History of Carnival ku Russia

Mardi Gras - ndi mmodzi mwa anthu ochepa atchuthi ndi zaka za mbiri, amene adakali chikondwerero ndi Russia. Komabe, makumi mipingu, anatulukira kuti mawaya a yozizira pokonzekera Lenti, m'nthawi yathu amadziwika pa mphamvu ya 5-6. Komanso, ambiri sakudziwa nchifukwa chanji ndi pamene anaonekera mu Russia Maslenitsa. Mbiri ya holide ndi chidwi ndi ana amene makamaka anakopeka masewera kusangalala ndi zosangulutsa, komanso zokoma chakudya makolo. Mwachitsanzo, n'kovuta kupeza mwana amene sakonda zikondamoyo ndi zikondamoyo!

matchuthi achikunja

Mipingu ya Spring msonkhano ndi kutsanzikana yozizira panali anthu ambiri amangokhala mu masiku a chikunja. Makamaka, Asilavo kwa nthawi makedzana chikondwerero cha masika yozizira. Komanso pali view zina kuti mbiri ya Carnival inayambira nthawi imene mwambo wolambira mulungu Veles, ndi woyang'anira woyera wa ng'ombe kuswana ndi ulimi. phwando wake imagwera pa 24 ya February kwa kalembedwe latsopano ndi asanachititse msonkhano wa chaka chatsopano, zomwe mpaka 1492, chaka inayamba mu March.

zikondwerero

Ofufuza ambiri amakhulupirira kuti mbiri ya chiyambi cha Carnival kunayamba kalekale. Ndithudi, chikondwerero ofanana ndi mawaya yozizira Asilavo analiko Roma. Pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa Christianity ndi Mfumu Constantine yotsatira 1-2 m'ma pamaso pa mpingo panali funso la kuthetsa chikunja. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, mapwando ambiri a chipembedzo chatsopano anatitumiza padeti logwirizana ndi masiku pamene anaganiza kuti atamande wakale milungu ya Aroma. Makamaka malire a Lenti anali ankatembenukira penapake, ndi m'malo bacchanalian, ndi Saturnalia inachitika akuguba achipembedzo. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, anthu ambiri sadziwa kuti mawu French "Carnival" likumasuliridwa kuti "nyama kutsanzikana," ndipo mu nyimbo ndi dzina wakale wa wachiwiri Russian Maslenitsa - Myasopustu. Pakuti carnivals nthawi yoyamba m'njira zamakono m'mizinda yambiri European anayamba kutenga malo m'zaka za m'ma 9. Ndi nthawi iyi mpingo analimbitsa ake, ndi atsogoleri zochepa mwachangu anamenyana ndi zotsala yachikunja zapitazi, makamaka popeza zoyambirira za sabata tchuthi anali limodzi ndi miyambo ambiri azipembedzo.

History Shrovetide chikondwerero ku Russia: magwero

Amadziwika kuti Chikhristu anabwera kwa ife ku Ufumu wa Byzantine, wolowa ndi chikhalidwe cha Greece wakale. N'chifukwa chake mbiri ya Carnival mu Russia - ndi osakaniza a Asilavo miyambo ndi miyambo Orthodox zikondwerero wowerengeka mu mothamanga-mpaka Lenti. Yotsirizira, nayenso anatuluka ngati kupitiriza kwa akuguba polemekeza mulungu Dionisiyo.

Carnival ndi Lenti

Nthawi zina anthu amakonda idealize m'mbuyomu ndi kuiwala kuti Russia mpaka m'ma 18 anali agrarian dziko, pamene anthu onse amene anali anthu wamba. chitukuko mwachindunji amadalira nyengo, kuti zaka Taphunzira ambiri anali kulimbana ndi chodabwitsa cha njala. Choncho, atsimikize kudya chifukwa ambiri anali mmodzi zosangalatsa zochepa zimene zilipo, choncho tchuthi aliyense inasanduka phwando. Izi zimaonekera makamaka pamene tiganizira za mbiri za chiyambi cha Carnival. Makamaka, akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira kuti Lenti, kupatula apamaliro achipembedzo, ndiponso anali ndi yothandiza. Ndithudi, mochedwa yozizira-oyambirira kasupe wamba kuwachepera chakudya, ndi okhwima kudziletsa analola "kugwiritsitsa" kufikira masika, pamene pali bowa ndi zitsamba. Pa nthawi yomweyo kumayambiriro February ndinayamba calving ng'ombe, kotero izo zinali zambiri mkaka, ntchito kuti batala ndi tchizi. Pa Lenti anatha kukolola ntchito m'tsogolo, kotero pambuyo wamba Isitala anapatsidwa mkulu-kalori chakudya, yomwe inali pafupi kwambiri masiku a yofesa. Pamaso kalekale kusiya atsimikize, alimi ndi oimira magulu ena osangalatsa amachita kususuka. Ndiyeno, pamene nkhaniyo kusanduka zosayembekezereka wa Carnival, izo kudalira zokonda ndi zokonda akalonga ndi mafumu.

