Kudula mode kwa mphero. Mitundu ya mphero, ndi mawerengedwe kudula liwiro

Njira imodzi zipangizo liza ndi mphero. Izo ntchito zochizira zitsulo ndipo sanali zachitsulo workpieces. The ndondomeko ntchito umalamulidwa ndi zinthu kudula.

Akamanena za ndondomekoyi

Mphero ikuchitika kuti wosemera kwambiri ndi kuwamaliza, kupanga pamwamba pa wina mbiri (mipata, grooves) kudula mano pa mawilo imodzi, kayendetsedwe kusintha, zochita vytachivaniya luso ndi lettering.

Ntchito chida - mphero wodula - amachita zazikulu makina apaulendo. Wocheperapo ndi translational kudyetsa workpiece wachibale ku ntchito yake. Zimenezi ndi likukulira. Mbali kofunika kwambiri chimene chimasiyanitsa ku anapotoloka, pobowola - chakuti aliyense dzino ndi osiyana. Pa nkhani imeneyi, yodziwika ndi mantha iye. Kuchepetsa zimakhudza awo zingatheke bwanji kwa ziyenera zomveka za moyo ndi kusankha modes.

mfundo zikuluzikulu za makina mphero

Malinga momwe makonzedwe a spindle ndi ogwiritsa ndi wodula mmenemo mitundu ya zinthu ikuchitika ndi pa njira ya kasamalidwe, kudziwa mitundu pachimake pa zida mphero:

• yopingasa;
• ofukula;
• konsekonse;
• CNC mphero makina.

The mayunitsi zoyambirira za makina ofukula mphero:

1. chimango, amene m'nyumba HIV, amene nthawi kasinthasintha wa spindle ndi wokwera vertically ndi cutters wokwera pomwepo.
2. Table chikukhudza kutonthoza ndi yopingasa Polozkov kwa akukonzekera zokwawa pa workpiece ndi chakudya bokosi la malamulo chakudya apaulendo.

The yopingasa makina mphero chida umachitika horizontally. A chilengedwe ndi angapo mitundu.

Pali chilengedwe yopingasa zida, amene amakhala ndi kupezeka kwa tebulo ntchito motero kukuza osiyanasiyana ntchito zotheka anachita. Komanso pali Shirokouniversalny Ndikukhala akuphatikizapo onse spindle ndi limalola mitundu yonse ya mphero.

CNC makina mphero ali kusiyana ndi mapulogalamu ndi kulamulira kompyuta. Iwo anafuna chithandizo luso la akusowekapo, kuphatikizapo mu 3D-mtundu.

gulu la mphero

Mills - chipangizo kwa kudula. Kuweta thupi makhalidwe ndi zomwe anayeza msinkhu, m'mimba mwake, kukula ndi chamfer zatylovaniya, sitepe circumferential. Pali yaikulu zosiyanasiyana iwo, ali malinga ndi muyezo zosiyanasiyana:

• mtundu wa pamalo amene kukonzedwa (nkhuni, pulasitiki, zitsulo, zitsulo nonferrous, etc.);
• mu malangizo a kasinthasintha wa kayendedwe - ndi pravorezhuschih ndi Kumanzere;
• malingana mbali kapangidwe - olimba, brazed, lopinda (ndi masamba mayikidwe) welded;
• mawonekedwe: conical, cylindrical, litayamba;
• malinga ndi opaleshoni ndipo amafuna kuti kudula gawo akhale zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Zikuphatikizapo: mpweya chida ndi zitsulo liwilo (aloyi nkhani mkulu wa tungsten) carbide (cholimba - wosemera, kumva kuwawa - kuwamaliza). Kugawira embodiments, pamene nyumba ndi zopangidwa ndi zitsulo mpweya kapena liwilo zitsulo ndi mipeni - carbide Ikani;
• malingana ntchito: cylindrical, kumapeto, kumapeto, slitting, kudula ndi mphako.

Mbali kwambiri nkhani: nkhani ya akadaulo ndi cholinga.

Mitundu ya mphero kwa kali lathyathyathya

Pofuna kuchotsa zigawo za chuma pa yopingasa, ofukula kapena wokonda ndege ndi ntchito cylindrical ndi mapeto mphero.

