Nyumba India

Chimodzi mwa zomwe kwambiri za chitukuko Indian Mosakayika zomangamanga ndi. Koma si manda wamkulu monga wotchuka zovuta za Taj Mahal, Khajuraho ndi Vijayanagar. India ndi osiyanasiyana zomangamanga. Monga kusanduka kwa zaka zambiri, anasonyeza zachuma, malo osiyanasiyana zinthu, yeniyeni dziko.

Mu ulamuliro wa Ashoka Wamkulu (273 BC - 232 BC) zinachitikadi zikuluzikulu yomanga Chibuda mchitidwe umenewu ndi stupas.

zomangamanga Chibuda ku India anapambana kwa zaka zambiri, ndi zitsanzo zina za nyumba zazikulu anapulumuka masiku ano - Great Stupa m'mudzi Sanchi, yomwe inamangidwa ndi Mfumu Ashoka, amene amaonedwa kukhala woyamba kuti atenge mbiri ndi kachisi phanga zovuta za Ajanta.

Pofika m'zaka za chitatu, ndi mgwirizano wa maufumu Hindu, anakhala wamphamvu kamangidwe ka sukulu kum'mwera. Zomwe wotchuka wa Pallava mafumu, amene boma wakhala lolunjika pa dera la kumpoto kwa boma la makono a Tamil Nadu (4-9 CC.) Kodi Temple-phanga zovuta akachisi a Mahabalipuram ndi Kanchipuram.

Mafumu a Chola States Hoyasala, Vijayanagar anayesanso kusiya chizindikiro pa zomangamanga Indian.

Zomangamanga Hoyasala (zapakati 11 ndi 14) - kalembedwe kamangidwe, ali anafika pachimake makamaka m'zaka 13. Yogwira ntchito yomanga akachisi m'chigawo Hoyasala chifukwa cha zikhalidwe, zochitika za ndale za nthawi imeneyo. mbali Stylistic a zomangamanga kachisi amasonyeza mfundo za miyambo yotchuka yachipembedzo cha Vaishnava ndi Veera Shaiva ndi asilikali luso Hoyasaly olamulira, kuyesera kuposa Western Chalukya mabwana, ndipo unaonekera makamaka zofunika luso.

Ili m'chigawo cha Karnataka, Chennakeshava (Belur), Hoysaleshvara (Halebid), Keshava (Somnathpur) zitsanzo chidwi a zomangamanga achipembedzo, chifukwa muli ndi mwayi kwambiri kufufuza akale miyambo mapulani. Mu Karnataka unakhalabe 100 mipingo, makamaka Malenadu dera, kumene boma anali Hoyasala.

Ndi zomangamanga Integrated ndi chosema la India. Choncho, mbuye Hoyasaly zithunzithunzi wotchuka milungu Hindu, zithunzi za ku epics ndi moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. luso lawo lapadera limasonyeza chidwi mosamala tsatanetsatane mbali iliyonse wangwiro, mpaka nsonga za zala ndi misomali mu ziboliboli.

Kwambiri Nyenyezi kupambana Vijayanagar boma - Meenakshi kachisi (Madurai, Tamil Nadu).

Lomwe tsopano boma la Kerala unakhazikitsidwa kalembedwe wapadera wa zomangamanga, lomwe linali Chibuda ndi miyambo Hindu. Chitsanzo chigulu cha ichi - Ellora (Kerala), kumene Ahindu awonjezera gulu latsopano akachisi ndi ziboliboli ku mapanga Chibuda. Mmodzi wa zolengedwa kwambiri zazikulu za Ellora - Kailasa kachisi - zazikulu thanthwe kachisi ndi reliefs chodabwitsa.

Pa nthawi yomweyo kumpoto India zachitika kalembedwe chosiyana a zomangamanga kudziwika monga kalembedwe Indian Nagara. Kumbali ya makachisi zinamangidwa ndi ataliatali gawo amakona anayi pakati.

Chapakati India Chandela olamulira anamanga zovuta chodabwitsa akachisi a Khajuraho.

Pa nthawi ya ulamuliro wa mafumu a Mughal zomangamanga ku India anayimiridwa mwa otchedwa kalembedwe Chisilamu-Indian, kwambiri kudziwika monga kalembedwe lachifumu (iye sanali mosamalitsa Chisilamu, kapena mosamalitsa Indian).

Ndi kulamulira kwa India zachitika kalembedwe otchedwa m'mayiko a Moor zomangamanga Chili Hindu, Chisilamu ndiponso zinthu European. The kalembedwe m'mayiko a Moor ku India anamanga nyumba pagulu - maofesi positi, okwerera sitima, maofesi a boma, nyumba zina.