Olemera Market, St. Petersburg: ofotokoza ndi chidwi mfundo

Petersburg zomangamanga kuwala ndi zinsinsi. malo mbiri mzinda si kuwerenga - zachifumu kumusangalatsa kusunga zinsinsi za coups ndi zilakolako chikondi. Njira ndi misewu kumbukirani momwe m'mphepete mwa msewu mkokomo ngolo kapena pa ayezi nyanja ya Ladoga anathyola makina, atanyamula ana ku anatseka misewu, ndiyeno pa msewu chigonjetso lomwelo adadza. Pali St. Petersburg malo, dzina mbiri ndi cholinga amene sasintha - misika chake. Mmodzi wa iwo - msika kwabasi.

Kodi

Pa pempho la Peter Ine kumangira St. Petersburg "ntchito anthu" litapita ku Russia. Anakakhala mulu, malinga ndi mtundu, chipembedzo kapena fraternity. Choncho, chifukwa Kronverk Petro ndi Paulo, pafupi Mbuzi chithaphwi anaonekera Chitata mumzinda kumene Chitata, Kazakhs, Turkey ndi anthu ena, kuchita Islam. Nyumba, m'lingaliro Russian, izo sizinali, koma kulikonse panali yurt. Zomangamanga anawonjezera msika, komwe mankhwala si kugulitsana, ndipo atamaliza chakudya.

Tinagulitsa madzulo mochedwa, pamene mtunduwo omangika pambuyo ntchito kunyumba. malonda ndawala zinachitikadi wa pavilions ndi makola, alendo ndi hawking. Petersburg inamangidwa, koma ambiri a akuimanga litakhala pansi ndipo anakhala mu mzinda wa. Tsopano mu malo a Nyumba Zoyenda Nazo anaika Chitata msewu ndipo amakhala Mosque. Poyamba Chitata msika ili pa Utatu Square, koma pambuyo moto 1711 izo anagwidwa mzinda, kumene anali atathana.

Achokera dzina

Monga ankatchedwa St. Petersburg atsimikize msika? Poyamba, anali atavala dissonant, koma dzina lenileni - Obzhorny, yotchuka wotchedwa chabe Obzhorka. Mu msika anagulitsa zokoma chakudya watsopano, amene amasangalala kugula osati Chitata ndi Kazakhs, koma lonse St. Petersburg anthu, olemekezeka, amalonda ndi apamwamba latsopano limene nthawi zambiri ndimaoneka chifukwa cha "Nyamulani chikhalidwe" ndipo ndi dzanja kuwala kwa mfumu. Zotsatirazi ndi chiyanjo cha watsopano msika malo chapeza dzina latsopano nthawi.

Kutanthauzira kwa dzina "Olemera Market" ndi m'nthano ndi zomveka chiyambi. Malinga ndi St. Petersburg Nthano zambiri ndinkakonda kupita ku msika kazembe woyamba wa St. Petersburg, Lake wopambana ndipo adzakhala 'Wammwambamwamba Prince Alexander Menshikov, modzipereka anakonda mikate ndi kalulu. Panokha kugula kwa amalonda kuchitira, anadya iwo pomwepo, nanena motere: "Kodi atsimikize"

lomveka dzina la lili mitundu angapo. Malinga ndi mmodzi wa iwo, zikuoneka chifukwa cha "zonenepa" malonda - madzi, zotsekemera ndi uchi. Malinga ndi Baibulo chachiwiri, kumsika kukagulitsa ufa chisanafike sifting izo mu sefa, wogulitsa yomweyo. Pali mafotokozedwe wina - msikawo anagulitsa chintz, amene anatuluka Dzina loyamba - "Sitno msika," anthu akale kugwiritsa ntchito dzina ili. Lang'anani pa nthawi bwino kuti m'nthawi amatchedwa "Olemera" Anapitirizabe nakhala dzina lovomerezeka la woyamba msika Petersburg.

Osati ntchito limodzi

Pafupifupi zaka 150 msika Olemera ntchito monga malo a anaphera anthu, ndipo onse anayamba nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Anna Ivanovna, namulonjera kulanga ndi chikhululukiro m'manja mwa Biron lake lapamtima. Kuti asafe mu malo onse wakhala njira ya mwamantha, iwo anapanga yaikulu. Nthawi iliyonse scaffold yatsopano inamangidwa, limene kutenthedwa, nthawi zambiri limodzi ndi kuphedwa.

Kuphedwa maphunziro zimasonyeza ndi pafupifupi imperceptible. Imodzi mwa ziganizo chidwi kwambiri atsimikize msika anawona tsiku kuphedwa A. P. Volynskogo ndi anzake (27 June 1740). Chifukwa kumangidwa ndiponso chiwawa wotsatira anatumikira monga chiwembu ndi, akusowetsa malire achifumu mphamvu, kuyimitsidwa ku ofesi ya boma alendo ndi kupititsa udindo mkulu kwa oyang'anira zoweta boma Russian. Malinga ndi Volyn ndi abwenzi, gulu Anna Ivanovna unawononge- dziko, ndi amene ankatumikira German anang'amba mbali ya chuma, plunging boma ndi anthu mu umphawi ndi chidakwa.

