Reserve "Azas": nyama ndi zomera. Mbiri ya malo a "Azas"

Chapakatikati Todzha beseni mu Republic of Tuva, anakhazikitsidwa mu 1985. Iwo ali ndi malo a mahekitala 300,4. "Azas" - malo, mwachidule "yonena" zomwe zikumveka chimodzimodzi. M'nkhani ife angakuuzeni zambiri za izi zodabwitsa.

Mbiri ya

"Azas" - malo, analengedwa mu 1985 pa maziko a malo kufunika Republican "Azas". Cholinga - chitetezo ndiponso kuphunzira wapadera ndi mmene zilili panopa Todzha beseni ndi m'mapiri ozungulira chitetezo cha nyama ndi zomera la kum'mwera kwa Siberia.

mbali Hrs

Reserve "Azas" lili glaciation kale, limene analenga zimachititsa chilumbachi wapadera. Pansi pa beseni kuchokera kumadzulo kupita kum'mawa ndi kuchuluka kwa mamita 850 kuti 2000. Wazunguliridwa ndi mapiri, kufika kutalika mamita 2900.

Mountain Mtsinje Reserve pamakomo osiyana, clamps ndi mathithi. madzi awo ali muyere ndi poyela - kudzera iwo mukuona pansi miyala. The malo waukulu mwa mtsinje - ndi Sorug Azas.

Nyengo ofunda ndi chinyezi Ngerezi. Zima mu malo awa mphepo ndi ozizira kwambiri. Dzinja wokongola ozizira - ndi chilimwe frosts zidzachitika.

Osachepera January kutentha angafikire -54 ° C, koma zaka 15 zapitazo izo si kugwa m'munsimu -49 ° C. The tsiku kutentha ambiri January -28,7 ºC, July +14,6 ºC.

nthaka

Kapangidwe miyala ya m'dera nawo Paleozoic ndi Proterozoic miyala - conglomerates, sandstone, miyala, gneisses, schists, porphyry, intrusions lubwe. Kummawa iwo ataphimbidwa wandiweyani wosanjikiza tuff ndi basalt.

masamba dziko

Reserve "Azas" zimaonetsa lalikulu zosiyanasiyana zomera. Iye ukufanizidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana - meadows, minda, zithaphwi, Titafika pamalo. zomera apamwamba mtima awa akuimira mitundu 909, ambiri akupezeka mu Europe ndi ku Asia ndi Asia.

M'dera la malo zimapezeka ndi mitundu yoposa 20 zosiyanasiyana Mumapezekanso, zomwe zili mu malo ndi chinyezi mkulu. Banja zikuphatikizapo mitundu 5 ya mitengo ya paini, kuphatikizapo larch, mkungudza ndipo Siberia pine.

yofunika kwambiri mu mapangidwe malo amagwira ndi birch (fluffy ndi pendula) ndi mtengo msondodzi, amene kukula pa dothi miyala pamodzi mitsinje ndi nyanja.

"Azas" - Russian malo, omwe ali pansi pa zomera chitetezo ndi maluwa. Zikuphatikizapo slipper chidona, Orchis militaris, saussurea Dorogostaisky.

"Azas" - malo amene pali anthu oposa 200 mankhwala - spirea (pakati ndi dubrovkolistnaya) echinated rosehips, tchire Berry tolstolisty saxifrage, rowan Siberia ndi ena.

Kwa mitundu yokongola kukula mu malo a, pazikhalanso zosiyanasiyana Ranunculaceae ndi Asteraceae, mitundu yonse ya maluwa, ndipo ambiri a kakombo.

Mu Lakeshire ndi m'madambo angapezeke sedge ndi chithaphwi cranberries. Kuposa 6% ya gawo, "Azas" Nkhalango zatenga mitengo m'madambo. Ndi mitundu edible zipatso, kupatula cranberries mwakula mu nkhalango phiri nayonso a blueberries, cranberries ndi blueberries, ndi m'nkhalango lowland - wakuda currant imene imafikira ndi kutalika kwa 3 m, currants wofiira, pamodzi mitsinje limakula adyo nyama kapena anyezi kuwina.

The zomera pachikuto cha malo - izo ndi predominance nkhalango phiri nayonso (makamaka paini ndi deciduous), malo otsetsereka - steppes kutsogozedwa, pansi pa malo otsetsereka anapanga Titafika pamalo Goltseva ammudzi.

Titafika pamalo zitsamba anapereka madera mlombwa ndi predominance wa rhododendron Adams.

Reserve "Azas": nyama

The zomera za malo ndi mmene kwa m'dera lino lamapiri. Lero ukufanizidwa ndi mitundu 51 ya nyama zakuthengo, 23 amene ali osowa kapena pangozi.

Osiyanasiyana ambiri a m'mayiko amenewa makoswe kumuwombera. The yolimba, paini ndi nkhalango wosakaniza wakumana mapuloteni wamba. Pa mapiri pakati meadows Titafika pamalo ndi moyo njale njuchi dlinnohvostogo. Spring mu malo a n'kudzuka gologolo. Nyama imeneyi akuti ndi osowa kwambiri pano.

makoswe Small awa akuimira red-imvi ndi red-amatidwa vole, vole, Asian nkhalango mbewa. Nthawi zambiri muskrat, koma anthu ake waung'ono chiwerengero chifukwa chosowa chakudya, chifukwa cha madzi akuya yozizira koopsa.

