Zener - kodi ichi ndi chiyani izo?

Zener - diode ndi michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi ndi wapadera katundu. Ngati michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi wamba pamene kulolerana n'zosiyana ndi insulator, izo imagwira ntchito imeneyi mpaka kukula ena a voteji ntchito, inatuluka kusintha chigumukire kusokonezeka amapezeka. Ndi kuwonjezeka mu otaya mwa zener diode n'zosiyana voteji sichitha chifukwa cha kuchepa njila kukaniza lapansi. Mu njira iyi zotheka kukwaniritsa mode olimba.

Pamene anatseka, ndi zener woyamba akapitirira yaing'ono panopa kutayikira. Mchitidwe khalidwe ngati resistor amene phindu kulimbana ndi lalikulu. Mu Kutha kwa zener kukana amakhala negligible. Ngati zina kupitiriza kulera athandizira voteji, amafotokozera akuyamba konzekera ndi pamene panopa kuposa phindu chovomerezeka kwa sizingasinthe matenthedwe wothawa. Ngati si anabweretsa kwa izo, kusintha kwa voteji ku ziro kwa malire kumtunda kwa katundu zener workspace asungidwa.

Pamene mwachindunji kugwiritsa zener makhalidwe diode musati amasiyana diode lapansi. Pamene olumikizidwa kwa tsa-kuphatikiza dera ndi opanda - kuti N-m'chigawo cha kusintha kukana ang'ono ndi kumatsika panopa kudzera mwaufulu. Iye kumawonjezera ndi athandizira voteji.

Zener - ndi diode wapadera, chikugwirizana makamaka chammbuyo. mchitidwe Choyamba ndi mu boma chatsekedwa. Pamene magetsi kusokonezeka zener voteji likhalebe zonse lalikulu osiyanasiyana panopa.

Umaperekedwa kwa anode zoipa ndi cathode - kuphatikiza. Beyond olimba (mfundo 2 munsimu) ndi overheat kumawonjezera Mwina kulephera selo.

makhalidwe a

zener diode magawo ali motere:

• U _ndime - olimba voteji pa mwadzina panopa I _vesi;
• _Nkhani Ine _Min - osachepera kusokonezeka magetsi kumayamba panopa;
• Ine _{St Max} - pazipita chovomerezeka panopa;
• TKN - kutentha koyefishienti.

Mosiyana ndi diode ochiritsira, ndi zener diode - chipangizo michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi, imene panopa-voteji khalidwe la munda wa kusokonezeka magetsi ndi matenthedwe zili patali mokwanira Chrixitu.

Ndi munthu pazipita kololeka panopa magawo ofanana, amapereka kawirikawiri matebulo - mphamvu madyaidya ndikuledzera:

P _Max = Ine _Max ∙ U _{ndime v.}

Kudalira kutentha kwa ntchito za zener diode angakhale TKN zabwino kapena zoipa. The yotsatana kugwirizana zinthu ndi zizindikiro zosiyana koefishienti ndi mwatsatanetsatane zener osati malinga Kutentha kapena kuzirala.

a dera la

A chithunzi lililonse wa stabilizer yosavuta lopangidwa ndi ballast kukana R _B ndi zener diode shunt katundu.

Nthawi zina, pali siudzalandilidwa ngathi lamulo la olimba.

1. Stabilizer infeed lalikulu voteji ku mphamvu zoyendetsera pamaso pa linanena bungwe fyuluta capacitor. Inrush panopa pamene nauza angachititse kulephera kwa zener diode kapena chiwonongeko cha resistor R _b.
2. katundu kukhetsa. Pamene ntchito kwa pazipita athandizira voteji wa zener diode panopa akhoza kupitiliza kololeka kuti atsogolere kuti uwonongedwe ndi magetsi. Nkofunika kutsatira pasipoti otetezeka m'dera opaleshoni.
3. Kulimbikira R _b amusankha ang'ono, kuti pa mtengo wotsikitsitsa zotheka kwa kotunga voteji ndi pazipita kololeka katundu panopa kwa zener diode ndi ntchito zone lamulo.

Kuteteza stabilizer ntchito thyristor chitetezo madera kapena mafyuzi.

