Russian wamanga A. D. Zaharov: yonena ndi ntchito

Andreyan Dmitrievich Zaharov zaka za moyo wake mapangidwe St. Petersburg image, amadziwika padziko lonse monga woyambitsa wa nyumba Admiralty. tanthauzo lake kwa zomangamanga Russian sitingalephere kukambapo, iye kumatanthauza malangizo a chitukuko cha zomangamanga dziko kwa nthawi yaitali.

ubwana

AD Zakharov, wamanga anabadwa August 8, 1761 ku St. Petersburg ku banja la akuluakulu Admiralty, mkulu. atate wake - wotchedwa Dmitry Ivanovich Zakharov -kuti kulandira malipiro wodzichepetsa, koma ngwokhoza kuukitsa ana awiri amene apezeke ndi kunyada kwa Lathu. Mwana wamkulu - Yakov Dmitrievich Zaharov - anakhala academician, pulofesa wa umagwirira ndi zimango. Junior - Andreyan Dmitrievich Zaharov - anakhala munthu wamanga kwambiri. Kuyambira ali mwana bambo anga analeredwa ana a changu ndi chidwi. Iye kusunga luso ana ndi ankatha kuona luso lawo. Andreyan akale mwamsanga 6 zaka anatumizidwa ku sukulu pa Academy of Wabwino Tirhana. Mu kalasi, posakhalitsa akhala m'modzi wa ophunzira bwino. Mwanayo mphoto yake yoyamba kwa kupindula kusukulu zaka ziwiri - bukhu.

kupeza vocations

Nditamaliza maphunziro a ukachenjede, A. D. Zaharov akulowa kalasi mapulani a Academy of Tirhana. mphamvu ya mnyamatayu kumuthandiza mwamsanga kufika patsogolo maphunziro apaderawo, aphunzitsi taonera masomphenya ake okhudza malo. Anaphunzitsidwa ndi ambuye chachikulu: AF Kokorinov, YM Felten, IE Starova. Andreyan Dmitrievich Zaharov amakwaniritsa zotsatira zabwino mu luso mapulani ndi 1782 kwakukuru maphunziro Academy. zipatso zake "14 amisiri a kalasi" ndi mendulo kupereka.

A wophunzira wanzeru

M'zaka za kafukufuku Andreyan Zakharov anasonkhana akonzedwa wodzala mendulo ya Academy. Imodzi mwa ntchito kuwonekera koyamba kugulu la mmisiri wa m'tsogolo - zomangidwazo "Nyumba" - amalandira yaing'ono siliva Mendulo wa Academy. Izi ndi mphoto apamwamba ophunzira maphunziro a digiri yoyamba. Mu 1780, izo kupereka lalikulu siliva Mendulo kale, ndipo pa mapeto a maphunziro - ndi Mendulo golide "Fokzala" polojekiti ( "zosangalatsa kunyumba") ndi ulendo Paris ". Chifukwa kupeza bwino zinanso zomangamanga ndi" Panthawi imeneyi, A. D. Zaharov chidwi ndi maganizo a classicism, amafuna kukhala nacho zolinga zatsopano m'nkhaniyo.

Mu 1782 Andreyan pamodzi ndi ophunzira anzanga atatu anabwera Paris. Apa iwo anayamba m'kalasi m'ziwawa zojambula. Zakharov kuphunzira kuchokera kutsogolera French wamanga JF Chalgrin, ndipo nawonso anakopeka ndi K. LeDoux kwambiri mwapang'onopang'ono wamanga wa Paris, yaikulu ndi yamphamvu abwino ntchito yosavuta kuti ooneka wophunzira ku Russia. Chalgrin, wolemba wa wotchuka Arc de Triomphe ku Paris, ankhaimilira yowala kwambiri French classicism, Albucasis ndi bwino wamanga, maganizo ake organically unakhazikitsidwa pa nthaka okonzeka mu Academy maganizo A. Zakharov. Panthawi imeneyi, iwo anapanga lingaliro lake zokongoletsa ndi kukula njira wolemba lomwe lili koma kumasulira zomera.

