Smolensk - pa Russian mzinda wakale, nthawi zonse zowawa chifukwa malo awo Hrs pa anansi European. Mu ulamuliro wa Fedor Ivanovich ndi Boris Godunov anamangidwira Smolensk Kremlin. mpanda Ichi ndi wapadera m'njira zambiri. Kwa nthawi yaitali mpanda wolimba ankaonedwa kuti yaikulu ndi odalirika ku Ulaya.
Mbiri ya yomanga ndi mpanda wolimba angaloŵe
Kumangidwa kwa mwala linga la Smolensk unayambitsidwa mu 1596. The wamanga mkulu wa polojekiti anali Fedor Savelievich kavalo. Ndi wazomangamanga kuyang'anira ntchito yomanga boma la Russia kuzungulira White City. Malinga ndi wolemba, malo otetezeka yatsopano kuposa onse alipo mu dziko lathu patsogolo. Chifukwa cha gulu woyenera ntchito ndi magulu a zikwi antchito, Smolensk Kremlin inatha ndipo achita m'Mphamvu patatha zaka zochepa maziko. The utali wonse wa makoma achitetezo ndi za 6.5 Km. Ngakhale malinga ndi anamangidwa ku midzi yambiri. kaŵirikaŵiri kusiyana ndi wodzichepetsa kukula, anthu wamba anakakhala kunja kwa mzindawo. Mu chochitika cha adani kuukira anthu a m'tawuni ya onse anabisala mu linga ndi kufika kwa chitetezo ya. yosiyana zinalili mu Smolensk. The mpanda latsopano adadzimanga mudzi wonse, chifukwa wozungulira ake sanali midzi.
Kufotokozera ndi chithunzi cha Smolensk Kremlin
Poyamba makoma anapanga zovuta osasamba chatsekedwa mawonekedwe, mbali imodzi kukuchitika pamodzi ndi Dnieper Mtsinje. Kremlin anali nsanja 38, 7 amene anali kuyenda (nawo chipata). Khoma makulidwe a mamita 4-6 m'madera ena, kutalika awo anali mamita 16. Komanso, kulinga anateteza ndi chiunda chomenyerapo nkhondo zadothi ndi chemba. Chipata chachikulu anali zochotsa limagwirira. Smolensk Kremlin chozizwitsa weniweni wa zomangamanga. makoma ake anali magulu atatu a nkhondowo: yekha, pakati ndi chapamwamba. Kwa nthawi, anthu anapanga yofunikayi ya zomangamanga asilikali.
Mu 1609, Sigismund III anagwidwa ndi asilikali za 22,000 ku Smolensk. chitetezo cha mzindawo kutsogozedwa ndi kazembe m'dera M. B. Shein. Asilikali poyamba anali wosiyana, monga zokometsera wa Smolensk, panali anthu okha 5000. Koma ngakhale izi, mzinda sanafooke monga mmene miyezi 20. Pa kuzinga asilikali Smolensk anasonyeza kulimba mtima ndi kulimba mtima. Pang'onopang'ono kuwachepera chakudya ndi nkhuni, chifukwa cha zinthu auve anali matenda ofala. M'chaka cha 1610 ndi 150 anafa tsiku lililonse, koma zokometsera Sakanapita kusiya. Smolensk Kremlin anali kulamulidwa ndi anthu a m'chilimwe 1611. Mu 1654, pambuyo Chirasha Polish nkhondo, a nyumba anabwerera kumalo a Russian. Smolensk Kremlin anavutika kwambiri pankhondo ya 1812. Kremlin anataya 8 nsanja, koma mbali zina za mpanda akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito chitetezo.
anasunga nsanja
Kamodzi malo otetezedwa bwino Smolensk modzitama 38 nsanja. Anapulumuka kwa masiku athu okha 17 iwo. Tower Volkova (Volkhovskaya, Siemienska, muvi) anamangidwanso pa kubwezeretsedwa mu 1877. A tsoka ofanana ndi Kostyrevskoy (ufa, Red) nsanja. Anamangapo pambuyo chiwonongeko chotheratu cha nyumbayi tsopano, nachiritsidwa, ili mu cafe alipo. Luchinskaya nsanja kapena Veselukha - amodzi mwa malo ambiri ankakonda mpumulo wa m'tauni, kuchokera phazi amapereka zosaneneka maganizo wowoneka bwino. Limati osiyana ife anapulumuka kutsatira Smolensk Kremlin nsanja: Pozdnyakov (Rogovka) Gorodetsky (Mphungu), Avramievsky, Zaaltarnaya (Beluga), Shembelevka, Zimbulka, Voronin, Nikolsky Chipata Makhovaia. Chidwi kwambiri alendo ndi Thunder - ndi nthambi ya Historical Museum, ndi Donets, kufupi ndi kumene inu mukhoza kuwona achikumbutso odzipereka kwa zokometsera mumzinda mu 1812 ndipo 1941-1945. Kopytitskie zipata anasunga pafupifupi mu mawonekedwe zoyambirira, dzina analandira ulemu kwa msewu, omwe ankayendetsa nkhosa ku msipu pamaso yomanga boma la Russia. Modabwitsa dzina lake ndi Tower Bubleyka. Malinga ndi nthano, anali kudyetsedwa ndi chizindikiro zomvetsera pamene tipemphela kwa adani. Pamalo Pyatnitskikh cholinga lero Mpingo wa St. Nicholas ndi Wonderworker, anamanga mu 1816. nyumba ina yatsopano ya boma la Russia - Kassandalovskaya nsanja, lero ndi kowonera zakale wodzipereka ku Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo. Pa malo a Dnipro cholinga 1793 anamangidwira kachisi, lero anatsegula pano Sunday sukulu.
The kukopa waukulu Smolensk lero
Zikuluzikulu Smolensk linga lidakalipobe nsanja 17 okha ndi makombo a makoma. Pamene anali kuyenda mwa alendo mzinda akhoza mwangozi nabredat pa kupulumuka zinthu za mpanda wakale. Smolensk Kremlin, amene mbiri ndi zogwirizana kwambiri ndi zochitika za boma wathu, anazindikira ngati chipilala a zomangamanga Russian zaka XVI-XVII. Iye anabwezeretsa kangapo, koma kubwezeretsa zonse za nyumba imeneyi si maphunziro. Nsanja kupulumuka ali mu maiko osiyanasiyana, ena mwa iwo anatsegula kowonera zakale Alendo ena mabungwe ena onse ndi malonda. Dziwani kuti ngakhale uliri panopa Smolensk Kremlin makoma bwino kwambiri. Onetsetsani kukaona kukopa wapadera munthu pa ulendo wopita ku Smolensk.