Opanga opanga maulendo a Russia

Azimayi a sukulu ya Swiss amadziŵa okha za mitengo ya maulonda ndi mafakitale ochokera kunja. Koma ngakhale pakati pawo lero mungathe kukumana ndi anthu omwe amakonda wokonza mapepala. Ndipo ngakhale kuti nthawi za USSR zakhala zikudziwika kale, ambiri opanga maulonda a ku Russia sanataye ulemerero wawo wakale. Kotero ndi ndani - opanga mawotchi ku Russia? Tikukudziwitsani kuti mudzidziwe nokha ndi "nyenyezi" zabwino pakati pa makampani apakhomo.

Mawu ochepa okhudza mbiri ya kuwonetsera kwa Russia

Osati kale kalekale chiwombankhanga chasoprom chinadzitamandira kudziwika kwa dziko lonse lapansi. Pa nthawiyi zipangizo za Soviet zinkadziwika osati ku USSR, koma komanso kutali kwambiri ndi malire ake. Ulonda wa ku Russia pa nthawi imeneyo unanenedwa kuti ndi zokongola, zodalirika ndi zowonongeka, zomwe zambiri zinasungidwa mpaka lero. Pambuyo pa kugwa kwa Union, ogulitsa ntchito zapakhomo sanangowonjezera zomwe anazitulutsa, komanso, popeza anali ndi mavuto ena azachuma, ankayenera kutseka.

Ngakhale izi, mawotchi ambiri amawoneka ndi ojambula a Russia amapita ku mbiri yakale monga zipangizo zoyamba zomwe zinapulumuka kuthawira mu malo. Motero, "Nsanja ya Olonda" imawonekera momveka bwino pa mkono wa woyamba wa Soviet cosmonaut, Yuri Gagarin, mu 1961. Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, zolembera pansi pa dzina lodziŵika bwino lakuti "Mtsinje" mosavuta "zimathetsa kusungulumwa" kwa Alexei Leonov wina.

Maola a zoweta: masiku athu

Masiku ano, kupanga maulonda achi Russia sikuli koyambirira, komabe kumatha kupikisana ndi mahatchi otchuka achilendo ndi mafano. Pakali pano, opanga otsatirawa a maulonda achi Russia amadziwika:

• Kummawa.
• "Kuthamanga."
• The Rocket.
• Seagull.
• "Mphezi" ndi ena.

Za zomwe opanga maulonda a ku Russian ali, tidzanena zambiri.

"East" ndi nkhani yovuta

Mmodzi mwa ojambula otchuka kwambiri a mawotchi apanyumba apanyumba ndiwotchedwa "Vostok", womwe uli ku Tatarstan, Chistopol. Icho chinakhazikitsidwa mu 1941 ndipo patangotha chaka chimodzi chimayambanso kupanga masewera a asilikali . Poyamba, kukhazikitsidwa kwa chomeracho kunali ndi cholinga chimodzi - kupereka asilikali kumbuyo ndi zotengerazo.

Komabe, pofika mu 1943, kasamalidwe ka kampaniyo adayamba kuyambitsa kupanga "zamtendere" zamagetsi, zopangidwa kwa anthu wamba omwe sali okhudzana ndi zankhondo. Chotsatira chake, mzere wolumikizira opangira zida zamwamuna pansi pa dzina lachikondi "Kugonjetsa" unatsegulidwa ndikupanga ulonda wa galimoto ndi chida chowala mumdima - "Volga" ndi "ZiM" - chinakhazikitsidwa. Pambuyo pake, Ambiribia ndi Vostok amadziwika kwambiri. Mapulogalamu ameneŵa a opanga Russian amapitirizabe kuyamikiridwa ndi osonkhanitsa ndi mafanizidwe a nyengo ya Soviet.

Mu 2010, chomera chomwecho chinalengezedwa. Komabe, kupanga makina opanga "East" kunangosamutsidwa kumapewa a makampani ang'onoang'ono ogwira ntchito mpaka lero.

Foni yoyamba ya ulonda "Polet" ku Moscow

"Ndege" ndi malonda omwe anali oyambirira kulenga ulonda wamtundu ku Russia. Inatsegulidwa mu 1930. Kuchokera nthawi imeneyo, zipangizo zambiri zamasulidwa kupyolera mwa khama la antchito ogwira ntchito, pakati pawo mukhoza kutchula zotsatirazi:

• "Moscow" ndi "Mayak".
• "Anthu oyenda panyanja."
• "Motherland".
• "Masewera".
• "Nyanja" ndi ena.

"Ndege" ndi "East" ndi ojambula opambana a Russia. Chiwerengero chawo chikadali chapamwamba. Komabe, tsogolo la mabungwe amalima kwambiri. Choncho, "Flight" yodabwitsa idagulitsa mbali zake za mizere yopanga kwa oimira Chistopol Watch Factory mu 2002, ndiyeno iye anataya ufulu wake pa chizindikiro chake chachikulu. Kubwerera mu 2006, anagula bizinesi yodabwitsa Sergei Pugachev, ndipo sadalimbikitse ndi kuchita chilichonse.

Kuwonjezera apo, pafupifupi zipangizo zonse zidasamutsidwa ku umwini wa mabungwe "McTaym" ndi "Flight-Chronos". Ndipo ngakhale kulibe chomera lero, malonda otchuka a malonda akupitiriza kupangidwa ndi mabungwe ena, ngakhale mu chiwerengero chochepa.