Tuva Beaver

Nyama imeneyi ayenera kutiuza zambiri. Kutchula koyamba za Tuva Beaver anaonekera mu m'ma XIX - amapezeka malire chapamwamba za Yenisei. Am'deralo kuti nyama zimenezi ankaonedwa wopatulika, chifukwa kusaka izo inaletsedwa. Komabe, kumayambiriro 60s Beaver anthu amoyo pa Azas mtsinje anali anthu 24 okha. Lero, chiwerengerocho chawonjezeka maulendo oposa 3.

Beavers amakonda kusamukira ku malo akuya kwambiri, wodekha otaya ndi mabanki mkulu. Kumene, iwo kufunika kupereka chuma chakudya.

Reserve "Azas" - malo otters moyo mavuto adzaoneni - okwanira okha chakudya, kusowa malo okwanira dongosolo mabowo. Izi angauze chonde awo otsika.

Zilombo zolusa komanso nyama zina

otetezedwa ndi chiwerengero cha mimbulu si upambana anthu 60. Amadyetsa marals ndi mbawala yamphongo roe. Permanent anthu a m'dera limeneli anayamba zimbalangondo bulauni, amene ali kumayambiriro chilimwe, sankhani malo ndi zomera busa. M'dzinja iwo kupita kunkhalango, nthawi zina preying pa ungulates.

anthu Sable ndi zazing'ono - zosaposa atatu nyama pa mahekitala 1000. Izo wakudya zipatso, mtedza, rodent. Koma weasel ndi stoat amene timapemphera kwambiri. Nthawi zina mukhoza kuwona wolverine, ndipo mu malo m'madzi anthu a American mink ndi mtsinje otter.

M'dziko la malo ose moyo, amene kukuteteza wapadera.

mbalame

Nyanja amakhala wakuda khosi diver, Anseriformes anthu ang'ono ndi pakati nayonso nyanja.

M'nkhalango ya m'madzi ndi riparian zomera nyanja Azas zabwino abakha kukaikira mazira. Awa, ambiri wigeon, mallard, Tilu, shoveler, imvi bakha.

Woimira Mbalame zodya nyama ndi goshawk, wamba khwangwala ndi sparrowhawk, kusaka ang'onoang'ono mbalame - mpheta akawelewele.

Miimba kukhazikika mu zigwa za mitsinje nayonso ndi on Lake Azas. White-tailed mphungu - mbalame yaikulu ya nyama mu malo a. Akufika ku oyambirira April. Chiwerengero chawo khola ndipo sayambitsa nkhawa.

Pa malo lotseguka nkhalango ndi m'madambo zikukhazikitsa imvi Kireni.

"Azas" - malo, zithunzi zomwe mungathe kuwona kuchokera mu nkhani iyi, wakhala malo okhazikika mitundu inayi ya akadzidzi. The chilombo waukulu pakati mbalame - Ural kadzidzi. Kwambiri sangakhale anapeza chithaphwi kadzidzi, Mphamba ntchentche mu malo a yekha pa migrations nyengo. M'chaka mungathe kumva kadzidzi hooting. akadzidzi Small moyo mu nkhalango ya mdima.

Chakumapeto May - oyambirira June, nkhosa yaikulu swifts kudya pamwamba pa madzi. malo The imafalira belopoyasny, wakuda ndi oyera-khosi needletail. Pakati pa mbalame kawirikawiri ndi pangozi pa malo pali osprey, woyera-tailed mphungu, wakuda dokowe, golide mphungu, saker kabawi.

amphibia

Dongosolo la achule zokhala malo a "Azas" amatanthauza Siberia zimachitikira ndi moor chule zimene zafala pa malo chinyezi.

Zokwawa m'dera limeneli ndi ochepa komanso yosowa kwambiri buluzi (viviparous ndi nimble), cottonmouth ndi adder wamba.

paradaiso alendo

Reserve "Azas" - wokongola ya m'mapiri mitunda ndi mapiri, maphompho, cirques, mchere akasupe ndi nyanja ambiri. The malo m'dera ali malo 18 woyera, nampembedza ndi anthu zamakolo - tozhu tuvans. A kukopa wapadera malo awa amaonedwa arzhaans (Beach-Sorug, Oorash).

malo The kupangika maulendo alendo, amene timathandiza alendo ya m'mapiri ndi boreal m'chilengedwe, ndi miyambo achipembedzo imachitika pa magwero zachipatala moyo watsiku ndi tsiku wa abusa mphalapala.

Nyanja Azas - zachilengedwe cholowa m'dziko lino. Malowa ali pamtunda pamalo okwera mamita 944. Iwo akhoza anapitako pa ulendo tsiku.

Opanda chidwi zochepa ndi malire lalikulu ndi Nyanja Reserve - Kadish ndipo ambiri-Khol. mozama awo pazipita mamita 100.

Mu okwera, pali mapiri kwabasi, mitsinje phiri - mathithi ndi maphompho. malo Izi umasiyana ndi zokongola ya m'mapiri meadows.