Moksha ndi chiyani?

Today chinenero Moksha - chimodzi mwa zinenero nduna ya Republic of Mordovia, pamodzi ndi ehrzjanskom. Kuwonjezera pa Republic of Mordovia, kuchigwiritsa angapezeke ambiri m'madera ena oyandikana wa Russia ano, pafupi Urals kuti: mu Penza, Ryazan, Orenburg, Saratov, Tambov ndi m'madera ena.

Malo mwa zilankhulo zina dziko

Moksha (moksha) - ndi chinenero a subgroup wa Mordovia, Volga Finno-gulu la Finno-Ugric nthambi ya chinenero gulu Ural. Kuti, chinenero akhoza ankaona "wachibale" cha ku Finland, Estonia, Udmurt ndi zinenero zina zing'onozing'ono amalankhula Urals lapansi. The pafupi amaona kuti tsopano ndi akufa Meshchersky. Pakali pano, Moksha ali anthu chabe za zikwi ziwiri, ndiko kuti, akhoza wachinsinsi monga pangozi.

A mbiri pang'ono

M'zaka za m'ma AD loyamba ndi gawo la Mordovia ano nawagawira umodzi chinenero Mordovian kapena ya m'zilembo ofanana Mordovia. Padziko m'ma V-VI divergence posachedwapa wakhala moti inasanduka ofanana koma osiyana chinenero awiri - Moksha ndi Erzya.

mbali chinenero

chilankhulo ali 7 za mawu phonemes ndi 33 zilembo, amene ankaimira pa kalata 21 kalata. Nkhawa zambiri pa syllable woyamba, ndipo wophatikizidwa mawu monga "atyat-Babat" ( "ndi Old") imagwera pa aliyense wa mbali.

chilankhulo Moksha wa otchedwa zinenero agglutinative. Iyi ndi njira imene aliyense mtengo osiyana chimaoneka kalembedwe morpheme (mosiyana ndi Russian kumene nauni ukutha, mwachitsanzo, anafotokoza mfundo zovuta galamala).

Pali chiwerengero chachikulu milandu (ndi chakale ndipo kawirikawiri ntchito, pali pafupifupi 20) kusonyeza mithunzi osiyana matanthauzo. Manauni kusintha declinations atatu: chachikulu, woonekeratu ndi kulamula. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti chinenero anati alibe gulu la jenda - si anasonyeza grammatically.

Chidwi ndi dongosolo kalembedwe Moksha mneni. Pali zinthu zinayi za nthawi yake: otsiriza awiri, masiku m'tsogolo ndiponso tsogolo la zovuta kwambiri. Mu dongosolo ili, osati ankaimira modality mneni gulu kulongosola zochita zenizeni-zachabe dolzhestvovanie.

Ofuna, muli Mabaibulo angapo lexicographic: etymological dictionary Moksha lolembedwa Vershinin VI (The dictionary linanena bungwe, mwa njira, nathawitsidwa ndi mofulumira "ikutha" chinenero), Russian, ndi Moksha Moksha-Russian otanthauzira.

Mwa njira, kusonyeza phokoso m'kalata amagwiritsa ntchito zilembo za Chisililiki, iwo ali masiku Moksha zilembo si wosiyana ku Russian.

chilankhulo Moksha lero

Panopa chinenero mu Mordovia, lofalitsidwa ambiri periodicals, komanso pang'ono zopeka ndi nonfiction. M'masukulu pali maphunziro chinenero Moksha, iwo anaphunzira ku mayunivesite, izo zikumveka Mordvinian pa wailesi dziko ndi televizioni. Komabe, sitingathe kunena kuti chinenero ndi mokwanira ntchito muzochitika zones za moyo chikhalidwe m'madera a. Pakati pa m'tawuni ya kuchigwiritsa pafupifupi wapita - izo alowa m'malo Russian. Moksha ntchito makamaka m'madera a kumidzi, pang'onopang'ono kupeza udindo wa chilankhulo a. Ngakhale zaka zingapo zapitazo Moksha sizinali zachilendo.

Masiku ano zimayesetsa ndi njira ya padziko lonse Kuphatikizana ndi kugula ya anthu ang'ono ambiri. Pa nkhani imeneyi, kwambiri chikhalidwe chidwi, mwatsoka, achotsa kwa nkhope ya dziko lapansi ndi kukhala ndi udindo wa akufa, zinenero zinatha ochepa, monga Moksha, Erzya ndi ena.