Russia hypersonic chida

Ndi kusintha kwa luso la zida zatsopano ayamba apakhungu nkhani ya Baibulo la deterrence asilikali. Kukula woyamba zida hypersonic mwachangu kukayesedwa ndi China, United States ndi Britain, zomwe zimachititsa Russia ndi m'gulu izi mtundu manja, osati sizinatheke. okonza zoweta akugwira ntchito m'madera zazikulu ziwiri, kutenga nkhani osati lingathe amanyansidwa la zida hypersonic, komanso chitetezo. Siriyo kupanga zitsanzo za mtundu uwu mu maiko patsogolo angakhale n'zotheka za zaka 10, koma ife tikudziwa kale kuti m'badwo atsopano chida chitetezo sadzatha kuzikana ngozi zotere.

Features hypersonic chida

Ntchito zimene zimayikidwa patsogolo zida hypersonic pamaso anatitumiza mivi sitima, zochokera mu mlengalenga. PITANI mayesero prototypes kusonyeza kuti nkhokwe ya mbadwo watsopano pa dongosolo chimaposa analogues onse alipo chifukwa liwilo. Pamodzi ndi zida hypersonic chawonjezeka molondola ndi dzuwa la chiwonongeko. Zochita izi zikutanthauza kuti kudutsana wa chida angathe chitetezo lero n'zosatheka kapena zovuta.

Kuchokera pa ubwino omwe afunsidwa, akhoza kutsutsa kuti zotsatira analengedwa komanso kudabwa - chiwonongeko cha chandamale amapezeka pafupifupi ola limodzi pambuyo zochita. Lang'anani, ziwalo ali Russian zida hypersonic patsogolo popanda cholola nthawi yokonzekera mdani kubweza pini. Ngati ife kulankhula za kumenya osiyanasiyana, ndiye panyengo ndi zochepa kuti makilomita masauzande ochepa, koma posachedwapa n'zotheka kukwaniritsa chinthu kulikonse mu dziko.

hypersonic mfuti

Chimodzi mwa zingamuthandize Russian zikuchitika mu kalasi ndi kuuluka bwino potsatira njira hypersonic chida - mu atomu mfuti (kapena catapult). Izi zikuluzikulu ntchito poyambira aviaustanovki, umene ukugwira chilengedwe cha bungwe chinsinsi. Komabe, amadziwika kuti mfuti mu atomu sakutchedwa chabe liniya kupatsidwa ulemu galimoto, zimasweka Jets kuti mitengo kwambiri. Amaganiza kuti catapult adzakhala anaika pa wapadera ndege chonyamulira ndi kusamutsidwa pafupifupi 80 chikwi. Matani, yomanga zomwe chidzakwanira 2018.

Pakali pano, pali prototypes zida ofanana mu China ndi United States. Cholinga China, deta izi sizinachitike anatsimikizira, koma Pentagon kwa zaka 10 anatsogolera chitukuko mbali iyi, ndipo tsopano ali mbewu EMALS, anaikira ndege chonyamulira "Gerald Ford".

mivi hypersonic

Kwa nthawi yoyamba pa kufunika imathamanga kopitilira muyeso-mkulu pa zokwana akulankhula mu USSR, pamene anthu anayesera kuti azitha ballistic chida mapiko supersonic milandu m'malo nyukiliya. Extension wa lingaliro ili ndi atsopano Russian hypersonic chida mawonekedwe a ndege hypersonic (GLA). (. Oposa 5 zikwi m / s) Kuwonjezera pa liwiro zachitika dongosolo amatha kusintha njira yodutsamo - kuti nonclassical ndege chitsanzo pachikhalidwe anapanga imodzi mtundu. SFA amatha kuyenda mu mlengalenga ndi kulowa kubwerera ku mlengalenga, zimene ndi zosatheka ngakhale miyala ano.

Komabe, United States ndi musanyalanyaze Zimenezi. Chinthu china ndi makhalidwe a mphamvu ndi kuthekera ali ndithu otsika kachitidwe zoweta. Pakali pano, ku US ali ndi zida hypersonic a kalasi mu njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo Hyper-X ndi HySTR prototypes. Popeza Kukula kwa mobisa a zokhudza pang'ono, koma ife tikudziwa kuti ena a iwo ali pa nsanja ya mivi ballistic zida njira kuti kale kuchotsedwa msika.

azitsamba

Pa dzanja limodzi, pafupifupi onse a dziko, kutsogolera malangizo a chitukuko cha zida hypersonic anali umalimbana kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha mpweya chitetezo masiku ano. Koma pa dzanja zina, kunalinso bwino ndithu tikufunikira chitetezo ku kachitidwe ofanana ndi mdani, chifukwa kachitidwe kumbuyo alipo amakhala opanda kutsogolo kwa mizinga zouluka imathamanga kopitilira muyeso-mkulu.

