Papermaking luso: panyumba, fakitale, ku China

Kodi basi sanali kulemba anthu! Miyala, makoma phanga, nkhuni, dongo ndi miyala, zipilala mkuwa ... Mwina, chifukwa cha atsopano, panali kunena zoti si aliyense angakhale naco nkhwangwa ndi olembedwa. Koma palibe zipangizo izi zosoŵa kwa kulemba. Mpaka ndiye, mpaka anatulukira pepala.

Kagwiridwe Kutulukira papermaking ku China kwa nthawi yaitali zimachitika Tsay Lyunyu, lachifumu olemekezeka. Osachepera, iye ndiye woyamba mlanduwu Pempho kwa mfumu ya China ndi oyamba ake ambiri njira ya zotsimikizira pepala. wolemekezeka Scientific mwapadera wosanganiza hemp ndi mabulosi CHIKWANGWANI, phulusa, madzi, nyenyeswa za nsalu anazikuta mu mawonekedwe awo, angaimbidwenso kotero anachita opanga zikopa ndi amtunduwu. Mfumu anavomereza pempho. Ndipo kotero izo zinachitika kuti, pamene zinthu zofanana China mwachita kale pempho wolemekezeka, Kutulukira pepala ndi analembedwa ndi Davideyo.

papermaking luso anali bwino m'mayiko onsewa ndi pepala anadzakhala wotchuka kwambiri, ngakhale kwambiri khalidwe zakuthupi.

Mu 1770, Mlengi anakhoza kulenga Whatman unsembe, wokonzeka kuchotsa pepala limafotokoza mawonekedwe yomwe zouma. Patatha zaka 30 France anamanga woyamba pepala makina. Kuyambira pamenepo pepala wakhala kudziwika paliponse ndipo salinso kuchepekedwa.

Lero, pepala kupanga luso ntchito kupyolera ndipo imakhala magawo angapo.

Mu gawo loyamba la feedstock zakonzedwa. Dulani paini ndi spruce, kudula iwo mu zitsulo, oshkurivayut mu makina wapadera ntchito njira okarivaniya youma. mipiringidzo katungulume pulverized mu tchipisi.

Gawo lachiwiri - kupanga mankhwala theka-yotsirizidwa. papermaking luso zikutanthauza kuti masitolo nkhuni MACH mosamalitsa tchipisi akusisita nkhuni shredder, lisanduke zamkati a. Zokambirana izi zamkati ndi nsaluzi zinkangokhala ndipo ankaganiza.

Wachitatu siteji zamkati ndi thermomechanical zamkati osokonezeka, anawonjezera mapadi, zosankhidwa, nsaluzi zinkangokhala na tenepo yekha anatumiza kwa pepala kupanga makina. Mu makina amenewa grids anapanga ukonde umene madzi chatsanulidwa atolankhani. pepala Kenako zouma mu zonenepa, kupanga kwambiri yosalala mothandizidwa ndi masikono calender, chilonda pa odzigudubuza mawonekedwe, kusema zamitundu ankafuna.

Izi luso pepala kupanga ndi drawback chimodzi chokha: izo kwambiri kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa nkhuni dziko.

Gawo lirilonse la mafakitale pepala ali dzina lakelake.

• Pretreatment kapena kudzikundikira. The zopangira wasweka, wothira fillers, chekeni kapena whitening wothandizira, izo alowa dziwe kusungiramo kusanganikirana, amene ntchito - awonetsetse uyende makina papermaking.
• Kuyenga, mwachitsanzo mayikidwe a dongosolo zamkati.

Masiku ano, mayiko ena (mwachitsanzo, Japan) kwa alendo zopangidwa ndi dzanja pepala. Iye poyamba amawoneka okwera mtengo koma ndi mphatso yaikulu.

anthu ochepa mukudziwa kuti pepala angathe kupanga ... kunyumba.

luso Home papermaking

1. Ife kupera pepala zinyalala (zopukutira m'manja zimapezeka, pepala, etc.), Dzadzani na madzi, kumenya ndi chosakanizira mpaka yunifolomu "mtanda."

2. Onjezerani zomatira Kusakaniza, kufalitsa mu thireyi wa gululi ndi, yokutidwa ndi gauze. Ife amapotoza manja anu, agwirizane, kuphimba ndi gauze ndipo anaika atolankhani.

3. Asiye kwa masiku angapo, kosalekeza kutembenukira kwa wogawana outflow chinyezi.

pepala ili kunyumba sadzakhala amasiyana kukongola yapadera, koma ndi abwino kwambiri chifukwa kachikumbutso, makamaka ana.

Izi si lapadera, koma chophweka njira yopanga pepala kunyumba.