The chida cha mtundu woyamba kukhala yofunika ndi chipolopolo kapena mipeni. Large chimodzi-chidutswa nozzles mphero tinapangidwa wosemera ndi zazing'ono - kwa kumaliza. Pulagi-mu lopinda mipeni ya mutu kudula akhale wa liwiro zitsulo mkulu kapena zida ndi zipangizo za zitsulo zolimba. Carbide cutters ndi zokolola kuposa opangidwa ndi alloyed aloyi zitsulo.

Cholinga ntchito elongate ndege, mano ake amafalitsidwa pa nkhope mapeto. Dongosolo Large ntchito ndege zazikulu. Mwa njira, kuchotsa tchipisi ku zovuta pokonza zitsulo refractory kwenikweni pamaso mipeni carbide. Ntchito magulu awa mphero zida muyenera m'lifupi lalikulu ndi kutalika kwa mankhwala.

Mitundu ya zida za luso la mphero

Pofuna kupereka chuma mbiri ena, ntchito chitsanzo mapangidwe maenje m'malo yopapatiza ntchito ndipo mapeto chimbale mphero nozzles.

Osachiritsika kapena mphero grooving kufala kwa kudula grooves, yopapatiza ndipo ndege yokhota kumapeto. Onse a iwo - wina-chidutswa kapena welded, kudula gawo la liwilo aloyi zitsulo, kungakhale tverdosplav ndi zinaphatikizidwa, ndipo thupi mpweya zitsulo. Pali malozahodnye (1-3 mwauzimu) ndi angapo (4 kapena kuposa). Ntchito zipangizo CNC makina.

Litayamba - nawonso grooving cutters. Ndi applicable chifukwa grooving, grooves, kudula mano pa magiya lapansi.

Art mphero ikuchitika pa matabwa, zitsulo PVC.

Mitundu ya anthu osema miyala kwa edging

Kuchotsa swarf ku ngodya, kuwapatsa mawonekedwe zomveka, mawerengeredwe, kupatukana pa mbali workpiece akhoza akuyendera ntchito slotted, okhota ndi mphako mphero nozzles:

1. Dulani Slotted ndipo ali ndi ntchito mofanana litayamba, koma ndi zambiri ntchito mabala ndi kulekanitsa mbali zosafunika zakuthupi.
2. Njingayo chofunika kwa zomera m'mbali mwa magawo. Pali osakwatiwa-ngodya (mmodzi yekha kudula gawo) ndi dvuhuglovye (kudula onse ali pamalo conical).
3. Inasinthira ntchito chifukwa chopanga zovuta. Kungakhale semicircular kapena concave. Nthawi zambiri ntchito kudula mbiri ya n'kudzandigunda, reamers kupindika akufa pochita.

Pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya zotheka yomanga lonse zitsulo kapena foldable, ndi pamaso pa mipeni Ikani carbide. Carbide cutters ndi apamwamba khalidwe ndi ntchito ya m'litali kwa chida wonse.

Gulu la mitundu ya mphero

Pali classifications zingapo, zimene kugawana yonse ya mphero:

• Spindle dongosolo monga njira ndi mphero, motero, ndi yopingasa ndi ofukula;
• malangizo a ulendo, pa kauntala ndi imodzi;
• malingana ndi chida kuti yamphamvu, ndi makina, nkhungu, osachiritsika.

The processing cylindrical ntchito ndege yopingasa mwa cutters analemba pa makina yopingasa.

Nkhope mphero tinganene kuti konsekonse. Ndi ntchito mitundu yonse ya ndege yopingasa, ofukula ndi okonda.

Mapeto kuwamaliza zipangitsa mapangidwe mbiri anakhumba wa kamera poyambira, akufa pochita ndi zipangizo.

Inasinthira processing imagwiridwa kwa kali ya kasinthidwe zovuta: ngodya, konsekonse, grooves, kudula mano chifukwa magiya.

Kaya ntchitoyi ikuchitika ndi kukonzedwa zipangizo, zotsatira ziyenera kusalala mkulu wa kutsirizitsa wosanjikiza, pakalibe zisamayoyoke, mwandondomeko kuwamaliza. Pofuna kupeza woyera pamwamba pa mapeto n'kofunika kulamulira okwanira kuchuluka kwa workpiece wachibale chida.

