Nyumba: chimene icho chiri, chithunzi, mtengo

Palibe nguwo za, pa fakitale, singagwire chidutswa othandiza ndi omasuka zovala. Iye ali ntchito anthu omwe si chofuna kuchita chilichonse ano chofunda yapamwamba ndi chisoti. Izo nthawizonse chikondwerero ofufuza, asayansi, okwera munapitapo ku Caucasus.

tanthauzo

Nyumba - ndichiyani? Malingana Chalk ndi headwear a mtundu ndi nthawi ya mtundu asemphana ena.

Koma ambiri nyumba - chipewa ofunda, alipanga ndi nsalu ndipo umaimira mawonekedwe kapu pachimake-angled ndi malekezero yaitali, kawirikawiri ankavala zipewa.

Malinga ndi otanthauzira mbiri, mtundu wa zovala ali matanthauzo osiyana.
Kawirikawiri anthu Turkic ndi zisonga nyumba ndi malekezero yaitali (masamba), ankavala pamwamba chipewa, sewn kwa nsalu kapena nsalu mapeyala.

Mawu akuti "nyumba"

Caucasus Cossack nyumba ndi nsalu sewn ndi amangoona zopangidwa woonda loyera kapena lakuda (zochepa wofiira) mtundu mwa mawonekedwe a thumba lalikulu ndi 2 lotseguka mbali ndi pa mphambano ndi masamba yaitali. Dzina la zovala kuchokera Turkic amatanthauza "mutu", "mtundu" kapena "kuyang'anira". Poyamba ndinali ndi nyumba kalembedwe popanda masamba (zambiri pa zithunzi za Miphika Msukuti).

Dzinali amachokera ku Turkey mawu «başlyk», «anatsalira» - mutu.

Nyumba: chithunzi, mbiri, mitundu

Iwo bashlyk chiyambi East anatsimikiza ndi chikhalidwe cha akumaliza chipewa - nsalu ndi ulusi zachitsulo, pamaso pa maburashi ndi zingwe kukongoletsa. Inasinthira nyumba (nkhondo) ankaoneka kwambiri. Wachikuda chikopa nakonza ndi kuluka ndi kulumikiza mafupa, zimatsindika kuphweka mawonekedwe.

Mu Russia, kufalikira bashlyk anathandiza Cossacks, chifukwa chakuti ena a iwo anali pafupi yomweyo ya anthu Caucasus. Choncho, iwo anabwereka kwa iwo zinthu othandiza kwambiri zovala (burka) zinthu zimenezo. yapamwamba kwambiri ndi wotsogola nyumba anali mu 1830s, pamene iwo anayamba kuvala burnous (hooded chofunda).

Mu ankhondo, nyumba ndi polima monga mmodzi wa mbali nkhungu mu 1862, ndipo shilsya nsalu walukidwa kuchokera ubweya wangamila, mtundu wa mchenga yonyowa. The Navy atavala nyumba wakuda. Monga ulamuliro, iye wavala pamene chisanu ndi madigiri oposa 5 m'chilimwe kuteteza kumbuyo kwa dzuwa.

Mu 1863, iye anali wotchuka kwambiri ndi mu ankafuna kwambiri nyumba. Ndi chiyani icho? Iwo anali pachimake cha mafashoni. Anafika kuvala pa zikondwerero zosiyanasiyana ndi mipira. Holide zotulutsira zinali za nsalu wofiira, ndipo tsiku ndi mdima mithunzi kapena wakuda.

chovala anali yabwino ndi othandiza pa nthawi kuti anadziwana monga yunifolomu, m'mayiko ena - Germany ndi France.

Ancient mipango Vainakh (Chechen ndi Ingush)

Mosalekeza ndi yosavuta nyumba. Kodi izo kwa anthu a North Caucasus? Ndi chidutswa wamkulu mutu, iwo anakhala mbali ya zovala (monga kutsogolo ndi msewu), ndi dzina la chiyambi Turkic, limene kwenikweni anamasuliridwa kuti "mutu" kapena "mipango".

Nyumba - kugula zovala kofala ku Dagestan, dera Georgia, Ossetia, Kabardino-Balkaria, etc. Pa nthawi ina iye anali gawo limodzi la chonse cha Vainakh zovala ... Ndipo anali chobvalidwa mu nyengo iliyonse, akutumikira monga chitetezo chabwino ndi mvula, matalala ndi mphepo.

Nthawi zambiri abusa ntchito monga chikwama cha chakudya, onyamula kankhosa pa lambing. Nthawi yobzala ndi tillers ankagwiritsa ntchito nyumba zogwiritsa mbewu.

Kuwonjezera ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku, ndi nyumba anali kukongoletsa zovala chikondwerero amuna. Mwanaalirenji nyumba chokongoletsedwa ndi mkwatibwi pamene iye anapita kukawatenga mkwatibwi.

njira kuvala

wosavuta mu mawonekedwe nyumba. Kodi timabvalira? N'zochititsa njira zambiri kuvala izo.

1. karate (chilolo) lamba kuvala pa mapewa mwa kuvala chikhoto pamwamba. Chophimba chinaikidwa pa nsana, ndi malekezero a izo, anasowa ndi zomangira, kuvala pachifuwa naperekrest (kumanja pansi kumanzere) ndi pulagi mu lamba wake.

2. Popanda nkhondoyo itha bashlyk lamba anaika lathyathyathya kutsogolo likulu mosamala wotsekedwa m'nyanja chikhoto pakati mabatani (wachitatu ndi wachinayi), kapena analilumpha chachiwiri (crosswise kutsogolo kupita kumbuyo) ndi refueled pansi zomangira mapewa.

3. Pamene nyumba basi kutaya pa khosi lanu, unakhota kawiri kapu aphimba mitu yake, ndi malekezero momuzungulira khosi, kolala sanaukitsidwe.

4. Konzekeretsani chipewa pa mutu wake anali pa chisoti chachikulu, ndi malekezero a twayini mozungulira kolala panapezeka.

Choncho tinaphunzira chinachake za nyumba. Ndi chiyani icho? headpiece ili yabwino kwambiri ndi othandiza m'zonse. Panopa nyumba (pa nthawi ina yotchuka ndi choyambirira m'tawuni zovala item) mwa ntchito, chifukwa chakuti palibe ambuye mwaluso nawo mlanduwo. Ndipo komabe zosinthika kaso akadali ntchito za akatswiri a zofufuzafufuza ndi akatswiri ensembles ovina wowerengeka Caucasus mayiko.