Odula manja - ndi ... tanthauzo The, mitundu ndi mbiri za chiyambi cha zovala za manja

Odula manja - ndi zazikulu zimasiyanitsa chizindikiro cha nyumba zosiyanasiyana, mayiko, ndipo ngakhale anthu. Kuphindula mawu awa? Kodi malaya a manja? Kodi mitundu yawo kumeneko?

Odula manja - tanthauzo la mawu ...

Zovala za manja anali nthawi yaitali kwambiri ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga chizindikiro kuzindikira. Tsopano iwo, pamodzi ndi mbendera ndi nyimbo ndi maziko zizindikiro a mtundu wa m'dziko lina lililonse lero. mawu "odula manja" limatanthauza chizindikiro chosiyana kapena Logo, umene anatengera. Chimasonyeza mbali yaikulu, zinthu, mitundu, lililonse la mwini, ndi angatanthauze munthu, mtundu, dera, kalasi, dziko ndi zina zotero. D.

Odula manja - ndi fano gulu kuti akhoza monga zidutswa angapo zopanda ophiphiritsa kwa mwiniwake. Kugwiritsa ntchito zokhudzana ndi chifaniziro cha chizindikiro zili zotsimikiza mtima monga mwa dongosolo mbiri anakhazikitsa. History ndi tanthauzo la manja la sayansi wapadera kuphunzira heraldry.

Achokera mawu akuti "odula manja"? Kutanthauza kuchokera njira German "cholowa", izo zikumveka ngati pali Erbe. Mu East mayiko Asilavo (Belarus, Ukraine, Russia), mawu ayenera kubwera ku chinenero Polish (therere), kale mu mawonekedwe kusinthidwa.

Provenance

Anthu nthawizonse zakhala achilendo anazungulira okha ndi zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana. Chizolowezi ntchito zithunzi nyama, zomera, zida monga chizindikiro generic mizu. Choncho, prototypes anali zizindikiro za totems Native American, Asian tamgas.

Ambiri a mafumu akale ndi agonjetsi komanso ndinaganizira zida munthu ndi zida za zithunzi zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, chizindikiro Aleksandra Makedonskogo kunali kavalo nyanja. Zizindikiro zonse izi zinali zongopeka ndipo nthawi zambiri zinasintha.

Malaya loyamba la manja kuoneka za X atumwi mu nthawi ya mdima Ages Middle. Heirloom chizindikiro royals anaikidwa pa atolankhani anali chojambulidwa pa zikalata zofunika kwambiri. Development heraldic mwambo kumathandiza kuti zikamera wa nkhondo zomenyana ndi Asilamu knightly thupi.

Pakuti Ankhondo odula manja - ndi chizindikiro chachikulu kuti anaikidwa pa zida, zishango, zobvala, pa caparisons akavalo. Kumapeto kwa malaya XII m'zaka za manja akhala ambiri. Panali malamulo heraldic ndi akatswiri ndi akatswiri mu izi. Aliyense m'banja lapamwamba anali odula yakeyake manja, umene munaupereka, makamaka kudzera mu mzere wa mwamuna.

mitundu ya zovala za manja

Kukula ambiri luso heraldic chinathandiza zikamera wa mitundu zizindikiro. Iwo ali m'magulu malinga awo chokhala m'dzikolo, masitaelo, mabungwe Chalk ndi zina zotero. D. Pali boma oyang'anira tauni malaya a manja. Amaonedwa zizindikiro boma, amene anatumizidwa kumayiko ndi mizinda yawo ndi zigawo pa mlingo malamulo. mafotokozedwe awo ndi phindu ambiri opezeka mu dziko zizindikiro malamulo.

Mu Middle Ages adanyamuka crests banja, amene alipo m'mabanja achifumu. Iwo anawagawa otchuka, boma, anthuŵa ndi anthu wamba. Pamaso maonekedwe a chovala manja panali munthu, amene anali munthu winawake.

zizindikiro Corporate alili mabizinezi, madongosolo, masitolo, zibonga, sukulu. Iwo amanena za mbiri ndi tanthauzo mwa zinthu zakale ndi malo atsopano a bungwe lomwe ali. zizindikiro zake ndi Mwachitsanzo, mayunivesite akale monga Harvard, Cambridge ndi ena.

zigawo choyimira

Kuyambira maonekedwe a zovala za manja kugwirizana ndi Ankhondo, ndipo terminology ndi Heraldry zokhudza zida akale asilikali. Tsatanetsatane amapanga odula manja - chishango, korona, chisoti, Crest, Othandiza, gallop, mikanjo burlet, maziko ndi Mwambi. Amathanso kupezeka mbendera, pennants, mbendera, ndi mbendera muyezo.

The zikuchokera yaikulu ya chizindikiro cha lili chishango, zingakhale Byzantine, French, German, Italy, Poland, rhombic, zozungulira ndi akalumikidzidwa ena. Pa mbali zambiri anaika Othandiza. Zimakhala nyama zosiyanasiyana, zolengedwa lanthano, angelo anthu. Akatero kungakhale pa nthaka kapena nsanja ochepera amene nthawi zambiri mwini Mwambi olembedwa pa tepi.

Pamwamba chikopa ndi korona kapena chisoti ndi Crest, amene zosiyanasiyana malinga ndi udindo wa mwini. Nthawi zina anaika pa chisoti burlet (nsalu oyang'anira) namet (odula m'mbali osasamba). Zovala za manja a mafumu ndi mafumu hema unakhala achifumu chofunda.

ophiphiritsa

Ulamuliro yaikulu ya manja - ndi ophiphiritsa. Aliyense chithunzi, chithunzi mtundu ayenera kugwirizana ndi mwini wake wa chizindikiro ndi kusonyeza wake makhalidwe, kuzichita. Pakuti kanjedza ndi mitundu heraldry enshrined mfundo zina.

Zizindikiro za achepetse kulamulira pafupipafupi anakhala mphungu, amatanthauza mphamvu, luntha, nzeru, mkango, kusonyeza mphamvu ndi kulimba mtima. ikuimira ufumuwo anali mphungu mitu iwiri. Ambiri boma oyang'anira tauni malaya a manja akuonetsedwa nyama kapena wapatali endemics m'deralo. Botswana ndi mbidzi, Australia - kangaroo ndi nthiwatiwa, Botswana anasankha nsomba zamipeni ndi mphama.

Mitundu pa chovala manja ndi osati mwangozi. Gold zambiri chizindikiro cha maufumu ndi maufumu, zikutanthauza kuwolowa manja, chuma ndi chilungamo. Silver mtundu Matanthawuzo zoyera njira chiyero. Blue kapena kumwamba buluu ndi chizindikiro cha chiyero ndi kukongola, wobiriwira - chizindikiro cha chiyembekezo, wakuda - kudzichepetsa. Mtundu wofiira mu heraldry ndi zowawa, komanso kulimba mtima ndi kulimba mtima.