Kutha kudzinenera: dzina

Kodi ntchito pangozi? ukatswiri Kodi wapita kwa nthawizonse mu mbiriyakale, ena pafupi kutha, ndi zomwe yekha uka - Nkhaniyi ili.

N'chifukwa chiyani ena ntchito kutha

M'zaka za m'ma 21, ambiri osauka kwambiri. Kumasintha maonekedwe a midzi, atsopano ndi mizinda alipo akukulira mofulumira, njira zamakono za moyo wabadwa. Yaikulu maholo kupanga m'malo ntchito makina anthu maloboti, zina akhala kusandulika kupitirira kuzindikira poyerekeza Mu zaka zapitazo ndipo ngakhale khumi zapitazi, osiyana ndi chiyani kupita anaiwalika. Pa nkhani imeneyi, mfundo "anazimiririka ntchito." Za izo, ife kufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane m'munsimu.

Pamodzi ndi zenizeni kusintha ndi mbiri maina ambiri a kudzinenera. Ena chabe asinthe dzina lake ndi lakuti osiyana, koma pali anthu amene kwathunthu udzawonongedwa. owayimilira sadzatipeza pa nkhani msewu angapezeke mu yachokera mbiri ndi kuwona - kupatula mu mafilimu kapena kupanga zisudzo.

Kudzinenera kuti simuli

Zikutha kudzinenera salinso zogwirizana. Chifukwa chitukuko mofulumira sayansi ndi ndondomeko zina ukatswiri akusiya zoyenerera. Makina m'malo manja aumunthu ndi kupirira pafupifupi zamanja onse mofulumira kwambiri Cofunika kwambiri. Zokha njira zambiri kwambiri amachepetsa mitengo ya zinthu ndipo nthawi yomweyo kumawonjezera zokolola za ndondomeko iliyonse. Akuluakulu zoipa zotsatira za kukhala ntchito yatha, ulova, monga Motero - impoverishment ya anthu ndi kuwonjezeka mu kusagwirizana chikhalidwe mu dziko. Choncho, boma tsopano amaika kwambiri khama kuonetsetsa kuti aliyense angathe kukhala zogwirizana panopa zenizeni ntchito. Lililonse n'kofunika kuphunzira ndi kupeza luso m'madera ofunikira anthu.

Ulendowu zakalekale

Tiyeni tikumbukire ntchito wakale kuti ataya kutchuka kwawo ndipo anali kokha mu masamba a mbiriyakale. Maina a ena a iwo odziwika bwino, ena kuwomba kwambiri alendo ndiponso sankadziwa.

TOP kudzinenera kuti sadzakhalakonso:

• Dagerrotipisty. Iwo analenga chithunzi zithunzi choyamba. Panalibe makamera, ndipo anali mbale siliva, amene analenga akatemera woyamba kwambiri. Iwo anali m'malo mwa ojambula amene kutsamba pa tepi. Koma ili ndi mtundu zosiyana za ntchito Choncho, otetezeka kunena kuti dagerrotipisty kale kukhala gawo la mbiri.
• Chimney chikusesa. Nthawi zonse anapita kukafuna chimneys zauve. Popanda khama lawo ndi ntchito sachita chilichonse banja limodzi. M'badwo panopa amadziwa ntchito imeneyi chifukwa cha nthano ndi nthano amene anapulumuka. chikusesa Chimney amalemekezedwa kwambiri ngati yoyeretsa ya chimneys, mapaipi ndi fireplaces anachenjeza moto.
• Pied Piper. Ine ndikutsimikiza ambiri sanamvepo mayina a kudzinenera. Koma kwenikweni anali malo ofunika kwambiri ndi woopsa, anthu awa Tingayerekeze ndi odziwika. Anasungadi mzinda wonse ku mliri wa makoswe, amene onyamula weniweni wa dothi ndi matenda. Kuti anabweretsa makoswe mliri kuti m'zaka za m'ma 16 zinawonongedwa theka la Europe. Masiku ano, mayiko ambiri mosamalitsa kusunga dongosolo, kuteteza kufala kwa zimbudzi ndi zinyalala. Pamene muyenera zonse kuyeretsa malo wamba, ntchito ziphe amphamvu ndi kulamulira ena tizilombo. M'mbuyomu, zikwi makoswe anawononga pamanja.

