Kuzizira mbale kutentha: mfundo opaleshoni. kuzizira mbale kutentha: wagawo

Kutentha ndi kuzizira - kamangidwe yosavuta chipangizo, nthawi zambiri m'gulu chiwembu cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida mafakitale. Nthawi zina ntchito zoweta refrigeration ndi mpweya kachitidwe. Monga izo zinali kale zotheka kuti potengera dzina, zipangizozi tinapangidwa kuchotsa kutentha kwa sing'anga wina ndi kusamutsa kwa wina.

The mitundu chachikulu cha kuzizira kutentha

Zipangizo apadera angagwiritsidwe ntchito zosiyanasiyana makina onga: zopotoka, graphite, chipolopolo ndi chubu, mwauzimu, etc. Koma kwambiri ndalama, ogwira ndi otchuka mawonekedwe ndi mbale kutentha exchanger ... Mfundo ntchito akuchokera kusamukira yosavuta kutentha kudzera zitsulo. Pankhaniyi, kukula kwa ndalama yambiri ndi otsika ndi mtengo ndi otsika. zipangizo akhoza ntchito zida za zolinga zosiyana.

kapangidwe

chipangizo exchanger mbale kutentha ndi mfundo opareshoni (chiwembu anapereka m'nkhani, kutsimikizira izo) chimene kwenikweni yosavuta, imakhala zinthu zotsatirazi:

• Kutsogolo kwa mbale amodzi ndi nozzles. Mu otsiriza kutentha exchanger kupeza malo onse ntchito.
• Upper ndi kutsikira kalozera ndodo. Zinthu zimene zifunika likuzongoka dongosolo lonse. Iwo amachita ntchito yofanana monga chipangizo kumbuyo chithandizo.
• Kumbuyo makina mbale.
• Mbale okha.
• Anatsekera gaskets kuti kutumikira delimiters onse pakati zipangizo.

Nthawi zina yogwirizana ngati kuzizira kutentha amene anaika osati kutsogolo, komanso pa gulu kumbuyo. Pankhaniyi, izo zimatengera chipangizo kopita ndi njira mupezeke ake mu dongosolo. Pamene kusonkhana ndi kuzizira kutentha amagwiritsidwa ntchito mitundu yonse ya katundu: ndi akapichi ogwiritsa, labala bushings, etc ...

Modern mbale kutentha exchanger: mfundo ntchito

Mtundu wa chipangizo umagwira ntchito chitsanzo mtanda. Gawo wodzazidwa alternately Kutentha ndi yozizira sing'anga. Kutentha ndi kuzizira kumachitika pakati pa iwo kudzera zipangizo. Kudzaza zigawo pa ntchito kupereka gasket-wosindikiza mosiyanasiyana. Yotsirizira mulole kapena kuvina Lachitatu, kapena sachedwa izo. Monga mukuonera, ichi ndi mfundo yosavuta. kuzizira mbale kutentha imakonzedwa kuti chilengedwe amalimbikitsidwa kwa wina ndi mnzake. M'menemo Kutentha kwa umagwiritsidwa kuchokera pamwamba ndipo akupita kuti chubu m'munsi, ndi utakhazikika, motero, m'malo mwake.

Choncho, zipangizo zonse amenewa ntchito. Mfundo zikugwira ntchito ya mbale kutentha exchanger kwa madzi otentha chimodzimodzi monga kuti zitsanzo lakonzedwa kuti mpweya, lubricants refrigeration ndi zina zotero. Kusiyana kokha kudutsa thupi la mitundu TV. Mu chitsanzo DHW - ndi, motero, madzi, zipangizo zina za izi kuwombola mtundu angayambe pakati pa njira, mafuta, gasi, etc ...

makhalidwe luso

Posankha mbale kutentha ndi kuzizira zambiri kulabadira zinthu monga:

• mphamvu;
• mowa;
• zakuthupi ndi dera zipangizo;
• anatsekera zinthu;
• opaleshoni kutentha;
• kololeka kukula kwa particles olimba mu sing'anga;
• pazipita ntchito anzawo.

mbale chipangizo

Choncho timadziwika amene ali mbale kutentha exchanger mfundo. The zida mbale mu izi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito zida pulayimale. Aliyense ali 2 mabowo chilengedwe. Komanso, mbale akhoza kukhala zimachititsa chilumbachi kuti amalimbikitsa otaya malangizo mpweya kapena zakumwa. makulidwe awo zimadalira ntchito, kukula chipangizo ndi kuthamanga m'menemo.