A malangizo zingamuthandize polenga latsopano machitidwe m'badwo chitetezo ndi chitetezo Azamlengalenga - panyengo iwo angakhoze kokha kutsutsa mipata yopezeka chida hypersonic. Russia chikutanthauza ali akudziwa zambiri, monga zatsimikiziridwa mwa prototypes zida thermobaric ndi mu atomu. Ngakhale izi, okonzeka zopangidwa zitsanzo, kapena ngakhale zachikunja, malinga ndi amene mungakambirane za chitetezo chodalirika zida hypersonic panobe. Kukula kokha, kumene mukhoza theoretically kupereka ntchito kumbuyo kwa nthaka, ndi odana ndi chida dongosolo S-500, zomwe zimayembezereka yekha zosayembekezereka.

zotsatira chidwi

Ngakhale ambiri kuyerekeza mphamvu kugonjetsedwa hypersonic chida ndi kugwa kwa kugwa kwa miyala yochokera (chifukwa cha mlili wa mlingo kuyang'anira), zokwana alibe mabomba, kotero detonation ya zida za chinthu mdani si pangozi. Koma zida hypersonic loopsa kwambiri. Lingathe mphamvu wapatsidwa ochiritsira zachitsulo chipolopolo masekeli 20 makilogalamu, pa chiyambi-mmwamba amatenga zosaneneka kayendedwe mphamvu. Izi zimathandiza kuti zimachitika magetsi amene kumawonjezera ngati warhead chimafikira pakati pa njanji ziwiri Launcher. ndalama yaikulu mphamvu kuyamba zokwana mphamvu ndi achire wotsatira wa kutentha kwa mbiya ya chida - amene amapereka uliwonse hypersonic chida.

Zipangizo galimoto hypersonic

Chifukwa chimene kukhala kwambiri zingamuthandize Russian hypersonic chida kukopedwa onse injini ndege kwa aircrafts m'badwo watsopano. Pali roketi-ramjet, turbopryamotochnye ndi ramjet zosagwiritsa kachitidwe, moti kuchepetsa kulemera zida, koma pa nthawi yomweyo kukhala mkulu chidwi angathe. Mwachitsanzo, injini ramjet angakhale monga zipangizo ndi SPVRD scramjet, amene anayamba kuyambira 1960 ndipo lero ndi wokometsedwa dongosolo ntchito imathamanga kopitilira muyeso-mkulu.

m'madera ena a chitukuko

Ganizo zida hypersonic lapeza malo niches ena a m'banja asilikali mafakitale zovuta. Mwachitsanzo, ntchito njira zamakono otere saloledwa ngakhale polenga zoponya mabomba a. Otchedwa waveriders monga mizinga, ndi zachilendo kuuluka bwino potsatira njira zachinyengo, kulola kupita mu mlengalenga ndi kupulumutsa mafuta. Komanso, oimira gawo chitetezo mobwerezabwereza otchulidwa kuti Russia akukonza zokwana latsopano amayendetsera, hypersonic chokhala US chida-mtundu glider CAV Chimphamba.

Mwina patsogolo opanda ndege, imene injini ndege m'badwo watsopano adzakhala anaika. Mwanjira, mndandanda wa njira zimene akatswiri Russian ntchito, ndi yaikulu kwambiri, komanso m'tsogolo ayenera kupereka chitetezo ndi ogwira amanyansidwa angathe.

Pomaliza

Kumvetsetsa ano zida hypersonic wabweza zikomo kutchuka kwa United States, pamene lingaliro la "padziko lonse amenye zolimba 'anali kukonza. M'chaka anayamba mpikisano mikono, zaposachedwapa apatsira gawo mayeso a prototypes woyamba zida hypersonic. Russia zimatengera ngati si oyamba, mmodzi wa malo kutsogolera.

Mwa ubwino wake sakuphatikizapo mozama kusintha kwa zochitika wogwila mu gawo ili, ngati n'zotheka kaphatikizidwe mfundo mzinga hypersonic, ndi mpweya ndi chitetezo malo. Ndi kumanga nyumbayo akupangidwa ndege anayesedwa utsi zina, kuphatikizapo zipolopolo wa hydrogen, zabwino ndi injini hypersonic kwa zida za nkhondo.