Ntchito yamakono kwambiri "Raketa"

Chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kulipidwa kwa opanga ojambula achi Russia monga "Rocket" ndi "Seagull". Ndipo ntchito yoyamba inalengedwa pansi pa Peter I. Idachitabebe ndipo ikupangabe maulendo otchuka padziko lonse "Light" ndi "Rocket". Mu 2009, chomeracho chinakonzedweratu, pomwe kampaniyo inatsegula mizere yatsopano mwakamodzi, komanso idapempha akatswiri a ku Swiss.

Patatha chaka chimodzi sukulu inatseguka kwa anthu omwe akufuna kudziwa ntchito yowonera otsogolera. Ndipo m'chaka cha 2012, Jean Claude Kene, yemwe amadziwika bwino kwambiri, adalowa mugulu la akatswiri.

Uglich chomera "Chaika"

Ntchitoyi inakhazikitsidwa mu 1942 ku Uglich. Poyamba, ankapanga ma rubies ndi corundum, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamanja. Ndi miyala iyi yomwe imakongoletsa ulonda wa akazi a okonza Russia. Panthawi yomwe ilipo, chomeracho chabwereza mobwerezabwereza ndondomeko yokonzanso.

Kotero, poyamba poyamba panali mizere iwiri yokha yomwe ikugwira ntchito pa iyo, yotsogolera pa nkhani ya ulonda wa Zvezda. Pambuyo pake, chiwerengero chawo chinawonjezeka kwambiri. Panali zothandizira pansi pa logo "Seagull", komanso "Gloria". Panthawiyi, kupanga mawotchi kumapitiriza kupanga "Chaika" yamakono, omwe amapanga mafano atsopano a golidi ndi siliva.

Factory "Molniya" ku Chelyabinsk

Anthu ambiri a ku Russia omwe amapanga mawotchi amatha kuchitira nsanje phokoso ndi ubwino wopanga fakitale ya Watch Chelyabinsk "Molniya", yomwe inakhazikitsidwa mu 1947. Kuyambira kutsegulira kwake, kampaniyo yadziwika kwambiri popanga zipangizo zamakono kwa amayi ndi abambo. Pakalipano, malo omwe zomerazo zimakhala ndizochepa. Komabe, izi sizinakhudze mtundu wa mankhwala omwe adalengedwa. Panthawiyi chomeracho chimapanga mizere yambiri ndi mawonekedwe otsatirawa:

• Pocket;
• Zojambulajambula;
• Kupanga ndege;
• Zojambulajambula.

Chiwonetsero chowonekera kwambiri pa amuna

Kupanga chiwerengero cha mawotchi otchuka kwambiri a amuna, poyamba, mwinamwake, mukhoza kuika chizindikiro cha "Ulemerero", wotulutsidwa ndi nyumba yamalonda ndi dzina lomwelo. Kumayambiriro kwa 1924, idapangidwa ndi ndalama zambiri komanso zapadera, ndipo zinatumizidwa ku England, France ndi Canada.

Pa sitepe yachiwiri, muyenera kutumizira ovomerezeka a boma la Russia - "Spetsnaz", yokonzedwa ndi kampani "The Move Move". Malo achitatu - chizindikiro chamakono chomwe chimakhala ndi chipangizo chokhazikika - "Nika", yotulutsidwa ndi kampani ya Moscow yofanana. Izi ndizowona siliva ndi golidi. Wojambula waku Russia anagwira ntchito yabwino kupanga mawonekedwe oyambirira ndi okongola.

Mzere wachinayi ukugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ulonda wa amuna a wolemba kuchokera ku McTime, wopangidwa ndi zokonzedwa zokha ndipo amapangidwa mu makope ochepa. Pa mzere wachisanu wa chiwerengerocho ndi makina atatu okha: "Nthawi ya Russia", "Flight-Chronos" ndi "Pilot-Time."

Izi ndizozipangizo zamtengo wapatali m'masewero ndi masewera. Pakati pachisanu ndi chimodzi mukhoza kuchoka maulendo a zibangili "Polet-Elite", operekedwa ndi siliva ndi golidi, olimba "Petroff" ndi "Romanoff", omwe ali ndi malonda a bizinesi.

Kodi mawotchi abwino kwambiri azimayi ndi otani?

Pakati pa mawotchi achikopa a akazi, mtsogoleri wosatsutsika ndi omwe amaimira chizindikiro cha Polet. Ndipo izi ndi zomveka, chifukwa ambiri a mafano ali ndi mapangidwe apamwamba, amapatsidwa njira zoyambirira komanso zolimba kwambiri zopangidwa ndi zitsulo zamtengo wapatali. Zowonjezera "mundane" ndipo zosakwera mtengo ndizo "Buran", zomwe zimaphatikizapo miyala ya safiro, korona ndi mwala wachilengedwe. Kachitatu pa chiwerengero cha zipangizo zamkazi zabwino zomwe mungachoke "McTime". Mawotchi oterewa amayamikiridwa osati kungolemba, siliva kapena golidi "phukusi", komanso miyala yamtengo wapatali ya diamondi.

Pa sitepe yachinayi tinayika "Chokometsera" chapamwamba chochokera ku nyumba ya malonda "Polet". Pa maulonda awa, monga lamulo, pali kubalalika kwa miyala yamtengo wapatali ndi kuunika kochepa kwa nsalu.

Maofesi a mawotchi a opanga Russian

Pakati pa magulu otchuka a mawotchi opangidwa ndi Russia, ndizotheka kusiyanitsa zotsatirazi:

• Nyenyezi.
• "Patsani moni".
• The Vega.
• "East" ndi ena.

Zonsezi zimayenera kusamala kwambiri. Izi ndizotsimikizirika momveka bwino za mwayi ndi malonda a makampani opanga ulonda.