Ndudu wabwino ku Russia

Nthawi yoyamba pambuyo isanayambike fodya ndi chitoliro kusuta anali yapamwamba ndi azimuth kudzikondweretsa, koma pamene manufactory kuvala mtsinje, ndudu zimachitika choipa ndi choipa kwambiri chizolowezi. Ngakhale odana ndi kusuta kumbali ndipo anali ndi kupambana pakati unyamata, "kutsetsereka ndi" iwo chaku masewera ndi zina zosangalatsa wowona, kusuta akadali wachiwiri lonse pafupifupi dziko lonse.

A mbiri pang'ono

Zonse zinayamba Atapeza chomera yosavuta kulimira North America Amwenye. Choyamba, iwo ntchito pa kutafuna, koma kenako anaphunzira atakulungidwa mu masamba ndi pokoka mpweya utsi mu mapapo. Choncho kupangidwa ndudu choyamba.

Pambuyo zikuluzikulu kufala kwa mayiko fodya ndi ena ofanana akhala apamwamba ndi ndudu wabwino. Pamodzi ndi kutchuka kwake anakula mpikisano, motero, ndipo zosiyanasiyana. Industrialists akuyesera kuti tisangalatse ndi kuwakopera view ogula kukoma ndi makhalidwe ena a malonda awo.

Ndi kumwa fodya, palibe amene poyera ayitana, koma chiwerengero cha anthu osuta fodya, pamodzi ndi chiwerengero cha malonda ndudu nthawi zonse kukula. Nkhaniyi itithandiza yesani kuyankha funso Chikondi chikuni makamaka fodya, ndipo tiyeni ndudu bwino mu Russia, malinga ndi akatswiri odziwa malonda ndi osuta wamba.

Marlboro

Brand ndi kampani imodzi Philip Morris, chifukwa amene adawona kuwala kwa Marlboro ndudu, imatengedwa ngati mmodzi wa zopangidwa wotchuka ndi kuzindikira mu dziko. Malinga ndi dongosolo lapachiyambi la opanga Marlboro mtundu pathupi yekha kwa bwalo wamkazi wa osuta, ndipo izi kupangidwa ndi lamizeremizere yofiira sefa ndudu kuti kubisa kuda atadzipaka mmilomo.

Koma pakati pa zaka mazana makumi awiri Marlboro likukula ake "lathu" ndi mtundu kale bwino pabwino ndudu kwa akazi, ndi m'munsili kapangidwe mapaketi mu mawonekedwe a mivi ndi nkhope ya kampani - woweta mahatchi. Pa nthawi ya mapangidwe mtundu monga mtundu amuna ndudu wayamba anthu ambiri lonse, chimakankhira ndi mpikisano lolemekezeka msika.

Mpaka lero, mtundu uwu chotchuka kwambiri padziko lonse, amabala ndudu bwino, kumenya ogula zosiyanasiyana ake: kukula, kulawa, kamangidwe, malonda subliminal, poyimirira ndi zinthu zina.

Marlboro mwachangu othandizira zochitika zazikulu ngati "chilinganizo 1", kumene kuli kovuta kulingalira galimoto McLaren kapena Ferrari popanda kuika mtundu chizindikiro. Mosakayikira, Marlboro akhoza zimachitika m'gulu la "ndudu bwino", ndemanga zimene zikuyendera.

Winston

mtundu unatchedwa tauni North Carolina - Winston-Salem. The paketi woyamba adadza pa msonkhano mzere mu 1954, kenako mtundu amapangidwa RJ Reynolds fodya. Patapita akugonjetsa wa United States, mtundu mwamphamvu anagwirizira udindo waukulu kuchokera 1966 mpaka mu 1972.

Ngakhale wosuta kwambiri fastidious mukhoza kusankha fodya wabwino pakati zosiyanasiyana amene akuimira mu msika mtundu Winston.