Resistor R _b kuchita masamu mfundo:

R _B = (U _dzenje - U _SG) (I _V + Ine _n).

Zener panopa I _V amasankhidwa pakati pazipita ndi osachepera mfundo zovomerezeka, malingana athandizira voteji U _dzenje ndi katundu panopa I _N.

Kusankha zener

zam'mwamba ndi kusintha lalikulu mu olimba voteji. Kuti ubwino molondola U _N, diodes Zener amasankhidwa kuchokera mtanda chomwecho. Pali mitundu ndi mitundu yopapatiza la magawo. Mphamvu mkulu zinthu madyaidya ndikuledzera wokwera pa radiators.

deta zofunika athandizira kwa mawerengedwe a magawo a zener diode Mwachitsanzo, motere:

• U _Num = 12-15 - athandizira voteji;
• U _ndime = 9 - okhazikika voteji;
• R _N = 50-100 MA - katundu.

Magawo khalidwe la zipangizo ndi mowa mphamvu otsika.

Osachepera athandizira voteji 12 V, pano pa katundu pazipita amasankhidwa - 100 MA. Malinga ndi malamulo Ohm tingaupeze kulemera okwana unyolo:

R _Σ = 12 V / 0,1 A = 120 ohms.

Zener voteji dontho ndi 9 V. Mu panopa 0,1 A katundu chidude ndi:

R _Eq = 9 V / 0,1 A = 90 ohms.

Tsopano n'zotheka kudziwa kulimbikira ballast ndi:

R _B = 120 ohms - 90 ohms = 30 ohms.

Iwo osankhidwa osiyanasiyana muyezo kumene mtengo chikugwirizana ndi mtengo masamu.

Panopa pazipita mwa zener diode anatsimikiza chifukwa amaganizira katundu disconnection, kuti si mu dongosolo, ngati waya aliyense unsolder. The voteji dontho kudutsa resistor adzakhala:

U _R = 15 - 9 = 6 V.

Kenako, panopa kudzera resistor:

Ine _R = 6/30 = 0,2 A.

Popeza zener diode chikugwirizana pa mndandanda kwa izo, ine _C = Ine _R = 0,2 A.

mphamvu madyaidya ndikuledzera adzakhala P = 0,2 ∙ 9 = 1.8 Watts.

Malinga ndi magawo analandira osankhidwa abwino zener D815V.

symmetrical zener

diac ndi kusinthitsa chipangizo, ndi conductive alternating panopa. Mbali A cha ntchito yake ndi kusiya voteji kuti volts angapo m'gulu osiyanasiyana 30-50 V. Iwo akhoza m'malo ndi awiri oppositely ochiritsira zener m'gulu. Zipangizo ntchito ngati kusintha zinthu.

analogue zener

Pamene inu simungakhoze kupeza chinthu abwino, amagwiritsa ntchito fanizo la transistors zener diode. ntchito zawo ndi kuthekera kwa lamulo voteji. Izi angatanthauze DC amplifiers ndi magawo angapo.

Pa wogawira athandizira voteji kukhazikitsa yokonza resistor R1. Ngati athandizira voteji kumawonjezera, pa maziko a transistor ndi VT1 akuchuluka. Zimenezi panopa mwa transistor VT2, amene compensates kuwonjezereka voteji, potero kukhalabe linanena bungwe ake khola.

chodetsa Zener

Akupezeka mu galasi zener diodes ndi Zener diodes mu nyumba pulasitiki. Mbali yoyamba iwo chagwiritsidwa pa kanjedza 2, pakati limene kalata V. Mutu 9V1 limasonyeza kuti U _ndime = 9,1 V.

Pa pulasitiki pa nyumba zolemba ndi kuwerenga ntchito datasheet, kumene mukhoza kupeza zina zimene mungachite.

Mdima mphete pa thupi atalonjeza cathode, kumene chikugwirizana kuphatikiza.

Pomaliza

Zener - diode ndi katundu wapadera. Ubwino ndi mkulu Zener voteji lamulo pa ntchito lonse osiyanasiyana kusintha panopa, komanso yosavuta kugwirizana chiwembu. Ziziyenda otsika voteji zipangizo monga patsogolo malangizo, ndipo iwo anayamba ntchito diodes ngati zachilendo.