Saharomer-vinomer: momwe ntchito? Malangizo ntchito, mitundu hydrometer

Vinomer (saharomer, hydrometer) ndi mbali yofunika ya kuyesedwa ndi kayesedwe zida ntchito ndi winemakers ndi Ofulula moŵa. chipangizo zambiri zopangidwa ndi womata galasi chubu ndi olemedwa ndi pansi zikuluzikulu ndi yaitali yopapatiza kutsinde. Ntchito molumikizana ndi mkulu, yamphamvu woonda, wodzazidwa ndi madzi. Pamene kumizidwa mu kapangidwe vinyo chipangizo limalola kuti tiwolokere ndi unakhuthala downwardly imatsogoleredwa mapeto. Zikuonetsa vinomera kuchotsedwa pa malo kukhudzana lonse anachedwa pa intaneti, ndi pamwamba madzi.

Kodi ndi hydrometer kwenikweni?

Kupeza kachulukidwe yeniyeni, mwachitsanzo. E. The chiŵerengero cha osalimba a ayenera kapena vinyo kwa kachulukidwe ka madzi, ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito vinomer (saharomer) banja. Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizo? chipangizo amaona kuchuluka kwa shuga achilengedwe. Zimenezi zimathandiza kuti asa- kusintha Chinsinsi cha chakumwa monga zizindikiro analandira. Winemaker angathe kutsatira patsogolo nayonso mphamvu ndipo ngati n'koyenera, kusintha yomweyo.

munthu aliyense amene akuchitapo kupanga vinyo, amadziwa kuti pali malumikizanidwe pakati pa kuchuluka kwa shuga pano mu mphesa (kapena zipatso zina ndi zipatso), ndi kuchuluka kwa mowa pa mapeto a nayonso mphamvu.

N'chifukwa chiyani ndifunika hydrometer?

zolinga imene ntchito vinomer zotsatirazi:

• Kuyesa kachulukidwe enieni a madzi;
• kukhalabe kuwerengetsera zolondola ndi yokumba kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mowa;
• kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga zachilengedwe alipo ayenera kapena vinyo;
• kudziwa kuchuluka angathe kumwa mowa pa nthawi ya Kuwonjezera shuga ndi yisiti;
• ziyenera a patsogolo nayonso mphamvu;
• mtima peresenti kutembenuka mowa pa nayonso mphamvu pogwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro "pamaso" ndi "pambuyo";
• kudziwa nthawi ya mapeto a nayonso mphamvu, kapena pa zimene siteji kuti payenera kutsekedwa.

Kagwiritsidwe vinomerom (malangizo wogula)

Pamene inu kugula hydrometer m'pofunika kulabadira otsatirawa:

• lonse osiyanasiyana (pazipita ndi osachepera) ayenera kutsatira zinthu zenizeni. Standard muyeso osiyanasiyana chifukwa winemakers kunyumba osiyanasiyana 0,990 kuti 1,120. Mwachitsanzo, kuti akafike okhutira mowa vinyo 12%, muyenera kuyamba nayonso mphamvu ndi yokoka enieni 1,090.
• Kwa ena madzi anafuna vinomer? Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizo, anafotokoza malangizo Ufumuyo.
• Ena hydrometers angathe kuyeza ndi yokoka zenizeni, komanso ambiri amaona kuchuluka kwa mowa kuthekera ndi wokhutira shuga.
• Ayenera chinaneneratu kutentha pa zimene calibrated vinomer momwe ntchito yeniyeni kachulukidwe kutembenuka chilinganizo zochokera kutentha chitsanzo (ambiri calibration kutentha ndi +15 ° C).
• Kodi kukula kwa yamphamvu chipangizo kukula chingwe.
• Ngati pali nkhani zoteteza (hydrometers osalimba).

zochepa chabe pamalangizo

Kagwiritsidwe vinomerom-saharomerom? Zitsanzo phala udzathiridwa mu yamphamvu chingwe. Hydrometer mokoma adatchithisira mu madzi ndi pang'ono onsewo apaulendo. The zimatengedwa idzatitimira tiwolokere pang'ono, mpaka mabasi pa mlingo wa kachulukidwe madzimadzi.

The vinomer zambiri pops mmwamba, shuga zambiri chitsanzo. The zambiri chipangizo ndi kumizidwa, m'munsi osalimba a madzi. Izi zikhonza kutanthauza kuti shuga panthawi imeneyi pafupifupi kwathunthu anasamutsidwa mowa kapena chitsanzo ndi ochepa kwambiri.