Chimodzi mwa zinthu zazikulu za kutchuka wamkulu wa mtundu - chilinganizo chinsinsi cha fodya, anabweretsa kuchokera Nicaragua ndi Brazil. Pang'onopang'ono komanso zothandiza yopanga ndudu analola mtundu wolawako zofewa ndi wapadera.

Mu mtundu uwu wa ndudu, pali wina chidwi Mbali - iwo kuwotcha pang'onopang'ono, amene anayamikira osuta ambiri, pakati pa mafani ndi nthawi yambiri kusangalala kukoma ndi fungo la Winston.

Ziribe kanthu mtundu wanji wa chizindikiro mungakonde, mtundu nthawizonse kukupatsani ndudu bwino. Mu Russia, mafani izi mtundu zambiri ndudu ndi kudzikondweretsa kukoma ndi angakwanitse mtengo anapeza ake Russian ogula.

Winston amaitanira wosuta aliyense ndi njira yabwino kwambiri kalembedwe, kukoma ndi ochititsa utomoni lapansi. Lero ndi imodzi yabwino kugulitsa ndi lalikulu zopangidwa mu dziko, ndipo monga Marlboro, akuchita zochita zikuluzikulu masewera ndi zina yausangalatsi.

wofatsa Zisanu

mtundu Izi wotchuka ku maiko azungu ndipo wakhala zikomo wotchuka kwa zothandizira gulu anagona, "chilinganizo-1" - Benetton. Mutu wa "ndudu bwino" ndiponso kuzindikira mayiko adalandira chifukwa cha khama la kampani Japanese Japan Fodya Inc. Mwa njira, chimodzimodzi monga Japan ndi kugula mtundu uwu mu chiŵerengero cha 45% dziko: zaka 28 za mtundu Japanese ndi nambala 1.

Poyamba, kampani anali kubala okha Tokyo, koma kenako mwapatsidwa chilolezo ku Switzerland kwa Kukwezeleza msika European. Wofatsa Zisanu ndi ziwiri zokha umabala mitundu itatu waukulu wa ndudu: wapachiyambi, kuwala ndi kopitilira muyeso-kuwala. makhalidwe ake ali kungafanane ofanana Marlboro ndipo muli mpweya wake fyuluta adamulowetsa.

ngamila

Ngati mwapemphedwa: "Kodi ndinu Abwino ndudu" - ndiye ichi mndandanda ilipo ngamila. mtundu Iyi ndi nthawi yoyamba mu United States zachitika kukoma lokha, kusuta fodya ku Virginia ndi Turkey. Paketi ya ndudu ndi nthawi kuzindikira padziko zikomo dziko ndi kamangidwe kake wapadera ndi catchy makoti.

Monga Winston, ngamila ndudu kuwotcha pang'onopang'ono, kulola yaitali kusangalala kukoma kwa mtunduwu. Imodzi mwa zizindikilo za mtundu - ndi okhutira mkulu wa phula chikonga poyerekeza zopangidwa ena, nchifukwa chake iwo anazindikira ndipo anazindikira anthu onse monga ndudu zabwino mu Russia ndi CIS.

Ngamila - mmodzi mwa apainiya a makampani a fodya kwa zaka zingapo zaka mazana makumi awiri, iwo unali mtundu bwino kugulitsa mu dziko. Mpaka lero, mafani iye sanali zochepa, ndipo mu mtundu uwu atumwi anazindikira mafano a makampani a fodya. Yekha lalikulu mpikisano kwa mtundu - osachepera bwino Marlboro.

kampaniyo anapezerapo msonkhano mzere wake pa chiyambi cha zikomo m'ma khama la RJ Reynolds. Ngakhale zaka mtundu zobisika wake, ndi chachikulu zimasiyanitsa mbali ya mtunduwu akanali yemweyo - kusankha bwino ndi Turkey fodya.

Masiku ano wopanga ngamila - Japan Fodya mayiko - akuchita zonse zotheka kuti apulumutse miyambo onse ankakonda ndi udindo wa "ndudu yopambana", kuchulukitsa chidziwitso wakale ndi watsopano wodziwa momwe, pamodzi ndi mamangidwe choyambirira ndi zochitika zina malonda.

