Petrushka zisudzo mbiri ndi ntchito. zidole, amasonyeza

Amakhulupirira kuti malo ano chidole zisudzo ndi India ndi Ancient China. Kenako mtundu uwu wa luso demokalase wakhala kutchulidwa asangalatsi akuyendayenda, mwina Majipise, ku Greece, ndipo kuchokera kumeneko kufalitsa ku Ulaya. Pamene zidole anaonekera m'dziko lathu, Sizikudziwika, koma Russian wowerengeka zisudzo Petrushka za zitatu zaka, unali wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa anthu amisinkhu yonse ndi makalasi.

prehistory

Ochita kafukufuku amakhulupirira kuti pali mitundu 3 Russian chidole zisudzo :

• zidole, mmene zidole opareshoni ntchito ulusi;
• Petrushka zisudzo - ndi zithunzi za anthu otchulidwa, puppeteer imakoka zala zake;
• kubadwa kwa Yesu powonekera - zisudzo imene zidole zima- wotetezedwa ndodo ndi adutsa pa slits anapanga bokosi yakucemerwa.

Njira yamasika anali wotchuka yekha mu zigawo kum'mwera kwa dzikoli ndi Siberia, mpaka mochedwa zidole 19 m'ma, chifukwa zovuta za kanjedza ntchito, ankagwiritsa ntchito kawirikawiri. Choncho, polankhula za Russian chisanadze chosintha mapulogalamu zidole nthawi zambiri mu malingaliro zisudzo Petrushka. Iwo nalo dzina lake pa waukulu khalidwe zisudzo mokondwera, ankasewera panja pa msewu.

Amene ndi ya parsley

dzina uyu ali mogwirizana zidole, imene nthawi zambiri atavala mu malaya ofiira, thalauza nsalu ndi kapu peaked ndi ngayaye. Ilo likadali si bwino kwathunthu chifukwa nkhope yake kale Ufumuyo "si Russian" mbali. Makamaka, mutu wake chopambanitsa lalikulu ndi manja, zofiirira nkhope, lalikulu maso amondi zooneka ndi mphuno zitamangiriridwa. Ambiri mwina, parsley maonekedwe zimayambira pa mfundo kuti analengedwa m'chifaniziro cha Chitaliyana Pulcinella.

Pa chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe, ndi wakunyengeza ndi wakuba amene alibe kulemba malamulo ena aliwonse.

Maonekedwe a Petrushka

Mu Russia, ndi mogwirizana zidole ndi zinthu zachilendo ndipo dzina lake Ivan Ratyutyu anaonekera m'zaka 17. Komabe, kwambiri ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito dzina chikutha, iye analandira zaka 200 zokha ina. Mwa njira, parsley ankayimiridwa ngati Petro (nthawizina Petrovich) viniga.

Kufotokozera za zisudzo pa siteji oyambirira

M'zaka za m'ma 17 zoimira ankaimba popanda uziwatchinga. More ndendende, bwaloli miyambo Petrushka ananena kudzipeleka kwa wosewera yekhayo amene zingwe lamba siketi. Kuti Betelehemu wake sewn hoop kuwuka amene anatembenuka kukhala puppeteer saona kuwafunsa mafunso ochititsa manyazi. Iye sakanakhoza kusuntha manja ake momasuka ndipo zikuimira zithunzi ndi nawo zilembo ziwiri. Mu nkhani iyi, comedian pafupifupi nthawi zonse ntchito mu tandem ndi bearish mtsogoleri ndi zinthu monga ntchito chisudzo.

Kufotokozera za zisudzo pambuyo pa zaka za m'ma 19

Popeza 1840s anayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito nsalu yotchinga. Mpheroyi mafelemu atatu, amene stapled ndi omangika chintz. Iye anaika pansi, ndipo anabisa puppeteer. Kuvomerezedwa khalidwe, popanda zomwe zinali zosatheka kuyerekeza zisudzo Petrushka, anali mbiya-limba. Izo zikumveka touted omvera, ndipo kuseri kwa nsalu yotchinga comedian kulankhula ndi anthu kupyolera wenzulo wodzipereka. Pa ntchito, iye ankakhoza kuthamanga kwa omvera mu suti ya parsley: ndi mphuno yaitali ndi kapu wofiira. Pankhaniyi, limba chopukusira anakhala mnzake ndi limodzi anasewera zithunzi azithunzithunzi.

zidole

Zisudzo Petrushka, mbiri ya amene asanamvetsetse, ankaonedwa chinthu chachimuna. Mawu a puppeteer anali squeaky ndi akulu, ntchito wenzulo wapadera, malikhweru, amene anaikapo mu mmero. Komanso, puppeteer ndayesera kuti ndiyankhule kudya ndi chonyansa kuseka aliyense pa nthabwala zake.

ziwembu

Masewero Theatre (ya parsley ndi waukulu awo, koma si ngwazi) anali wokongola wonyong'onya. Main mitu: mankhwala ndi maphunziro a usilikali, kukumana ndi mkwatibwi, kugula ndi chiyesedwe cha akavalo. Zithunzi anatsatira wina ndi mnzake mu dongosolo linalake. Kutalika kwa ntchito pafunika nthawi yaitali bwanji omvera chopatsika chidwi ili ntchito msewu.