Njira yoyamba ntchito

Mu 1786 A. D. Zaharov akubwerera ku Russia, wodzala ndi mapulani ndi chiyembekezo cha m'tsogolo. Moonetsera luso lanu pa ntchitoyi anapatsidwa Academy of Tirhana kumanga liza kukhudza, m'pofunika kwa zaka zingapo kusamalira yokonzanso, zosinthidwa ndi kumalizidwa kwa nyumba, ichi uncreative ndi onerous ntchito zotopetsa wamanga. Only mu 1790 anatha amanena milandu kusintha Academy wa katswiri wa zomangamanga wina. Zakharov amachita malamulo zazing'onozing'ono monga ngati sukulu Lyubuchi ntchito m'mudzimo. Woyamba ntchito chidwi wamanga pamaoneka 1791, chokongoletsera yaikulu pa nthawi ya mapeto a mtendere ndi Turkey. Mu ntchito iyi, Zakharov anasonyeza osati monga katswiri mkulu kalasi, koma monga patriot a. Mu ntchito yake iye ophatikizidwa lingaliro la ukulu Russia ndi kunyada kwawo mu chintchito Suvorov pa za adani a Isimaeli.

ntchito yophunzitsa

Andreyan Dmitrievich Zaharov, amene yonena ndi umakhudza St. Petersburg, pomwepo pa ulendo wobwerera kwawo akuchokera Academy kufufuza ntchito. Mu 1787, iye m'gulu la malo a pulofesa, mu 1792 anali kufotokoza ntchito ndi anakhala katswiri pa Academy. ntchito yake yophunzitsa Zakharov sanadzisiyira mpaka mapeto a moyo. Iye anali mphunzitsi luso, zaka, iye anatha kupanga ntchito zabwino, ndi kumasula kwambiri ophunzira oyenerera. Makamaka, lamulo lake anagwira AN Voronikhin, wophunzira ake anali kwambiri Russian wamanga A. Melnikov.

wamanga Gatchina

Mu 1799 Andreyan Dmitrievich Zaharov, ntchito ndi ntchito amene awona kasamalidwe ambiri achikulire dziko. Paulo I anamuika wamanga mkulu wa Gatchina, kusunga malo pulofesa pa Academy. Apa Analenga ntchito zingapo ndi nyumba. Iye poyamba ntchito pa ntchito ya obisika, koma imfa Paulo sikuloledwa kuika mu polojekiti. Iwo ankafuna kubweretsa Zakharov Novgorod ndi Pskov mwambo wa zomangamanga kachisi. Motsogozedwa wake anamangidwa mu Gatchina Lutheran Church, tsiku sikuti waliteteza. Iye wapanga milatho iwiri: Namgumi ndi Mkango, mukhoza kumaliza pavilions awiri: ". Farm" "Birdman" ndipo Woyamba inamangidwa, ndi kumanga imfa yachiwiri ya Paulo anaima.

Pa nthawi yomweyo Zakharov watenga mbali mu chilengedwe cha ntchito sayansi "The zomangamanga Russian" kuti zimapereka mpata woganizira mwatsatanetsatane mbali ya miyambo ya fuko ndi kuzungulira dziko. Nthawi imeneyi, aloŵa kwambiri ku maziko a zomangamanga Russian, anazindikira kulunjika ndi mphamvu ya malo Russian, ndipo anali wokonzeka kwa chilengedwe cha ntchito zikuluzikulu.

Ntchito pa kuoneka Vasilyevsky Island

A. D. Zaharov luso lake, iye Chili wamanga luso ndi wabwino mchitidwe-womanga. Anaitanidwa kuti katswiri pa onse mwa ntchito yaikulu ikuchitika St. Petersburg. Kotero izo zikupanga chopereka kwambiri ku chilengedwe cha polojekiti ya Kusinthanitsa. Mu 1804, wazomangamanga amalenga ntchito yomanga embankment Vasilevsky Island ndi kukonzanso kwa Academy of Tirhana. Iwo ankafuna wamanga kukhala nacho miyambo yabwino ya zomangamanga French ndi arches ndi zipilala. ntchitoyi anali wofunika kwambiri ndi akatswiri anzake, koma sikunali kotheka kuti ndizichita dongosolo, zikalata, ndi madera ndiribe waliteteza. Pa nthawi yomweyo D. Andreyan ntchito pa dongosolo la nyumba ya Nizhny Novgorod Fair, amalenga ntchito foundry kwa Academy of Tirhana.

