Ndipo n'chifukwa chiyani panali tsiku mayiko ndi Corruption?

Society wakhala anatchula njira ziwiri za ziphuphu. Koma kuyambira m'zaka za m'ma 18 mochedwa, zinthu zinasintha kwambiri. The chiphiphiritso chachikulu cha kusintha aufulu mu West chinali chifukwa chakuti boma zida akhoza unalipo kuti athandize anthu kumugonjera. Choncho, nzika za "kudyetsa" boma chosinthana zoletsedwa ndi malamulo a akuluakulu. Komanso, monga womulera mu 1787 malamulo US, kulandira ziphuphu ndi mlandu woopsa umene ngakhale pulezidenti akhoza impeached. Anthu ambiri akufuna awo kuti nthawi ya kukhazikitsidwa kwa lamulo limeneli tsiku la tsiku lokumbukira nkhondo yolimbana ndi ziphuphu ndi kukondwerera pa maziko pachaka. Koma boma siligwirizana kugula ichi dziko.

Society ochuluka motengera khalidwe la ntchito za andale. Ndi kumangika kwa lamulo boma ndi zipani nkhawa kwambiri anali Makanema oimira kuipitsidwa m'zamalonda ndi osankhika ndale. Akuluakulu anamvetsa bwino lomwe kufunika kwa zosangalatsa kulimbana ndi ziphuphu. Koma zonsezi ukhala pa mlingo wa zokambirana.

Komanso mbiri ya katangale chifukwa ayambe ubale zachuma padziko lonse. M'mayiko osiyanasiyana kulowa zimenezi ndi ogula yachilendo, ndi malamulo kuphatikizapo ndalama za "mphatso" mu mtengo wa kukambirana.

Nthawi lodziwika

Kale panali la International Anti-Corruption Tsiku mu America Kenako ananena mwamphamvu kumuyalutsa yokhudza odziwika kampani "Lockheed". Zogulitsa a ndege, lomwe sanali kwambiri quality, kunapatsa ziphuphu lalikulu kwa akuluakulu ndi andale ku Japan, Germany ndi mayiko ena. Pafupifupi kuchokera nthawi anthu anayamba kuganiza kuti ichi pa mavuto padziko lonse kulepheretsa chitukuko cha mgwirizano wa mayiko.

No zazing'ono ndi zitsanzo za chivundi m'mayiko pambuyo chikominisi mu mgugu 90, pamene alili wa zodabwitsazi angayerekezedwe ndi mavuto m'mayiko osauka.

Nthawi zambiri, pali zinthu paradoxical pamene munthu yemweyo unachitikira udindo wofunika kwambiri malonda ndi anthu kumabungwe. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, ambiri mwa nduna za lamulo la amachita zimenezi kudzera ziphuphu, komanso kuteteza ake zofuna mwini malonda.

zoipa za m'dzikoli

M'kupita kwa nthawi, dera lonse wabwera kunena kuti katangale - loyipa, kuvulaza munthu wina, gulu la anthu kapena boma osiyana, ndi kuzungulira dziko. maganizo sanali anapangidwa kuchokera zikande. chifukwa lonse linali chachikulu ziphuphu ndi mabungwe akuluakulu okalamba kunja. Ziphuphu akulephera chitukuko m'mayiko ambiri, zikuwononga moyo wa malonda padziko lonse. Mmenemonso, kumene zodabwitsazi wafika mlingo wokweretsa, sanali okha World Chachitatu: Mu zaka 90 mu m'mayiko amene kale zokomera, ndondomeko liberalization anali limodzi ndi nkhanza sangaganize mphamvu. Against maziko awa, ena States aganiza kuti nkhondo yolimbana ndi umbanda ndi chivundi patsogolo ndondomeko zawo zapakhomo. Inu.

"1995 - chaka chibvundi"

Ichi ndi mutu wakuti owerenga anaona Chaka Chatsopano nkhani ya "Financial Times" nyuzipepala patsamba loyamba. M'nkhani, US makampani-Waogula Zinthu Kunja amene amadandaula kuti iwo anataya Mapangano lalikulu chifukwa malamulo achilendo amene amaletsa kupereka ziphuphu kwa akuluakulu a mayiko ena. M'malo mwake, mu maiko ambiri OSCE ziphuphu ndi zibwenzi kumayiko ena yoletsedwa ndipo ngakhale akhoza deducted zolinga msonkho. Mwachitsanzo, mabungwe German anali kuthera pa izo za $ 5.5 biliyoni. Pachaka. Kusintha zinthu Akuluakulu ena European ngakhale bungwe ndalama zogulira nkhondo yolimbana ndi ziphuphu. Koma m'kupita kwa nthawi, ina, njira zosavuta. Kumapeto kwa 1997, mayiko onse OSCE kuti walemba basi "Msonkhano kulimbana ndi ziphuphu la anthu achilendo, mu ntchito padziko lonse."

kugwirizana UN

Mu 2003 panali mwambo yofunika kwambiri m'mbiri ya katangale. Chifukwa cha United Nations nkhani ya kulimbana zodabwitsazi anaikidwa mlingo padziko lonse. Mu November, mwezi, ndi General Assembly anatenga "United Nations Convention ndi Corruption". chikalata ichi linatsegulidwa kwa siginecha 9 December 2003 m'tauni yaing'ono ya Merida (Mexico). Malinga kanthu UN, anati tsiku analengeza monga la International Tsiku Anti-Corruption. States kuti agwirizana kusaina Convention, anavomereza kuti ndalama mwachinyengo, kuba ndalama bajeti, ndi ziphuphu - ndi kukhumudwa chigawenga. Ndipo chimodzi mwa zinthu kwa bukuli kuwerenga motere: "ndalama ayenera anabwelera ku dzikoli kumene iwo anabwera chifukwa cha zochita za ziphuphu." Russia anasaina Convention oyamba.

Patapita zaka khumi

December 9, 2013 wadutsa yotsatira Mayiko Anti-Corruption Day, ndi ndendende zaka khumi kuyambira kusaina panganoli UN. Pa nthawi, bukuli lili anasaina wa mayiko 140. m'mayiko 80 kuti linalowa nawo m'Pangano Lokhudza. Pakati pawo, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Russia, Latvia, Kyrgyzstan, Belarus, Azerbaijan ndi Ukraine. Pa nsonga otsiriza, pamene "Big makumi" onse m'gulu m'dziko lake analonjeza kuti zofunika kulemba panganoli UN.

Pomaliza

Mu 2013, pamaso anapitirira Tsiku mayiko a nkhondo yolimbana ndi ziphuphu, World Bank lofalitsidwa deta yake ndalama kunyezimiritsa kukula kwa chodabwitsa pa dziko lonse. M'mayiko osauka, kuchuluka ranged 20 biliyoni 40. Madola chaka.

Malinga "Komiti ya National Anti-Corruption, ndi zolowa pachaka msika Russian katangale ndi biliyoni 300. Madola. Mu 2003, pamene kusaina wa Convention, chithunzi ichi inali nthawi mpaka 100 ang'onoang'ono. Kuti ndi mmene chikalata ichi pa makope achinyengo otaya ndalama wotseguka. Ndipo n'zokayikitsa kuthandiza naŵa ena amene. Ngakhale ngati kumanga thumba mayiko nkhondo yolimbana ndi ziphuphu, zotsatira zake zimakhala za chomwecho.