L & M

Philip Morris mtundu wina wotchuka wa ndudu - L & M (Liggett & Myers). kupangidwa inayamba mu 1953 ndipo iwo ali ndi chitsanzo cha khalidwe ndi kugula. mankhwala ali chachikulu stylistic osiyanasiyana kuti zigwirizane iliyonse kukoma ndi mtundu.

Akuphulikira pa msika wa fodya, mtundu yomweyo atatchuka zikomo ake ku umisiri wotsogola wa imathandiza utomoni, izo ndi Dziwani kuti poyamba anapezerapo mu yopanga ndudu ndi sefa woyera.

Atalandidwa opanga pa US kusankha kukhazikitsa ulimi mu Europe, ndi Patapita zaka zingapo L & M wobwezera polarity chizindikiro chachinayi mu dziko. Sales peaked mu 2009, pamene mtundu anatha kuzindikira zoposa 100 biliyoni. Mayunitsi L & M.

wosuta aliyense adzatha kunyamula chinachake nokha kwa mzere L & M pa mtengo angakwanitse, anali kuposa fodya wabwino. Mu Russia, mtundu anapezanso ogula awo, onse pakati pa amuna ndi akazi.

kampani mosamalitsa imakhudzanso nthambi iliyonse, choncho makasitomala otsimikiza kuti linanena bungwe nthawizonse kulandira zabwino kwambiri, khirisipi ndi woyengeka kununkhira ndi mkulu-ntchito patatu utomoni kusefera.

Brand sizidalira n'kukhutira chake ndipo zonse kufunafuna latsopano "chimachititsanso", pakuika ndalama yaikulu mu chitukuko cha malonda fodya ndi kudziwa momwe.

pall kumsika

Back mu 1899, kale wotchuka kampani Butler & Butler ndudu linakhazikitsa kalasi "lux" kwa osankhika a anthu. Pambuyo American Fodya anagula ufulu onse ndi mtunduwu, kampani mosalekeza patsogolo ulimi wake, zonse kudziyesa njira yatsopano ndi mawonekedwe a processing fodya ndi ndudu.

Pall kumsika ndudu angatchedwe kholo la mtundu wa mfumu-kukula kutalika 85 mm, ndi njila yatsopano yopangitsa fodya wanu adzakupatsani kukoma softness ndi m'maganizo. Koma khamu sanaleke kuwombera mu 1960 100 mamilimita ndudu.

Ndudu wabwino nthawi zonse chibadidwe mtundu, ndi chizindikiro chake ndi mosavuta kuzindikira chizindikiro cha mafani padziko lonse. Pakali pano, Pall kumsika - mmodzi wa zolengedwa wotchuka British American fodya, mankhwala ake amagulitsidwa m'mayiko oposa 60 padziko lonse.

yamalamulo

Good umafunika ndudu zopangidwa mu 1931 ndi Philip Morris. Mu zopangidwa ake otchuka moyenerera woyeneradi chachisanu wake m'dziko msika wa fodya.

Ndudu amasiyana woyengeka zigawo onunkhira fyuluta kamwa choyambirira popewa kudetsa mano ndi kupereka utsi yozizira. Ngakhale ndudu anawagawira wamphamvu, iwowa ndi wofatsa amakambirana ndi pang'ono vyazkovaty.

Chandamale omvera pulani ya mtundu - anapatsa anthu kwa zaka 50, chimene chiri chofunika kwa chigogomeza mthupi mwawo ndi bwino munthuyo. paketi kapangidwe ndi yosavuta ndi zogwirizana, koma wogula nthawi zonse amadziwa chimene zikuchoka kwambiri khalidwe fodya mtengo pomwe.

Dunhill

Mark anaonekera mu 1907 ndipo amadziwika monga admirer wa miyambo, ndipo monga mlengi wa kukoma wopanda. Pa chiyambi cha XXI atumwi, kampani kwathunthu woomboledwa mastitis British American fodya, ndipo akupitiriza kutsatira yemweyo khalidwe la wosatha miyambo.