Pamene kutsitsa hydrometer mu yamphamvu ndi maphunziro kusamala kuti unit Kodi kugunda pansi ndi chiyani osaitanidwa.

Kagwiritsidwe vinomerom-saharomerom? kuyeza Guide

Ndime zotsatirazi ndi zinthu zingapo zosavuta kudzakuthandizani kuyeza chipangizo:

• chosawilitsidwa hydrometer, zitsanzo vinyo sampler ndi kuyeza yamphamvu ndi sodium metabisulfite kapena zina zofanana sterilizer;
• anaika chingwe chikho pa lathyathyathya pamwamba;
• sampler kutenga nyemba ayenera kapena vinyo, free matope kapena particulate kanthu, ngati izi zidzakhudza kuwerenga;
• mudzaze beaker ndi okwanira kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi tiwolokere akhoza vinomer (amangoona 80%);
• Mosamala kuchepetsa hydrometer mu yamphamvu chingwe (pa madzi ayenera zimayenda kotero thovu musati n'kudziphatika kwa pansi zimatengedwa, amene zingakhudze umboni wake);
• Onetsetsani chipangizo chamagetsi si kukhudza mpanda wa yamphamvu chingwe ndipo amayandama momasuka, kuyeza pansi pa meniscus lapansi.

The meniscus - ngodya yokhota popangidwa ndi pamwamba chapamwamba madzi pokhudzana ndi chinthu zina ndi mphamvu ya mavuto padziko. Zikuonetsa ayenera kuchotsedwa kwathunthu ndi kulemba chiwerengero kwa wina ndi malo atatu decimal, osati okha kanjedza atsopano, chifukwa m'tsogolo zikuoneka kuti chisokonezo.

Hydrometer, maphunziro yamphamvu, ndi zina muli ntchito ayenera nthawi zonse kutsukidwa bwino.

Izo ziyenera kukhala chizolowezi kulemba zonse zimene amaona vinomer pansi. Kagwiritsidwe umboni wake, zotchulidwa m'nkhani ino. Komanso, onetsetsani pali kufunika amatchula m'tsogolo.

mitundu vinomerov

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya hydrometer: ena lonse chimodzi chokha, ena awiri ndi zitatu. Atatu miyeso kuti muyenera winemaker ali motere:

• yeniyeni yokoka;
• shuga okhutira;
• gawo angathe mowa.

kachulukidwe lonse kawirikawiri imayamba komanso kutha ndi 0,990 1.120. Kwa madzi, mtengo wake ndi wofanana ndi munthu Komabe, ngati chipangizo amayandama mu madzi, pamwamba pake ayenera lifanane ndi chilemba cha 1,000. Ngati kupasuka shuga, ndiye hydrometer adzakhala tumphuka.

zolemba zina

ndemanga wosuta ali akulimbikitsidwa miyezo yolinganizika ndi kuwerengetsera nthawi awiri adafikapo. Mwina kunyumba winemaking kupeza muyeso zoonadi si yovuta, koma ndi chizolowezi chabwino, imene mukhoza kupewa milingo mopambanitsa kapena otsika kwambiri mowa chifukwa miyezo pachithunzichi.

Mwachitsanzo, 125 ga shuga kusungunuka mu lita imodzi ya madzi, adzakupatsani kachulukidwe enieni a 1,046.

Zinthu zokhudza kuwerenga

Childs, thovu la mpweya woipa opangidwa ndi kuwuka yisiti ndi kumwazikana mu mlengalenga. Pa chiyambi cha nayonso mphamvu, pamene zambiri mosalidwa awo, iwo amagwira kwa zimatengedwa ndi tiwolokere mphamvu vinomer. Kodi ntchito mu nkhani iyi, mawu ake anali olondola? Pamene kumizidwa mu ndemanga magazi wosuta amalangiza hydrometer Zungulirani. Nditamaliza nthawi yogwira nayonso mphamvu zambiri thovu salinso vuto.

Pali nkhani ina imene ndi chimafotokozera winemaker, pogwiritsa vinomer kunyumba. Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chamagetsi pamene nyemba kutentha ndi osiyana ndi kutentha kwa calibration? Mwachibadwa, ndi wofanana 20 ° C, koma chidaliro muyenera fufuzani ndi malangizo a opanga galimotoyo. apamwamba kutentha chifukwa ochepera kuwerenga. Choncho, chifukwa ayenera kudzudzulidwa.