Izo zikuchitika mu ndondomeko izi:

• Ya parsley wasankha kugula kavalo ku Gypsy-profiteer. Iye akhala malonda ndi wogulitsa. Ndiye ntchito iyi kazivutitsa iye, ndipo iye atagunda ya chi amene ali kuthamanga.
• Ya parsley amayesetsa akukwera kavalo wake, koma iye lotayako iye ndipo amapita pambuyo Baryshnikov, kusiya Machenjera bodza chete.
• adokotala akubwera. Iye akufunsa Petrushka za matenda ake. Iwo likukhalira kuti kuwonjezera matenda chikwi. Dr. ya parsley ndi nkhondo, chifukwa wodwala adzaitana dokotala mbuli. Bully imaphwanya truncheon zachipatala pamutu.
• Zikuoneka miyezi itatu iliyonse ndipo akupempha ya parsley chifukwa anapha dokotala. Dodger amayankha kuti "oipa sayansi awo akudziwa." Ndiye, parsley ukugunda club miyezi itatu iliyonse ndi wamupha. Resorts galu. Ya parsley akutembenukira kwa omvera ndi amuthandize iye. Ndiye iye akuyesera cajole galu ndipo akulonjeza kudyetsa mphaka ake nyama. Dog akusowa Petrusha mphuno ndipo kokerani kutali. Mu nkhaniyi inatha, ndipo omvetsera osiyanasiyana.

"Petrushkina Ukwati"

Nthawi zina, kawirikawiri pa Carnival ndi zikondwerero zina, ntchito pa zofuna za anthu akhoza kupitiriza kuposerapo. Ndiye ife tasewera powonekera "Ukwati Petrushka". Nkhani yake inali aakulu ndi zosafunikira. Petrushka anabweretsa mkwatibwi, omwe anali kuphunzira mu njira monga ngati icho chinali kavalo. Pambuyo anavomera kukwatira Mkwatibwi anayamba yaitali kukopa "nsembe" pamaso pa ukwati. Kuyambira pamenepa ntchito oonera Pochoka, pochoka ana. Anthu otsala nsangala anamvera nthabwala zonyansa parsley.

Panadzakhalanso poyera ndi wansembe kapena kalaliki. Komabe, chifukwa zifukwa kufufuza izo sizinali m'gulu lililonse la zopereka, kumene Mabuku a maganizo ndi ya parsley lajambulidwa.

"Imfa"

Mwa mawonekedwe a zisudzo ndi Petrushka anali mmodzi kwambiri yolakwika, amene anapambana pa mbali yaikulu. Zinali Imfa, amene pambuyo altercation wapakamwa anachotsa ndi parsley. Komabe, ngwazi posachedwapa anaukitsa kwina. Mfundo imeneyi chifukwa chakuti ofufuza ena anayamba kupeza ulalo pakati ya parsley ndi milungu yachikunja, amene wamphamvu anafa ndi inaubwezeranso apa ndi apo.

Moscow owonetsera zidole

Pamaso pa October kuukira boma la mosalekeza zikugwira ntchito mabungwe chikhalidwe kulibe, ndi zisudzo zinali zakuti mwa ojambula zithunzi limodzi m'misewu kapena m'misasa, kapena iwo tinaitanidwa ku m'nyumba moti anachereza alendo. The kwenikweni koyamba zidole owonetsera mu Moscow inayamba mu 1930s oyambirira. Yotchuka kwambiri iwo anadzakhala waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse. Theatre izi. Obraztsov. Ndi ili ku adiresi: up. Sadovaya-Timizereto, d. 3. Kupatula iye, pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo anaonekera ku likulu Moscow zidole Theatre, pachiyambi analengedwa kuti Kukwezeleza mabuku ana. Iye anabwera dziko ndi anayambitsanso amaonetsa ntchito yatsopano mwa olemba Soviet, olembedwa makamaka kwa achinyamata.

Kenako, anali owonetsera ena zidole mu Moscow: "mbalame", "Firebird", "N'labwino Kwabasi", "Komiti" ndi ena. Mu mukhoza kuwona zisudzo ana osati kokha, komanso zisudzo, mwapadera kwa akulu.

Zidole Theatre "Petrushka"

Kusunga miyambo ya zisudzo Russian msewu ana ndi akulu, Andrey Shavel ndi zojambulajambula Valentina Smirnova bungwe latsopano gulu la kulenga. Iye anaitana Theatre Russian Anthu "Petrushka" ndi debuted mu 1989 mu mzinda wa Frezino.

Zisudzo umakonza ulaliki Mphindi 30 wosatha pa msewu ndi kuyesera kuti asasiye ndi zithunzi chikhalidwe nkhani farce.

The zikamera wa zisudzo "Petrushka" chifukwa chilakolako cha oyambitsa ake kusunga zonse zimene zinali mu msewu misa luso la kalelo.

The zisudzo ndi ankaimba ndi m'nyumba. Zikatero, amaonetsa tikuuzidwa kuti mbiri ndi ya parsley ndi Russian farcical zisudzo. Mu ntchito zake, zisudzo ntchito eni, kuli buku zowonetsera ndi zidole kuti anali akapolo anzawo akale, kuchereza omvera pa m'mizinda ya Russian zaka 150-200 zapitazo.

Tsopano inu mukudziwa momwe panali chidole Russian wowerengeka zisudzo. Ya parsley ndi lero ndi chidwi ana, choncho onetsetsani kuti kuwanyeketsa ndi kuwatsiriza ena kusewera mu kalembedwe buffoonery.