The zopangidwa bwino ndudu tinganene nthumwi odziwika a kampani - Dunhill Mfumu Kukula. Ndi odzipereka 100% fodya apamwamba, amene amakonda zosiyanasiyana zonse flavorings ndi zina zina. Mark limakupatsani kuona kukoma lodalirika wa fodya wakale pamodzi ndi fungo zodabwitsa.

Kuyambira chakumapeto kwa 2008, okonza kuti anayambitsa Reloc dongosolo kuti amathandiza kusunga kukoma pristine fodya ndi mapaketi zolimba chidindo.

mwayi Menyani

mtundu izi zikhoza limanenedwa ngati chizindikiro cha fodya American, mbiri yake imachitika kuyambira 1871, pamene Virginia inali kuperekedwa kutafuna fodya mwayi Menyani. Kale kuyambira 1905, mtundu akuyamba kupangidwa mwa mawonekedwe a ndudu, ndipo kenaka anazindikira monga mtundu yabwino ya fodya America.

Chiyambireni cha zaka mazana makumi awiri Fodya mwayi Menyani woyesedwa Frying pa kutentha kwambiri, amene anapereka ndudu munthu kulawa ndi kununkhira wapadera.

Only m'ma makumi awiri za m'ma anagula paketi maonekedwe ake oona woyera ndi bwalo wofiira pakati, pamaso iye anali nondescript wobiriwira. Brand chogulitsidwa m'mayiko oposa 90 padziko lonse ndipo ndi kunyada kwa British American fodya.

Red & White

Philip Morris anayambitsa mtundu uwu zaka zingapo zapitazo mu msika wa fodya, koma mofulumira zodabwitsa chapeza kutchuka mu osuta ambiri, chifukwa mtengo otsika ake, zabwino kwambiri komanso kamangidwe wokongola.

Brand, ali ngati ndudu wabwino kwa munthu wodziwika wopanga anafotokoza. The kampani ndi kutulutsidwa kwa chizindikiro lolunjika makamaka kalasi pakati, kotero mitengo ndi zoyenera kwa wosuta pafupifupi. ndudu awa ali otchuka kwambiri Latvia, Turkey ndi EU.

Polongosola mwachidule

Kusuta - zoipa, ndi funso mwina bwino kwa aliyense mmene kusankha ndudu kwambiri kapena zochepa chabwinobwino m'malo losafuna. Mulimonsemo, si choncho n'kofunika kuti kusuta ndudu, ndipo kodi ndi bwino: kuwala, wamphamvu, menthol kapena kopitilira muyeso-woonda, chifukwa kupha thupi lanu (ndi anthu okuzungulirani bwino) umagwiritsidwa ntchito za chomwecho.

Komabe, posankha zopangidwa awo ayenera kulabadira zili phula chikonga mu ndudu imodzi ndi kupereka mmalo mitengo m'munsi. Ena akatswiri a malamulo odana ndi kusuta asonyeza kuti ulimi wa wosanjikiza utomoni ungachititse amasiyana paketi, m'pamenenso kuti deta palibe macheke wina, kumbukirani.

Koma nthano ya mipope, ndudu zazikulu ndi otetezedwa - ichi wochenjera onse malonda amayendayenda, opanda sayansi ndipo palibe umboni. N'chimodzimodzinso hookah, amene ali kwenikweni ndudu imodzi, mu mawonekedwe zambiri woyengeka.

Choncho chinthu chokha ife tikhoza amalangiza novice wosuta - si kuyamba kusuta fodya, ndi yake - kuponya ntchito zovulaza, chifukwa moyo wa lino kudzakhala kosavuta kwambiri, ndipo lobbyists ambiri padziko lonse posachedwapa kutsogolera chakuti chikonga ukugwira mankhwala ndi ndi m'ziwawa zoletsedwa.