anapitiriza mndandanda

• Stonebreaker. Kugwira ntchito mwakhama, imene anthu anamwalira. Ntchito kuzungulira koloko wosweka miyala ntchito yomanga. Tsopano chinkhoswe mu mwala migodi apadera zida ntchito ndi munthu.
• Lamplighter. Maulo iwo anapita kukagwira ntchito ndi ndodo yaitali, anayatsa nyali msewu ndi kuyatsa chithandizo mu mzinda. Inde, n'zokayikitsa kuti kamodzi munalibe magetsi.
• Telephonists. Iwo sanali kale, koma lero, mu "foni dziko m'manja," okalamba ntchito unatha. Ndipo kamodzi, kumva wolembetsa akufuna, kunali koyenera kuti funsani telefoni kuti patsogolo chizindikiro mpaka ankafuna.
• Typist. Akazi zoikamo onse kusindikiza kwa maola kulemba mawu, akugunda, ngati mfuti ya makina, mafungulo a makina olembera a. N'zovuta kulingalira kuti lero, munthu amene amagwira ntchito pachidachi cholowa.
• Schetchitsy. Kuntchito, akazi awa anali ngongole kokha ndi pepala ndi cholembera manotsi. Aliyense kampaniyo, yowerengera Kumvetsela anakhala dona, wokhoza masekondi kuti gwetsa manambala pa nkhani fupa. Patapita zaka zingapo zapitazo, panalibe Chiwerengero, ndi mawerengedwe zovuta analengedwa mu nkhani. Ntchito kokha mwa akazi, popeza njira zambiri udindo kwa iwo, ndipo anali makamaka kupirira.
• Woyendetsa - ndi zashuga, adatulutsa Galeta la akavalo. Koma mkubwela kwa galimoto anthu asiya kupita ku ngolo ndi chaises, bwanji, sipafinikanso mu zapaderazi izi.
• Occupation shoeshine kale kwambiri akumufuna. Akuda nsapato - ndi mtundu woipa, kotero amuna onse mkulu ndi chabe bwino nthawi zonse anaima pa mpando, kuzungulira amene swirled wamng'ono mwana ndi maburashi ndi nsapato osalala.

Little odziwika zinatha ntchito

Mndandanda wa kudzinenera chosowacho m'gulu amene atamva za ambiri. Ndipo apo iwo anali adakali wamng'ono kudziwika: buoy osunga, balagoly, coopers, komashniki.

Patapita zaka 15-18 anawonjezera malo Tselovalnik. Anthuwa kwenikweni anatsatira akamaliza bolodi chuma ndi alimi pa mangawa munthu (akuluakulu a msonkho sichoncho?), Adatenga mbali mu mayesero ndi apolisi anaziika. Pa poganiza ofesi Adalumbira kuona mtima nampsopsonetsa mtanda.

Kumangidwa sanachite popanda Kopacz, nasypaly, razvozily ndi mbale. Masiku ano, ntchito zawo ikuchitika mwa anakumba zinthu zakale, cranes ndi makina ena.

Panali ambiri ukatswiri wina, popanda zomwe n'zovuta kuyerekeza anthu m'mbuyomu.

Kudzinenera kuti kutha

Akatswiri zonse kusunga malipoti a ukatswiri otchuka ndi amene ali pafupi kutha. Pangozi ntchito lero amadziwika onse. patsogolo Super kusala kudya kwa sayansi ndi chitukuko cha Internet kulengedwa ntchito yatsopano, koma kunena tiwonana ndi zamanja mwachizolowezi.

Nazi zitsanzo za ntchito posachedwapa udzawonongedwa. Ichi ndi ndondomeko sizingasinthe. Komabe, ngati chitonthozo ambiri tinganene kuti kusintha imabwera latsopano kalasi, mndandanda wa zomwe nthawi zonse zatsopano.

Kutha kudzinenera:

• Packer. Mabizinezi sipafinikanso kuti pamanja kumunyamula, anthu posachedwapa m'malo maloboti. Makina musati amafuna mlungu, iwo safuna chipatala, ndipo kusaletsapo bwana. Pakuti malonda ambiri komanso mafakitale ikuyenda ku zokha zonse kupanga.
• Kondakitala. Modern mabasi ndi magalimoto okonzeka ndi turnstile a. Iwo anaika pakhomo. Kutenga basi, muyenera kumanga khadi kapena kuchotsa bilu zolondola. Likukhalira, palibe munthu amene awagwira "mbalame" ndi kugulitsa matikiti kuyenda.
• Mailman, ndi anawapatsa ndalama.
• Mabuku.
• Mtolankhani. Iwo lidzaloŵa m'malo copywriters ambiri.
• Itanani woyendetsa pakati.
• Wachter, concierge, pamalo woyendetsa, mtumiki.
• Logistician.
• Mgodi.
• Zovala, nsalu, woumba mbiya.
• Yowerengera, zachuma.
• Wazomangamanga.

