Onse-gudumu kuyendetsa njinga zamoto. Njinga yamoto "Ural" onse kuyendera

Nkhaniyi imatiuza za mbiri ya njinga zamoto olemedwa ndi zinayi gudumu pagalimoto, kuti ndi njinga yamoto lolemera "Ural", makhalidwe ake luso ndi mwayi komanso zimene ndi zitsanzo mu mzere wa mtundu.

A mbiri pang'ono

Fans kukwera ndi mphepo pa awiri mawiro "kavalo chitsulo 'idzadziwa kuti ntchito panja, maulendo dziko ndi kugonjetsa wandiweyani bwino msewu otha galimoto alibe njinga zamoto iliyonse. Pakati pawo ndi njinga yamoto "Ural", zida ndi zinayi gudumu pagalimoto.

anthu ochepa mukudziwa kuti choyamba onse kuyendera njinga yamoto anaonekera pafupifupi zaka 100 zapitazo ku UK. Iwo kwakhalapo mu kalasi ake kwa nthawi yaitali popanda mpikisano kwambiri.

Patapita zaka khumi, pa chiyambi cha 1931, BMW anayamba kubala njinga osati boma, komanso anayamba kutulutsa katundu otha pagalimoto njinga zamoto zolinga asilikali. Ambiri akhala akukhulupirira kuti otha pagalimoto anaonekera chifukwa zosowa za asilikali, lomwe masiku oyambirira a Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, iwo anatengera zofunika. Palibe mtundu zochepa wotchuka wa magalimoto wa nthawi imeneyo anali wotchuka Zundapp.

Soviet zinachitika katundu njinga zamoto "Ural" ankatumikira pamwamba mayunitsi, makamaka R71 chitsanzo. Ndipo mu 1941 khamu mzere IMZ-Ural adayamba katundu njinga yamoto M72, zimene yomweyo anakhala m'gulu la sayansi ndi Soviet Army.

Zimene zinachitika

1957 anatchuka kwambiri chifukwa chakuti woyamba mtanda ka zonse gudumu pagalimoto "Ural" anatulutsidwa, amene anali zitsanzo mawiro atatu. Ndipo kotero njinga panali M61, amene anatenga kwathunthu pulani ya galimotoyo wa chitsanzo 72. Anayamba akhale okonzeka ndi pamwamba injini valavu.

Pang'ono kenako zomera anayamba ndi anawonjezera mbali luso zofunika mu mawonekedwe a zida n'zosiyana, amene palibiretu pa njinga zamoto ndi Motors nizhneklapannym. Chitsanzo cha ichi tingathe chitsanzo ina - K650.

Pang'onopang'ono, zonse gudumu pagalimoto njinga yamoto "Ural" lasintha structural. Kuwonjezera zosintha olimbana ndi kumbuyo kufala ophatikizidwa malembedwe wachibadidwe latsopano carburetor, umene ndi mphamvu injini ndi kuchuluka. zitsanzo Kenako okonzeka ndi carburetors ano mkulu-mapeto Japan ( "Keihin"). Kukweza zazikulu ntchito ndi apamwamba braking ndi njinga yamoto "Ural" unakhazikitsidwa kuyamika mabuleki chimbale cha "akuswa Brembo", omwe amaonedwa pakati pa abwino kwambiri mu dziko.

mbali khalidwe mayunitsi zonse gudumu pagalimoto

Njinga yamoto "Ural" (onani chithunzi. Pamwamba) angatchedwe dziko yekha njinga yamoto ndi sidecar ndi, umene umabwera ndi bezdifferentsialnym switchable pagalimoto. Chimodzi mwa zitsanzo Irbit njinga yamoto opanga anayamba "kulondera" imene stroller gudumu pagalimoto switchable. Oyang'anira ndi opepuka T-Baibulo amasangalala bwino ndithu akutali Russia. Choncho, potengera malonda magalimoto okha 2012 anagulitsidwa ndi 37% kuposa mu 2011.