Kukondwerera pansi Peter Wamkulu

Mu zoyambirira za m'ma 18 mu Russia muli miyambo European. Makamaka mu 1722, patapita nkhondo protracted ndi Sweden, Mfumu Peter Wamkulu kukakhala nawo pa mapwando oilseed akazembe yachilendo. Kuti kudabwa Europe, chidwi sikunachitekepo anakonza: Mfumu anadutsa chisanu m'chombocho, kukopedwa ndi akavalo sikisitini, ndiponso "akuyandama" ndi mpandadenga ndi Catherine mfumukazi ankavala ngati munthu wamba yosavuta. Ndipo izo siziri zonse! Pakuti personages achifumu kusuntha zombo zina, kukopedwa ndi nyama zosiyanasiyana anagwira bwalo. Zonsezi anali limodzi ndi nyimbo mokweza ndi chiwalitsiro, ndipo anapanga omvera chidwi.

Chikondwerero cha Carnival pansi Catherine II

History of Carnival ndipo lili masamba ena chidwi kugwirizana ndi dzina la Catherine II. Makamaka, iwo anayambitsa mwambo kukonza Gras akuguba mu Moscow, amene adagwidwa ndi bwalo lonse kumapeto kwa dzinja. Kwa nthawi yoyamba chowonetsedwa onse okhala m'mizinda ndiponso ochokera kwina anali okhoza kusangalala tsiku la coronation wa Mfumukazi. Monga gulu anali anthu 4,000 anapezeka ndi 200 magaleta.

Palinso nkhani ya zikondwerero Carnival, zokhudzana ndi nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Catherine II: pa nthawi ya kubadwa kwa mdzukulu Alexander Mfumukazi anakonza mapwando a kufanana ndi kale lonse. Makamaka, amadziwika kuti bwalo, omwe anakhala opambana pa masewera, anayamba chakudya, anapatsidwa mphatso yamtengo wapatali. Madzulo imodzi yokha Mfumukazi anagulitsa 150 zodzikongoletsera, umene Mardi Gras 1777 chaka analipatsa dzina Daimondi.

miyambo

History of Carnival akugwirabe patsogolo pathu za miyambo wapadera. Pa nthawi yomweyo athu makolo pancake sabata anali zojambulidwa ndi tsiku, ndipo aliyense anali ndi dzina lapadera:

"Msonkhano" - Lolemba;

"Zaigrysh" -vtornik;

"Gourmand" - malo;

"Lonse-Razguliay Lachinayi a" - Lachinayi;

"Teschin Vecherki" - Lachisanu;

"Zolovkina misonkhano" - Loweruka;

"Kukhululuka Tsiku" - Sunday.

Anali ntchito otchuka monga siketing'i ndi zithunzi ayezi ndi wakwera, miyambo kugwirizana ndi latsopanolo, akuguba cha maskers, chibakera ndewu ndi mpikisano gulu. Mwachitsanzo, ophunzira igrishch anagawidwa m'magulu awiri ndi kumenyedwa kapena cams anakonza pa adani a m'tawuni chisanu. Ndipo, ndithudi, Carnival zikanakhala Sindingachite popanda moto opangidwa kuti kuyang'ana mu madera osiyana mu njira zosiyana.

kuchiza

Monga tanenera kale, Carnival unali mwayi womaliza kudya chakudya chabwino pamaso pa nthawi Lenti. chakudya Traditional inkakhala mkaka (kirimu kanyumba tchizi, tchizi) ndi mazira, komanso mitundu yonse ya mankhwala ufa, monga tchizi mikate, zikondamoyo, pryazhentsy, lozenges ndi nthambi. Koma zakumwa, makonda moŵa.

Phwando Maslenitsa: Nkhani ana

Kupulumutsa miyambo Russian anthu n'chofunika kwambiri kuti accustom ana chikhalidwe chawo kuyambira ndili wamng'ono. Izi imakhudzanso Shrovetide. Ndipotu holide - mmodzi mwa anthu ochepa amene yatsikira kwa ife pafupifupi sichinasinthe. Aphunzitsi akulangizidwa kuyamba kuzolowerana ndi ana Carnival ndi nkhani yomwe padangokhala makolo athu, ndatopa yaitali yozizira, anaganiza ake kusangalala. Ndipo mochuluka bwanji popanda masewera ana ndi zosangalatsa! Choncho, kupangidwa Mpikisanowo azithunzithunzi imene ophunzira ndikanakhoza kupeza ndani pakati pawo ndi wolimba koma wochenjera anzake.

Komanso, ngati mukufuna kukonza tchuthi ku sukulu ya mkaka "Mardi Gras: nkhani ana," aima ndi ana kuphunzira zosiyanasiyana nthabwala, nthabwala. Ngakhale kuti iwo anapanga zaka zingapo zapitazo, lero iwo ali ndi chida chabwino familiarizing ana chikhalidwe mtundu wawo.

Tsopano inu mukudziwa momwe kukondwerera Maslenitsa mu Russia. Mbiri ya holide ladzala ndi mfundo chidwi kuti adzakhala chidwi kuti akulu ndi ana omwe.