Kuchepetsa mndandanda wa osema kumidzi

Ambiri akumidzi Akusowera ntchito. Fewer mowers, antchito m'minda, pickers zipatso, abusa ndi blacksmiths. Ntchito yawo yolalikira imagwiridwa okololawo, tillers, munda makina. Akavalo pa minda pang'ono kufika kumeneko, choncho palibe ntchito blacksmiths. Ndipo ng'ombe ambiri akhoza amangoona kufamuwa, kotero abusa anazimiririka. Makamaka noticeable ndondomeko kuchepetsa njira kumidzi m'mayiko anayamba capitalist, pamene m'mayiko osauka akadali adamfunsa ntchito yamanja m'minda.

Yosavuta kumva specialization ndi zogwirizana ndi dziko la umisiri zamakono. Science ndi zamagetsi mofulumira ikupita patsogolo, ndipo m'mayiko ambiri alibe nthawi kupita patsogolo. Mwina n'chifukwa chake m'madera ena a dziko lathu pali kudzinenera kuti akhala kuyambira adatsikira ku mbiri mu Europe.

Chimodzi mwa zotsatira za kugwa kwa USSR

Tiyenera amatchulanso ntchito ya USSR, lomwe unatha ndi kugwa kwa dziko.

Onse anaphunzira nafuna kuti atenge malo ake pa nomenclature phwando. Ngakhale kwambiri mlangizi chigawo komiti ya Party Communist - izo zikumveka monyadira zolimba. Osanenapo alembi komiti chigawo ndi ena. Zapita paliponse ndi atsogoleri mpainiya, amene anauza apainiya pa njira ya choonadi ndi bungwe mpata wokwanira. kudzinenera ambiri USSR mbisoweka pa nthawi imodzi yekha Union of Soviet Socialist.

The mozungulira zotsatira za kutha kwa ntchito zambiri

Zaka 50 zapitazo anali pa ntchito liniya, wakhala kutsimikizidwa ndi wosasunthika. Mnyamata amasankha ukachenjede sanakonde wake, maphunziro oyenera ndiponso moyo wonse ukugwira ntchito chimodzimodzi. Lero, chithunzicho ndi yosiyana. Mu zaka za umisiri mkulu-liwiro, chitsanzo ichi sachiza panonso. moyo wa anthu onse ayenera kuphunzira, kuphunzira watsopano, monga ulamuliro, yopapatiza zapaderazi.

Nacho mpikisano, kuopa ulova ndi zonse m'maganizo - zonsezi ali kungasokoneze thanzi la munthu, psyche wake, kuchititsa neuroses, maganizo, ndi matenda okhudza bongo. Chifukwa cha ntchito okhazikika - osati chidwi chokwanira linaperekedwa kwa banja, ana, anasiya kugwirizana yosavuta anthu. Zimenezi, zinagwira kupanda makhalidwe kwa ana, amene mwamsanga akufotokozera mu "wamkulu".

Chimodzi mwa zotsatira za mofulumira kusintha zenizeni ndi kutha kwa ntchito zambiri amakhala nyamuka ku ulova, ndi impoverishment ya anthu, kugwa mlingo kubadwa, zomwe zinagwira unyolo zimene mavuto zaziwerengero ndi kusagwirizana chikhalidwe.

Pano pali "wakuda" wamanga unansi wa New York bungwe kafukufuku.

ntchito m'tsogolo

M'malo mwa kudzinenera akufa kwenikweni kubwera msonkhano latsopano zenizeni ano. Chaka chilichonse, kutsogolera sukulu ndi mbiri yabwino kuloledwa kuphunzira zamanja latsopano. Ndipo n'zokhudza mwachindunji ndi makina, nanotechnology ndi makompyuta.

Nawu mndandanda wa kudzinenera kuti nthawi zambiri zofunika m'tsogolo:

• Kiberdvornik - atsogolere malamulo pa Intaneti.
• City wosamalira - amachititsa malo a mzinda.
• Master chosindikizira - katswiri mu 3D-yosindikiza.
• mbiri Personal - kukhazikitsa mizu anu onse ndi kulenga Nkhani banja.
• Katswiri wa microflora.
• Drone woyendetsa.

Lero, ndi chabe mfundo ongolankhula. Koma pamene wokayenda pamwezi ndipo ankaona ntchito wosangalatsa.