Port Arthur, kapena Lushun

The okonzeka kwambiri asilikali m'munsi mu China ndi m'tauni akuzigawo ndi kanthu kuwauza dzina Lushun, koma dziko lapansi ndi malo kudziwika monga Port Arthur.

Inali mu dera la kumadzulo kwa gombe Liaodong Bay, pa womwenso ndi doko, ndi mbali zinayi wazunguliridwa ndi mapiri, ngati mwapadera analengedwa ndi cholinga kubisalira Zombo Zankhondo mdani.

Kuyambira m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi mochedwa, pamene China ali oti muli nazo zida zombo, Port Arthur anakhala m'munsi chachikulu gulu kumpoto. Kulamulidwa ndi Japanese kuchokera 1894 chaka 1895-TH, iye anali, malinga ndi Pangano la Shimonoseki, iwonso lendi. Komabe, chinthu ichi zosemphana ndi zofuna za Germany, France ndi Russia, zomwe kwambiri akufuna kubwerera ku China Adamchotsa mphamvu ya pachilumbachi.

Anatsegula kukhalapo kwake mu East, Russian ngakhale angapo masitepe umalimbana kupeza yobwereka Liaodong Bay ndi Peninsula, ndipo ngakhale milandu kupereka ziphuphu akuluakulu Chinese udindo wapamwamba. Mu chaka cha 1898 mgwirizano umenewu ndipo kunatha, ndipo Port Arthur kenako kukhala m'munsi mwenimweni mwa Russian zombo m'dera Pacific.

Zimenezi sanali Japan. Mu February 1904 inayamba woyamba wa Chirasha Japanese mikangano, imene Russian asilikali wachita zambiri kulakwitsa. Ngakhale amalinyero ndi asilikali wamba kumenyana ngati ngwazi weniweni, koma usilikali, amene sanakonzekere zoterezi mapeto otaika nkhondo imeneyi. Ndalama ngati yopapatiza kupanda tsankho mtsogoleri Russia analidi mantha. Kuwonjezera pa zinthu zakuthupi ndiponso anthu zomvetsa pa nkhondoyo, izo zimayenera kugwirizana zinthu zocititsa manyazi. Kulola Port Arthur inatha Pangano la Portsmouth, imene zinyalala Japanese si a Liaodong Peninsula ndi South Manchurian thirakiti Railway, komanso theka la Sakhalin.

Kusangalala Russian anali kudikira kwa pafupifupi zaka makumi anayi.

Izo zinali kokha mu August 1945, poyamba anaikira mu East Far ndi Trans-Baikal magulu ankhondo anali kuyamba kumenyana. The Japanese anakaniza mwaukali koma mwamsanga pamene asilikali athu anali wokhoza kumatula mu phata la Hailar ndi kugonjetsa angaloŵe, monga anachitira Japanese, Wamkulu Hinggan, ndi makhalidwe a mdani anali wosweka.

The makumi awiri wachitatu wa August pa Port Arthur pa parachutes, ndi seaplanes anatsika ankafika chidwi Japan linagonja mzinda wopanda nkhondo.

Zinali, mwina, pa nthawi yokhayo ntchito pamlingo Russian kwakukuru imachitika pa chiyambi mpaka ku mapeto.

Mu chaka chomwecho Soviet Union chidzatha ndi Kuomintang mgwirizano wotchuka boma limene Port Arthur amataya pangano lake kwa zaka makumi atatu. Koma zaka zingapo, Chan Kay-shek adathawa, ndiye Party utsogoleri si kusokoneza kugona ndi mlongo nthawi kuti CPC kumayambiriro 1955 ndipo anamasulidwa ku Port Arthur, akuchotsa izo asilikali ake onse.

Port Arthur lero - ndi mzinda chatsekedwa, pali sikuloledwa ochokera m'mayiko akunja. Ndipo kokha pa phula 203rd ndi Russian manda mwayi udakalipo.