A nkhani ya moyo - Admiralty

A. D. Zaharov, Russian wamanga amene anatsikira mu mbiri monga mlengi wa mmodzi wa nyumba chofunika kwambiri Saint Petersburg - Admiralty. Mu 1805 anaikidwa wamanga mkulu wa Admiralty dipatimenti, umene panthawi imeneyo unali wautali kwambiri ndi chofunika kwambiri kwa nyumba. Zakharov walenga ntchito zambiri, osati onse a iwo akhala akuyendera, ena mwa nyumba sanali zisungidwe, koma kuchuluka kwa ntchito chinali chosangalatsa. Anaikira m'mizinda yambiri ya Russia: Kronshtadt, Saint-Petersburg, Kherson, Revel, Arkhangelsk, ntchito kwambiri. Zakharov ndi mtima kwambiri nchito yomanga ndi sanatisiye popanda zosintha iliyonse, nthawi zina wodalirika kwambiri, osati zomanga umodzi, ku nyumba yaing'ono ofesi nyumba yaikulu ya Admiralty mu Arkhangelsk ndi Astrakhan. matalente awa ntchito za Zakharov-mzinda ndandanda, iye anafotokozera za fanizo la embankments m'midzi yambiri Russian. The ntchito kwambiri anali nyumba Black Sea Hospital mu Kherson, Nikolaev Cadet Corps, ndi ntchito chingwe fakitale Arkhangelsk.

Komabe, ntchito yaikulu ya moyo Zakharov anali ntchito ya nyumba yaikulu ya St. Petersburg Admiralty. Iye analenga chidwi zikuluzikulu zomangamanga, kutalika kwa wapakamwa ake ndi mamita 400. Kayendedwe ndi chosokonekera wa wapakamwa adakonzeka ndi ziboliboli nayang'ana perete chachikulu. Nsanja ndi spire ndi golide sitimayo amapereka umodzi, umene wakhala mbali yaikulu ya malo m'tawuni. nyumbayi inali chimake cha zilandiridwenso Zakharova, pomanga angwiro: kuchokera otchuka mofatsa magwiridwe kuti ndi maonekedwe ogwirizana.

ntchito wamanga

Andreyan Dmitrievich Zaharov, zithunzi za nyumba yomwe kukometsera mabuku onse pa zomangamanga Russian, analenga kwambiri ntchito zamitundu yonse m'mizinda yambiri ya dziko. Ntchito kwambiri chidwi ndi:

• Andreya Pervozvannogo a Cathedral mu Kronstadt;
• dongosolo chitukuko "Kupereka chisumbu" mu Admiralty St. Petersburg;
• Cathedral wa St. Catherine ku Ekaterinoslav;
• M'madzi Hospital ku chigawo cha St. Petersburg Vyborg;
• Aleksandra Nevskogo Cathedral mu Izhevsk;
• redevelopment wa lokwera chachikulu cha doko la St. Petersburg.

nyumba zambiri Zakharova sanapulumuke, koma cholowa chake waife obadwa.

zachinsinsi

Wazomangamanga Andreyan Dmitrievich Zaharov anapereka moyo wake ku ntchito amakonda. Waphunzitsa, anagwira ntchito, ndipo wosangalala sitinakhale nayo nthawi kukonza. Yomwaza Yoswa kuphunzira mabuku zimango, zojambulajambula, luso, chidwi matabwa. Zakharov matenda a mtima, koma sanali ngofunika aliyense ichi. M'chaka cha 1811 iye anadwala kwambiri ndipo anamwalira pa 8 September. Academy of Tirhana ali chisoni kwambiri pa kuchoka kwake mwadzidzidzi. Mwatsoka, wamanga kwambiri ndipo analibe nthawi kuti tione akamaliza aliyense ntchito yake yaikulu zambiri za ntchito zake patsogolo nthawi ndi sizinachitike akuyendera.