Nthano "Abale Awiri": nanga cholinga cha moyo?

Zolembalemba komanso cha nzeru za ntchito L. N. Tolstogo ndi wofunika kwambiri a m'nthawi yake mibadwo wotsatira, komanso ndale, atsogoleri achipembedzo ndi olemba mayiko ndi anthu onse. Palibe anakhalabe opanda chidwi ndi ntchito yake: palibe French wolemba A. Morua kapena Indian nzeru zapamwamba ndi mtsogoleri wandale Mahatma Gandhi, palibe Russian nzeru zapamwamba vv Rozanov kapena Mkhristu A. Men. Tolstoy ambiri ankaona wosagonjetseka. Ndipo iye anaganiza, analemba, anakonza sukulu ya ana Yasnaya Polyana, ndipo sanaganize za ulemerero wake.

m'sukulu za pulayimale

Pa pantchito wake, anapita ku Ulaya, Leo mu 1859, pamene anali ndi zaka 30, anatsegula sukulu ana wamba, amene anaona tsogolo Lomonosov, Pushkin. M'mawu ena, yokha wapatali. Ophunzira m'sukulu anali pang'ono (makumi asanu ndi awiri), koma anyamata ndi atsikana asanu anali mu izo palimodzi, amene anali osavomerezeka kuyimba sukulu pa nthawi.

Kuweta maphunziro mfundo Tolstoy

Yasnaya Polyana makamaka ophunzitsa amakhulupirira kuti m'pofunika kukula munthu kulenga. Ndipo bwanji? Ana amafunika:

• Ataona;
• kuganiza paokha;
• luso chisoni;
• chidwi ndi chipembedzo.

Komanso ayenera kulemekeza khalidwe la mwanayo ndi kuganizira kuti ali zolakwika.

Kuwonjezera nkhani bwino monga kuwerenga, kulemba, masamu, mbiri, sukulu, kuwerenga mabuku, kuyenda maulendo pabwalopo, m'munda ndi m'munda. Iwo anali nkhani za Great kukonda dziko lako Nkhondo ya 1812, limatiuza nkhani zothandiza. Iwo kunachitika ndi maphunziro ntchito - ukalipentala ndi ana bwino ntchito ulimi. Tolstoy anafuna kupanga zinthu zonse kusangalala ndi zothandiza ana.

mabuku aana

Masiku amenewo, panali chidwi pang'ono ndi ntchito zofunika olembedwa makamaka kwa ana.

L. N. Tolstoy adafuna vutoli. Kuyambira 1862, anayamba kulemba nkhani yochepa, zilembo, nthano, izo ziri zonse kuti ana mosavuta kuphunzira popanda kupanikizika. Mwa iwo nthano, "Abale Awiri", tikambirana pansipa. The ABC anali ndi zojambula, amene Mwachitsanzo nkhani yochepa.

Mothandizidwa ndi Ln Tolstoy sukulu makumi awiri anatsegula anthu oyandikana nawo.

A nthano limatiuzanso monga momwe zilili ndi Leo Tolstoy

Monga nthano akuyamba, "Abale Awiri"? Pa ulendo, kumene abale, mwina akuluakulu waluso pa kuwerenga ndi kulemba. Kamodzi anagona ndi zina masana mu nkhalango. Pamene iwo anadzuka, anaona pafupi ndi mwala, mpamene padali zolemba. Ndicho ngati nthano, "Abale Awiri" ikuyamba. Pang'onopang'ono iwo anamutenga embossed pa izo. Apaulendo akufunsidwa kupita ku dzuwa, kenako kuwoloka mtsinje, ndiye kutenga ana kwa chimbalangondo ndi kuthamanga, osati kuyang'ana mmbuyo kwa phiri. Ndipo idzakhala nyumba, ndi m'nyumba ya chimwemwe kumeneko. Nthano "Abale awiri" akutsegula intonation izi.

Kodi abale

abale, ngakhale kuti banja ndipo analeredwa njira Komabe, anali osiyana. M'bale mkulu anabwera lemba la milandu, othandiza komanso zosavuta. Sanakhulupirire olembedwa, anaona chikuchititsa zimenezi ndi mavuto ambiri ndipo kwambiri ankakayikira kuti chimwemwe angapezeke. Osati kotero kunapezeka kuti zazing'ono. Zinali chikondi, zonse wodzilamulira chikhulupiriro, mtima, olimba mtima. Iye ankafuna mavuto onse ndi kukwaniritsa chimwemwe. Choncho kuyambira pachiyambi penipeni pa nthano, "Abale Awiri" akusonyeza anthu mmene osiyana.

Abale takambirana zonse zimene zinalembedwa mu mwala. Junior anapereka kupita pamodzi kufunafuna chuma chake. Senior anaona zopinga zambiri: mwina ndi bodza onse ndi zimene zinalembedwa mwala, koma ngati zoona, n'zotheka kusochera mu nkhalango, kuti tisiye mu mtsinje, kapena kuwonongeka mu ukapolo chimbalangondo kuteteza ana ake. Ndipo potsiriza, ngati zonse kugonjetsa, ndi sakudziwika ngati chimwemwe chimene iwo ayenera kupereka mwala. Jr. anapereka zifukwa zake: kanthu kulemba palibe munthu adzakhala pa mwala, kuyesetsa kuona chimwemwe m'pofunika, ngati inu mulibe ntchito, sudzakhalanso kukwaniritsa chimwemwe, ndipo potsiriza, iye sanafune kuonedwa wamantha.

Aliyense maganizo ake. Senior anaganiza kuti pachiswe ndi sanapite kulikonse. Njira anapita mng'ono. Popeza ndi nthano, Abale awiri pa izo kwenikweni kulandira onse choyenerera. Mchimwene kuonetsetsa odalirika moyo chete, ndi junior akukhulupirira kuti chimwemwe angapezeke, ngakhale movutikira ndi kuyenda.

Monga abale ananena za kukhulupirira

Zimafotokoza Miyambi mu nthano "Abale awiri" Tolstoy:

Iwo ali kumalo ozizira zotsutsana: aliyense ali choonadi chawochawo. Izi ndi lingaliro lalikulu la nthano, "Abale Awiri": tanthauzo la moyo ndi chimwemwe amadziwa njira zawo. Choncho, kuphwanya abale.

Zopatsa

Wamng'ono m'bale kuthana ndi mavuto onse ndi kupeza ufumu. Kwa zaka zisanu anali mfumu, ndipo anapita mdani, ndipo anataya nkhondo, anayambiranso ulendo wake ndi kubwerera kumudzi.

Kodi anapeza kunyumba

Ndipo nyumba pyonsene - kapena osauka kapena olemera. abale anayamba kukambirana zimene zinawachitikira.
Ndipo mkulu mwanzeru anati ngakhale kuti n'chochepa ndipo anali mfumu, koma iye adataya ndi chisoni aona. Abale akadali kufotokoza zonse mosiyana. Izi zikutsimikiziridwa ndi ndime ku nthano, "Abale Awiri". Ndicho chimene anauza achitsikana mawu akulu: "Ngakhale ine zoipa tsopano koma chinachake kuti azikumbukira moyo wanga, ndi inu ndipo kumbukirani, ine ndiribe kanthu."

The tchire chachikulu chotero kuti angayerekezedwe ndi aneneri a m'Baibulo, Leo Tolstoy bwino kwambiri ndi chabe anasolola njira ziwiri moyo. Pa chitsanzo cha nkhani ya aliyense angathe kusankha zimene ali pafupi naye.