Chinthu chofunika kwambiri kulimbikitsa pa momwe ntchito vinomerom-saharomerom, ndi pamaso pa mowa. kachulukidwe ake ndi zosakwana wa madzi, ndi zimatengedwa ndi pansipa. Pakuti hydrometer ili zotsatira kuti popeza zimatengedwa angakwanitse shuga, pamaso pa zigawo ziwiri walakwitsa ali ndi chikoka mwagwirizana pa wina ndi mzake. miyeso lonse mlingo wa shuga ndi zolondola yekha za chiyambi cha nayonso mphamvu, pamene palibe mowa madzi palibe. Wine kuti thovu youma, adzakhala ndi makhalidwe oipa a lonse lapansi.

Mwamwayi, zotsatira za mowa pa hydrometer ndi zodziwikiratu ndipo akhoza n'komwe mu akumapeza ya mitunduyi masamu ntchito kuwerengera zili mowa ndi kuchuluka yotsalira ya shuga. Ndiko kumene pali mwayi wa ntchito kachulukidwe yeniyeni - vinyo youma ndi pansipa 0.999, amene angagwiritsidwe ntchito mu kuwerengetsera lapansi.

kutanthauzira kwa miyezo ya

Vuto lina limene tingakhale nalo ntchito vinomer-saharomer kunyumba - kugwiritsa ntchito kuwerenga chida? Feedback kuchokera kwa ogwiritsa tikulimbikitsidwa kukhala chipika cha zotsatira zonse mayeso analandira vinyo yeniyeni. Malinga ndi mfundo zina ngakhale kuti asapanikize kuwerengetsera iliyonse.

The akangowerenga koyamba, anatengedwa pamaso pa chiyambi cha nayonso mphamvu, nkuti, okwanira kuchuluka kwa shuga zilipo kubala chofunika kuchuluka kwa mowa. Kwa mtendere wa muledzera vinyo m'menemo ayenera kukhala osachepera 10%, kutanthauza kuti poyamba yeniyeni kachulukidwe ayenera kukhala osachepera 1,080 (Brix mtengo ayenera kukhala osachepera 20). Ngati mlingo shuga ndi otsika kwambiri, m'pofunika kusintha, ndiye kupanga muyeso wina. The index latsopano lidzakhala "choyamba."

deta aliyense analandira pambuyo chiyambi cha nayonso mphamvu, angayerekezedwe ndi m'mbuyomu ndipo younikira patsogolo wonse wa nayonso mphamvu ya. Kuchepetsa kachulukidwe limasonyeza kuchepa shuga magazi ndi kuonjezera zili mowa. Ngati kuwerenga tikhale olimba vinomera pakati pa miyeso iwiri, ndi chimodzi cha zizindikiro kuti nayonso mphamvu udzatha.

Ngati vuto kachulukidwe ndi kuchuluka, ndipo izo sizinali chifukwa Kuwonjezera shuga kapena ena ayenera amafotokozera chifukwa ndi carbon dioxide, makamaka ngati thovu akalipo. Ngati izi zimachitika pafupi kutha nthawi nayonso mphamvu, n'zotheka kuchotsa mpweya kudzera mwa kusanganikirana tima vinyo pambuyo decanting.

Ngati kuwerenga tikhale olimba ndi yokoka zenizeni kuposa 0.996 (kapena ziro brix kapena zochepa) ndi kuchuluka anakhumba pano mowa, nayonso mphamvu anamaliza ndi kukhalapo kwa shuga yotsalira. Koma ngati zotsatira za miyezo ya sakusintha pa kachulukidwe kuti ndi apamwamba kuposa 0.996 (kapena Brix kuposa ziro), ndi mlingo mowa ndi kwambiri m'munsimu osachepera osavomerezeka, nayonso mphamvu ndi akhoza kusiya ndipo ayenera restarted.

Pamene yokoka yeniyeni akutsikira za 0.996 kapena zochepa (Brix - pang'ono pansi pa ziro), vinyo thovu ndi dryness.

Kuwerengetsa kuchuluka enieni a shuga mowa kapena phindu lenileni ayenera poyerekeza ndi woyamba, amene anatengedwa isanayambe nayonso mphamvu. Chiwerengero cha zili mowa anapezeka ndi kuchulukitsa kusiyana pakati pa grammage koyamba ndi womaliza wa 132.