Kauntala ndi kukwera mphero

Pamene kauntala zitsulo monga mphero - akusowekapo akudyetsedwa cha nozzle kayendedwe rotational. Pankhaniyi, mano pang'onopang'ono kusema zitsulo kuchitiridwa, katundu ndi kuchuluka mogwirizana mwachindunji ndi uniformly. Komabe, pamaso mukuyamba gawo la dzino, ena nthawi zoyendayenda kupanga oipa. zodabwitsazi Iyamba kuchoka mphero ku chikhalidwe ntchito. Ntchito wosemera.

Pamene mtundu kugwirizana kwa - workpiece akudyetsedwa pamodzi ndi chida kayendedwe rotational. Mano ntchito atasenza katundu lalikulu mantha. Mphamvu pa 10% poyerekeza pa mphero zosiyana. Iwo anagwira pamene liza mwatsatanetsatane.

Lingaliro chachikulu cha ntchito mphero pa makina CNC

Iwo yodziwika ndi digiri yapamwamba ya zochita zokha, mwatsatanetsatane ntchito ndondomeko, zokolola mkulu. Mphero ndi NC lathe ikuchitika pafupipafupi mwa mapeto kapena kumapeto mphero.

Last - kwambiri ankagwiritsa ntchito. Motero, malingana ndi nkhani kukonzedwa, kupanga lolingana tchipisi mtundu mwachindunji magawo mapulogalamu amagwiritsa endmills osiyana. Iwo ali m'magulu malinga ndi chiwerengero cha zolemba mizere yozungulira yomwe kuonetsetsa kupezeka kwa zotsogola ndi kanavny Chip kuchotsa.

Zida ndi tchipisi lonse m'pofunika milled ndi zipangizo ochepa zolemba. Pakuti zodulidwa olimba zitsulo ndi khalidwe chida kink mphero ayenera osankhidwa ambiri mizere yozungulira.

Ntchito cutters mphero kwa makina CNC

Malozahodnye cutters kwa CNC tikhoza kupeza wina atatu kudula m'mbali. Iwo amagwiritsa ntchito matabwa, mapulasitiki, nsanganizo ndi ductile zitsulo zofewa amene amafuna kuchotsa mofulumira ndi tchipisi lonse. Iwo amagwiritsa ntchito mawu amene akusowekapo wosemera, zimene sizinalembedwa kuika zofuna mkulu. Pakuti chida ichi haraktrena mphamvu yaing'ono, otsika stiffness.

Ntchito luso-filar anagwira aluminiyamu mphero.

Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi di- ndi trehzahodnye osachiritsika. Iwo kupereka mfundo apamwamba stiffness, kuchotsa Mkhalidwe tchipisi amalola ntchito ndi zitsulo za kuuma sing'anga (mwachitsanzo, ndi zitsulo).

Lolondola cutters kwa CNC ndife oposa 4 kudula m'mbali. Ntchito zitsulo sing'anga ndi mkulu kuuma, amene yodziwika ndi zodulidwa chabwino ndi zonyamula. Iwo amamangirira ntchito ndithu, iwo ali zogwirizana liza ndi theka-kuwamaliza ndipo si choti ntchito zipangizo zofewa.

Pofuna kusankha zipangizo oyenera makina CNC n'kofunika kuganizira kudula mode kwa mphero, komanso makhalidwe onse workpiece lapansi.

zokwaniritsa kudula

Kuonetsetsa bwino khalidwe milled wosanjikiza n'kofunika kufotokoza moyenera ndiponso kukhala ndi chofunika magawo luso. Zowonetsera, limafotokoza ndi nthawi njira mphero, ndi mipangidwe yakugwira ntchito.