Chilango inakula. Volyn pansi imfa ndi kudula lilime, manja ndi mutu, ana anatumiza kwa tonsure pa obisika, ndipo mwana wake anatsimikiza Siberia kuti zaka 15 kupereka kwa asilikali Kamchatka. katundu zonse wakhala okondedwa pagulu lotumizilidwa mfumu. Pamodzi ndi Volynskii iwo anaphedwa Khrushchov ndi Eropkin. Saymonov, Musin-Pushkin anali ku ukapolo mabomba Siberia, ndipo Eichler kwa obisika Solovetsky.

Kukumbukira anthu amene anaphedwa lili kumene pamaso panali manda a St. Sampson Cathedral, kenako anagonjetsa paki. The obelisk mu 1885 ndipo panopa chitetezo stamped mayina a akufa pa izo. Last chilango yapachiweniweni pa Kalvare Sitnya msika zinachitika December 14, 1861. Pa tsiku loletsa Mihaila Illarionovicha Mihaylova, amene amadzinenera kuitana pa achinyamata ulimi ndi kupasula Mafumu, panalibe kuphedwa. Chigamulo analengezeratu asanu m'mawa, mutu kwa wandende unasweka lupanga ndipo anatumizidwa kukatumikira sentensi m'migodi Siberia.

m'ma 19

Olemera msika malo ndipo anataya gawo mazunzo a m'gawo lake mogwirizana ndi makonzedwe a Alexander Park. Malo a chilengezo ndi kukhwimitsa ziganizo sizimawoneka ngati chilichonse. Tsopano pano, pa za malo omwewo, ife anaika Music Hall ndi zisudzo "Baltic House".

Petersburg Mbali kumayambiriro kwa zaka 19-20 sanali yapamwamba malo ndi asezare osauka lyudom, kumangidwa zokha, chifukwa cha zimene anali ngati slum a.

Apa asangalala makhalidwe, komanso posachedwapa, mu 2014 ku dera oyamba msika misa manda apezeka, maziko a tchalitchi cha Lutheran, yoperekedwa kwa zaka za m'ma 18, apeza yophunzira wokhalitsa. A moyo watsopano m'zaka 19 mochedwa, atsimikize msika (St. Petersburg) analandira pamodzi ndi kumanga ndi Troitsky Bridge.

Zaka zana la 20

Pambuyo pomanga yaitali, pa nthawi imeneyo, ulalo Neva, Petersburg Mbali wakhala malo yapamwamba kwa anzeru ndi anthu apamwamba. Pa zaka khumi amanga nyumba mwala waukulu ndipo nyumba onse, kuti akonze mapulani wapadera chifaniziro cha zaka siliva. Olemera Petersburg msika walandira nyumba yatsopano kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 20. Lolemera gloss Nouveau nyumba anapereka mapulani Marian ndi Marian Lyalevich Peretyatkovich.

Latsopano nyumba Market chinamasulidwa mu 1913. Koma mu mphamvu, lonse zomangamanga malonda sikunali kukhala. Anabwera First World nkhondo, maalumali golosale zinali zovuta. Isanayambike malingaliro chosintha, ndi izo, ndi umphawi anabweretsa kovuta yogawa chakudya dongosolo, zomwe mpaka 30s m'ma. msika Sitno chinatsekedwa atangotha chaka 17. Re-kutsegula anatenga malo okha mu 1936, pamene kovuta chinathetsedwa.

modernity

Atsimikize msika lero amafuna kukonzanso ndi kubwezeretsedwa. Malinga ndi zofunika latsopano la mzinda, malo ake ayenera kukhala mahekitala osachepera awiri, koma kutsekedwa kwa nyumbayi mbiri si pangozi. Mu 2014 Sytinsky msika nyumba adalowa mu kaundula wa zipilala, yemwe anakhala otetezeka-khalidwe. Tsopano pa nyumba sadzakhala kuwonjezera-mvu, koma osati pansi maziko proroyut zambiri wina magalimoto.

Mkati nyumbayi, pafupifupi zonse lizikhala ndi ziwalo: ndi chipongwe kwa zomera chapamwamba, komabe wachisomo, skylight kumbali yakum'mwera akadali amapereka kuyatsa. Zizindikiro zonse za "kukonzanso" mosavuta ankaiphwasula, koma ndondomeko adakali siteji mapulani.

Mu 2010, msika Olemera chikondwerero chikumbutso tercentenary. Iwo Zatsala mmodzi wa misika yaikulu pa mbali Petrograd. Kuwonjezera pa chakudya, msikawo mugule zinthu za m'nyumba, zovala, Pet chakudya, ndi pafupifupi zonse muyenera nyumba ndi banja.

mauthenga othandiza

Onse pansi danga atsimikize msika ndi pafupifupi 2600 mamita lalikulu. meters, pamene pali 524 ritelo ogulitsira, kukhazikitsa pachaka mankhwala ndi 12 zikwi matani. Trade imachitika tsiku lililonse 08:00 m'mawa mpaka 19:00 madzulo. Kamodzi pa mwezi, anakonza kukonza tsiku, imagwera pa Lamlungu latha mwezi uliwonse.

Olemera nthawi zonse osangalala ogula msika. Amagwiritsa Sytninskaya dera, kumanga 3-5. Yapafupi okwerera sitima siteshoni: Gorky.