"Oyang'anira" kupirira chilichonse kuchokera msewu, monga okonzeka ndi gearbox 4-liwiro. Onse-gudumu njinga zamoto galimoto "Ural" kugonjetsa zigawo kovuta kwambiri kwa msewu. Kotero ife tikhoza kunena motsimikiza kuti izi ndi zopambana msewu njinga. Ndithudi, kukhala akatundu, sadzakusiyani kuti dalaivala zivute zitani. N'chifukwa chake nthawi zonse amakayikira America ndi ulemu waukulu kwa Ural "kulondera". zitsanzo mtengo "Oyang'anira-T" ndi kuzungulira 300 zikwi. Rubles.

Chitonthozo ndi yosangalala ndi "alendo"

Special chitsanzo, "alendo-2WD» (njinga yamoto "Ural") wakhala analenga m'misewu Russian, limene kwa zaka sitinamuone m'malo Kuphunzira. Otha kuyendetsa chinjoka chimenechi chililaka osati zoweta kuchokera msewu popanda vuto lililonse komanso kuti imathandizira pa msewu kuti liwiro la 120 Km / h, pamene amacheza malita 7 okha a mafuta chifukwa zonse zimachitika zana.

N'kosavuta kwa ndikuganiza kuti njinga yamoto "Ural", "alendo" mzere anaikira maulendo yaitali, ndipo ichi ndi zida zonse zofunikira. Ngati anakhumba, ndi pagalimoto ophimba ndi tsekani, iwo sakukhudzidwa. Pankhaniyi, inu mukhoza kuyenda pa njinga, koma zinachitikira ichi pa wagawo si amakhala oipa.

Ponoprivodnye njinga zamoto "alendo" zimene zili ndi injini 45 ndiyamphamvu ndi kusamutsidwa a 750 CC. Pankhaniyi, galimoto Iyamba kwa 120 Km / h masekondi ─ frisky ngati Yamaha masewera njinga, mitengo sipangakhalenso adagulung'undisa pa hafu miliyoni rubles. Onani kuti njinga yamoto imeneyi akulemera makilogalamu 335, ndi zipangizo ndi katundu akhoza kutenga ndi iwe pafupifupi kulemera chomwecho, phindu la "akavalo" ali ndi ndalama zokwanira mosavuta kukoka katundu. Thanki mafuta lakonzedwa malita 19 mafuta ndi ndalama otaya konse oseketsa: mu njirayo ndi - mpaka malita 4 ndi m'tauni si upambana malita 7 pa makilomita 100.

A pang'ono za chitsanzo 67th

Lolemera njinga zamoto onse matayala analemekezedwa mwapadera mwa bikers ndi mafani wa luso njinga yamoto. Kodi kwenikweni woonamtima, mphamvu ndi changu ndi zikuwonjezereka masiku ano, popanda zomwe n'zovuta kukwera awiri mawiro steed zitsulo. Amenewa ndi "Ural" 67-36 zino. Ndicho kwenikweni makina kotero makina! Pa mtanda mtundu nazo angayerekezedwe yekha "Dnepr MT". Nepriveredliv injini kotero kuti ambiri "sanakhumudwe" pa mbuye wake, ngati iye alibe kuwonjezera mafuta.

Iwo Iyamba Kuthamanga 67th "Ural" 100 Km / h kudya mokwanira, ngakhale kuti akulemera makilogalamu 330 ndipo akhoza yodzaza mu izo kotala ya tani pa pamwamba. Aliyense yokhotakhota mafuta njira ndi malita 8, zomwe zambiri zabwino, kuganizira mphamvu yake. mota The zotuluka mphamvu 36 HP pa makokedwe pazipita pa 4900 rpm. Ambiri, makina ndi odalirika muchilichonse cholankhulidwa, ndipo sipatenga mpaka kupirira.

