwasiya kuzindikira pambuyo akatemera ochepa.

Austria mfuti "Mannlicher": mtengo wa zida

Kumene, kupeza dongosolo mu malonda mu 1895 kapena 1886 kumasulidwa zosatheka. Ndi yakale yoyendera weniweni, ndipo kuti ngati mukhoza kugula kwa ndalama zambiri kwambiri ndalama. Koma kampani "Steyr" bwinobwino umabala chida chake lero. Mfuti ntchito ndi alenje kuzungulira dziko, misonkhano chinsinsi ndi asilikali. Komabe, kwa anthu ambiri ndi okwera mtengo.

Mwachitsanzo, 300VM Carbine CM12 ndalama 200-220 zikwi rubles. Pobwezera, inu mumatenga kwambiri mankhwala khalidwe ndi shopu pa zipolopolo 3. A bedi anapanga mtedza 4 kalasi (mkulu-mphamvu), chimene chiri chofunika kwambiri ntchito yogwira, ndipo ali ndi mphira angadzachite PAD. Kuposa njira bajeti - SBS 96 ProHunter. carbine Izi ndalama 170 zikwi rubles. Pochepetsa zotsatira za zovuta backplate kapangidwe ntchito. Palinso wolandila, wakupatsani kukhazikitsa pa Optics mfuti. Ambiri, kudalira ndalama kuchokera rubles 150 mpaka 250 zikwi. Ndikhulupirireni, ichi ndi mtengo ndithu zomveka kuti "Mannlicher". Mfuti amene mtengo kungakhale lapamwamba, kwambiri apamwamba ndipo ali ndi zabwino maonekedwe.

Ntchito East

Monga tanenera kale pang'ono pamwambapa, "Mannlicher" anali chimagwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lonse. Osati zosiyana ndi ya mfumu Russian Army. Pambuyo kusintha ulamuliro wa linga wa Port Arthur asilikali Russian, monga zikho za Qing asilikali, ali ambiri mfuti Mannlicher 1886 nyemba chaka. Mu izi katiriji ntchito ndi wakuda ufa, ndi chipata pomwe, monga mfuti ena a zaka.

Mu 1904, ntchito otchedwa artisanal mfuti yagwiridwira. Kwenikweni ake kwagona kuti chimango matabwa unali wolunjika kwa 5-8 mfuti Mannlicher chimene anagwiritsa ntchito moto pa ananyoza mdani. dongosolo ankatchedwa "Shmetillo" polemekeza Mlengi.

Mpeni pa mfuti ndi

muyezo ntchito tesachnym mpeni tsamba. mwayi waukulu ndi otsika kulemera - 280 magalamu. Pankhaniyi kutalika inali pafupi 260 mamilimita ndi luso malowedwe ndi mkulu. Zimenezi zimathandiza kusonyeza mdani kuchokera kanthu mwamsanga ndi mogwira mtima. Komanso Dziwani ndi kuti mpeni kuti Mannlicher mfuti anali ankavala ndipo anaika yekha likafunika nkhondowo pafupi.

Kwambiri zosavuta mpeni, mfuti kudalirika zophwanya wa moto ndi mphamvu zowononga - ubwino zinachititsa chakuti "Mauser" ankapangidwa panthawi ya nkhondo zosavuta. Chifukwa imeneyi, mu 1916, anatenga Austria ndi Hungary zitsulo aziwapatsa mfuti izi. Nthawi zambiri zimenezi zinachitika chifukwa chakuti Germany liri ndi zoyenereza za kupanga zida ndi angakumasuleni mu ambiri anagwirizana asilikali. "Manliherovtsy" akhala wotchuka kwa ndithu kanthawi, kuwonjezera, ngati mfuti anakonda akapitawo, ndi bwino ntchito iwo pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World.