Popeza zinthu izi exchanger ziwembu amachita sizili, iwo uyenera kukhala ndi kugonjetsedwa kwambiri zinthu ake. Ambiri mbale izi zopangidwa kuchokera zosapanga dzimbiri. Nthawi zambiri ntchito chizindikiro 1,4404 / AISI 316L. dzimbiri lili molybdenum, ndipo limakhala kukana mkulu dzimbiri, zimakhudza kuwonongeka ndi chlorides.

Ngati kutentha exchanger si TV kwambiri mwamakani, ndi ochiritsira zosapanga steels akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito platemaking. Nthawi zambiri, monga zinthu izi zopangidwa titaniyamu kapena titaniyamu-palladium. Iwo ntchito pa ulimi wawo, ndi zina zipangizo.

zisindikizo kutentha ndi kuzizira

Ubwino wa zinthu izi zidalira pa durability ndi kudalirika kwa kutentha exchanger. Zisindikizo kupewa kuyanjana madzi ndi kuwatsogolera pamodzi ndi njira yodutsamo ena. Pa mphindi, mu kuzizira kutentha ntchito mitundu iwiri yokha ya zinthu zoterozo: Clip ndi zomatira. Kupanga zisindikizo amagwiritsidwa ntchito zipangizo zochokera mphira. Kungakhale Mwachitsanzo, EPDM, TACs, Viton ndi T. D.

zisindikizo zomatira ndi wokwera pa grooves wapadera epoxy ndi. Clip pa options anapereka kudzera mwa zigawo wapadera lanu.

Mphamvu ndi mowa

Ntchito mbale kutentha exchanger, opaleshoni mfundo ndiponso kumanga yabwino, akhoza kukhala zosiyanasiyana mafakitale. Choncho, mphamvu ya zipangizo amenewa zimasiyana kwambiri ambiri. Pakali pano, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Kutentha ndi kuzirala machitidwe ntchito kuzizira kutentha mphamvu yochokera kilowatts mazana angapo makumi a megawatts. mlingo Izi zimadalira kwenikweni chiwerengero cha mbale ndi kukula kwa ntchito chipangizo.

Ntchito masiku ano kutentha ndi kuzizira wa mtundu uwu mungathe mu osiyanasiyana opaleshoni kutentha (-30 200 ° ^C). Bwino, ndithudi, ngati kuzirala ndi Kutentha sing'anga nthawi yomweyo adzakhala mokwanira oyera. Komabe, makamaka tcheru chinthu ichi cha mbale kuzizira kutentha musati amasiyana. Mu zitsanzo zambiri, kukula pazipita particles olimba mu sing'anga ndi 4 mm.

Kutentha ndi kuthamanga

Mu dziko lathu, ndi kuzizira kutentha amakhalabe malinga ndi GOST 55118-83. zipangizo zimenezi nthawi zambiri amatha kupirira mavuto mpaka 1.6 MPa. Kutentha atolankhani ntchito mu zitsanzo za m'banja Choncho mukhoza lingayambire -30 ... +180 madigiri.

Mbali

A mbale kutentha exchanger, mfundo ya zimene zimathandiza kuti monga izo mu dongosolo kapangidwe osiyana kwambiri angagwiritsidwe ntchito:

1. Pa kupanga makina. Ndi ntchito zipangizo amenewa utakhazikika ndi madzimadzi lubricating, hayidiroliki ndi zida mafuta ndi zina zotero. D.
2. The pisitoni ndi chopangira mphamvu injini.
3. The zopangira magetsiwa.
4. Mu compressors.
5. Makampani kutumiza. Pa zotengera kuzizira kutentha ali makamaka ntchito kuzirala chapakati.
6. Makampani kuwala.
7. Mu luso lopanga ndi processing zitsulo.
8. The Kutentha ndi mpweya kachitidwe.

Modern mbale kutentha ndi kuzizira, chipangizo ndi mfundo zimene anakamva mwatsatanetsatane mu pepala yathu, kotero kuti zipangizo akhoza amatengedwa kuti ndi odalirika, kothandiza ndiponso yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. China chirichonse, ndipo pali zitsanzo monga poyerekeza ndi mtundu wina mtengo. Zonsezi zimapangitsa ntchito zawo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kuzirala ndi Kutentha kachitidwe, kuposa yoyenera.