"Ural Up zida» ─ mphamvu kalembedwe asilikali

kutukula Irbitsky anayesera mwakukhoza awo, kulenga ana awo zida Up-2WD. Njinga yamoto "Ural" (onani chithunzi. Mmunsimu) nkhani ino kalembedwe usilikali ndipo lapangidwa kuti tigonjetse malo kuwoloka osinthasintha msewu. Omasuka ndi amene njinga yamoto chililaka zigawo kovuta misewu ndi mtunda akhakula, otha pagalimoto amaperekedwa kudzera kapangidwe undercarriage ndi zonse n'zosiyana magiya.

Ati ntchito "asilikali" njinga yamoto sizimatanthauza. Komabe, tiona kuti n'zotheka kupita kulikonse nyengo iliyonse chaka chonse. makina amphamvu si mantha wofuka matalala kapena mvula, palibe dothi pa bondo. Mtengo wa imeneyi pagalimoto zonse gudumu mawiro atatu kuchokera msewu galimoto kuzungulira 620 zikwi. Rubles.

The mbali luso

Izi njinga zamoto kuyendera zili ndi 41-ndiyamphamvu awiri yamphamvu injini anayi sitiroko ndi kusamuka kwa kiyubiki mamita 745. Liwiro pazipita kuti angathe galimoto 110 Km / h. Mafuta jekeseni ukulamulidwa dongosolo mafuta jekeseni. Kuyambira ndi injini ya magetsi, ndi chifukwa cha ichi amaperekedwa ndi kukankha-sitata. Thanki mafuta akugwirizira malita 19 a mafuta, ndi mafuta ndi malita 7.5 pa amathamanga zana.

Mabuleki njinga yamoto anapereka caliper hayidiroliki, ndi zowalamulira - wapawiri limagwirira a mtundu youma. Telescopic kutsogolo kuyimitsidwa imapereka ulendo yosalala panjira. Pamaso bezdifferentsialnoy kufala zimathandiza kuthetsa zopinga cha kapangidwe iliyonse.

Mayiko opareshoni

Ochekenera ndi Mahaki wosaoneka mu nkhalango kapena mabango pafupi dziwe, kotero "Ural zida Up» akhoza bwinobwino akonzekeretse kusaka kapena kugona pansi zida zilizonse zofunika nsomba. Masekeli pa makilogalamu 365, mungachite pamodzi nawo kwambiri za katundu zothandiza ndi katundu.

chitsanzo Izi kwambiri kulemetsedwa kutukula kuti amalola kunyamula zonse muyenera akupangitsa makina pazipita bata. Choncho, tikhoza kunena motsimikiza akamagwiritsa ndipo musaope kuti agegat akhoza kubweretsa ndipo udzasandutsa.

Ngati ndi kotheka, iwo akhoza kuvala magalimoto nagawa ndi kuchotsa mawilo actuator ophimba, motero kusintha "Ural" mu njinga ziwiri matayala.

kuti adzimvera

Zamoto "Ural" ndi galimoto-gudumu zonse msewu magalimoto atsimikizira okha odalirika. Njira imeneyi ali mkulu khalidwe kunja zida, khalidwe ndi osiyana. Ndicho chifukwa ife tikhoza kunena kuti "Ural" ndi unkillable njinga. Ambiri njinga yamoto zitsanzo zimathandiza kuti ulendo omasuka komanso otetezeka zikomo dongosolo yache. Chifukwa kulemera lalikulu mayunitsi ndi kukhazikika bwino ndipo palibe yaing'ono yonyamula mphamvu. Wamphamvu injini, galimotoyo ndi kuyimitsidwa mbali kulola mosavuta mtunda uliwonse.

Komanso, njinga zamoto zamakono "Ural" ndi maonekedwe wokongola, kamangidwe ergonomic ndi mkulu mlingo wa chitonthozo. Kamangidwe ka makina izi zimathandiza kuti kusuntha bwino panjira. Ngakhale kulemera kwake, ndi njinga yamoto mofulumira kupeza liwiro kutero. Pa amphamvu "kavalo chitsulo" katundu sachita manyazi kuonekera pa masewera kapena biker, atakwera pa misewu dziko usiku, kusangalala ndi njira yaitali ndi kumva liwiro.