Yowerengera kudula zinthu pamene mphero ikuchitika ndi zinthu zikuluzikulu:

1. Kuzama (T, mm) - makulidwe a zachitsulo mpira kuti amachotsedwa mu kachigawo kamodzi. Iwo anasankha kutenga gawo mlandu processing. ntchito akhakula anachita mu chiphaso wina. Ngati gawo ndi wamkulu kuposa 5 mm, mphero ya ikuchitika mipita angapo, mmene otsiriza kusiya 1 mm.
2. M'lifupi (B, mm) - m'lifupi pamwamba chithandizo malangizo ndi perpendicular kwa kayendedwe kudya.
3. Kugonjera (S) - kutalika kwa workpiece wachibale kwa chida olamulira.

Kudziwa mfundo zingapo zogwirizana:

• Chakudya pa dzino (S _z, mamilimita / dzino) - repositioning mbali pamene limazungulira wodula chapatali kwa dzino limodzi ku ntchito yotsatira.
• Chakudya pa zisinthe (S _za, mamilimita / Mbusa) - dongosolo kusunthira pa wina zisinthe wathunthu wa nozzle mphero.
• Chakudya pa mphindi (S _Mph, mamilimita / Mph) - zofunika pa kudula mphero mode.

ukwati wawo anakhazikitsa matematematicheski:

S = S _{Mph wa N = S z * z *} N,

kumene z - chiwerengero cha mano;

N - ndi spindle kasinthasintha pafupipafupi, mphindi ^-1.

Mu mlingo chakudya nawonso anakopeka ndi thupi katundu ndi luso la zopangapanga m'dera ankachitira, mphamvu chida ndi ntchito ya wodyetsa lapansi.

Yowerengera kudula liwiro

Monga mwadzina chizindikiro masamu kutenga digiri spindle zolowa mofulumira. Leni liwiro V, m / Mph malingana ndi awiri a wodula ndi pafupipafupi akutakataka onsewo:

V = (π * D * n) / 1000

chida mphero rotational liwiro anatsimikiza mtima:

N = (1000 * V) / (π * D)

Kukhala zambiri pa chakudya miniti, mukhoza kudziwa nthawi wofunikila yokonza m'ma kutalika L:

T ₀ = L / S _Mph

Yowerengera kudula zinthu pa mphero ndi unsembe leni zolimbitsa makina awo patsogolo kusintha. Kukhazikitsa zomveka magawo n'chiyani, kutenga nkhani makhalidwe a chida ndi nkhani workpiece, amapereka zokolola mkulu.

Nsonga kudziŵa modes

N'zosatheka kusankha yabwino zinthu kwa mphero kudula, koma mukhoza kutsata mfundo yakuti:

1. Desirably, ndi wodula awiri limafanana ndi akuya processing. Izi kupereka limodzi chikudutsa kuyeretsa pamwamba. Apa chinthu chachikulu - zakuthupi. Pakuti zofewa kwambiri, mfundo imeneyi si ntchito - pali chiopsezo odulidwa, chachikulu kuposa kutero.
2. Mantha ndi kugwedera njira ndi mosalephera. Pa nkhani imeneyi, kuwonjezera chakudya mfundo mlingo kumabweretsa ndichepe. Optimally kuyamba ndi chakudya pa dzino wa 0,15 mamilimita / dzino, ndipo pochita - zonse.
3. Pafupipafupi kasinthasintha wa chida ayenera sizingatheke. Apo ayi pali chiopsezo kuchepetsa kudula liwiro. Iwo achuluke ndi kuchuluka kwa m'mimba mwake wodula.
4. Kuwonjezeka kutalika kwa gawo ntchito ya wodula wa mphero, zokonda lalikulu chiwerengero cha mano yafupika zokolola ndi processing khalidwe.
5. Zoyerekeza mfundo za velocities kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana:

• zotayidwa - 200-400 m / Mph;
• Mkuwa - 90-150 m / Mph;
• Zosapanga dzimbiri - 50-100 m / Mph;
• Mapulasitiki - 100-200 m / min.

Ndi bwino kuyamba ndi liwiro pafupifupi, ndipo pochita kusintha kwa mbali laling'ono kapena okulirapo.

kudula mode pamene yolozera Nkofunika kudziwa osati mwamasamu kapena pogwiritsa ntchito matebulo wapadera. Bwino kusankha ndi kukhazikitsa zoikamo mulingo woyenera makina ndi zipangizo chofunika zofunika ntchito zina ndi zokumana nazo.