Smolensk manda ku St. Petersburg: adiresi, ndi Chapel wa Xenia Wodalitsika (St. Petersburg) ndi mbiri. Momwe kuti Smolensk manda

Smolensk manda ku St. Petersburg, mwina angatchedwe wamkulu mu mzinda. Panali nthawi yomweyo ndi mumzindawo. Komanso, malo ano amakopeka chinsinsi chake, zongoganiza, ndi nthano zambiri.

Chifukwa "Smolensk"

Akukhulupirira kuti pomanga St. Petersburg pa Vasilevsky Island anafika ogwira ntchito ku Smolensk. Chifukwa cha khama ndipo posakhalitsa anafa zinthu losauka. Ndipo ife m'manda pa chakumwera kwa chilumba pamodzi Black Mtsinje. Kuyambira pamenepo, m'munda pamodzi inali kudziŵika Smolensk.

Komabe, nthawi zambiri, Baibulo ichi ndi nkhambakamwa munthu. Mayina a mitsinje ndi manda linaonekera pomanga malo a mpingo wodzipereka ku Smolensk chithunzi cha mayi wa Mulungu. Mlembi wa chizindikiro ichi chinali St. Luke. Ndipo Vladimir Monomakh anasamukira ku Smolensk. Choncho, dzina labwino.

Mu 1792, mpingo kakusintha kukonzanso ndipo wakhala kachiwiri anayatsa dzina la Arhangela Mihaila. Komabe, lero kachisi sipezeka, monga anawachotsa m'zaka 19.

"Kawiri za" Smolensk manda

St. Petersburg ndi manda wotchuka kugawana mbiri wamba ndi pafupifupi munthawi yomweyo chiyambi. Choncho, pambuyo chigonjetso Poltava, chifukwa muli ndi likulu kumpoto, mzindawo unali si limodzi ovomerezeka manda. Komwe iwo - kumeneko ndi kuikidwa m'manda. Pa Vasilevsky Island m'manda pamodzi kumanzere m'mbali mwa mtsinje wa Smolenka (poyamba ya Black Mtsinje). Mu 1710, a chancellery asilikali inamangidwa pano, ndi manda anakhala malo m'manda a akaidi amene anafera m'ndende St. Petersburg. Rumor ali kuti zigawenga akufa mwachindunji mu unyolo ndi m'manda.

Pansi pa dzina "Smolensk manda" amatanthauza manda awiri osiyana pafupi - Orthodox ndi Lutheran (German). Akuti wamkulu Orthodox.

Chikalata m'manda a manda inali 1738 ndi lamulo la Synod. German manda anatseguka kenako - mu 1747.

Kumanda tidied ndi landscaped. Pakuti sizinali yopemphereramo wake, ndiye mu 1755 linamangidwa mpingo polemekeza Smolensk chithunzi cha mayi wa Mulungu. Kuyambira pamenepo, tinayamba pano ndikaike chipembedzowo ndi alendo, ndi Cadets. Mu 1807, zotsalira za anakwiriridwa mu Ankhondo a Malta. Mu 1831, panali malo wotchingidwa kwa maliro a anthu amene anamwalira kolera.

Pofika m'ma 19 Smolensk manda ku St. Petersburg ndi waukulu mu mzinda. Pa 1860 chiwerengero m'manda anali 350,000. Pakali pano, m'manda m'dera - 50 mahekitala.

chigumula

Kumapeto kwa 1824 pa Smolensk manda anakomoka chigumula. mipanda onse anagwetsa mitanda ankasambanso padziwe malo manda yokutidwa ndi dziko lapansi kotero kuti awapeza anali pafupi zosatheka. Ambiri a chigumula ndipo sanathe kupeza manda a okondedwa. Chigumula chinawononga Archive lonse, mu mpingo, asungidwa mu mabuku parishi zimene ansembe anali kunyumba. Mpingo wa Angelo Michael anawonongedwa pafupifupi pansi. Chifukwa, izo zinkayenera kuti anagwetsa, monga kubwezeretsedwa kwa nyumbayi kosamugonjera. Pa vutoli adzawonongedwa ngakhale atatu akazi achikulire amene sanathe kuthawa.

Mu mawu, kumanda lonse anapatsidwa mu nyansi wathunthu ndi zowawa zomvetsa yaikulu. Zakhala nthawi yambiri ndiponso khama kuonetsetsa kuti zonse oyera ndi kubwezeretsa. Komabe, ambiri a m'manda ndi sanapezeke. Mwachitsanzo, kutaya Ankhondo a Malta.

Bakuman a ansembe makumi

Smolensk manda ku St. Petersburg, kumakonda kukhala anthu ambiri. Anthu amabwera kuno osati kwa achibale kulemekeza pokumbukira akufa, koma pofuna kutenga kukayenda ndi kuwona m'manda a anthu otchuka komanso amene akufuna kuona chikhalidwe cha chinsinsi ndi zongoganiza. Mu gawo wakale wotchuka wa manda, amene kwambiri akuthamanga, malinga ndi nthano, mukhoza kukumana mizukwa lapansi. nthano zambiri zokhudza malo awa. Ndipo choopsa ndi yolakwika ankaona nthano ya ofera 40 m'dzina la chikhulupiriro. Asayansi ambiri ndi mbiri yakale amakhulupirira kuti si nthano ayi, koma ndi zimene zinachitika kuti kwenikweni.

Mu 20s Mu zaka zapitazo, akuluakulu anamangidwa ansembe makumi anai, wokhala mu Leningrad chigawocho. Anthu anamangidwa litapita ku Smolensk manda. Iwo alimbane manda zakale, ndi kupatsidwa kusankha: mwina moyo pousinthanitsa ndi renunciation wa Mulungu, kapena imfa. Palibe Ansembewo sasiya Mulungu. Ndiye onse a iwo anali m'manda wamoyo. Malinga ndi mboni, masiku atatu kuchokera mu nthaka akhoza kumva kubuula kwa ofera, ndiyeno zidawala manda ray Mulungu, ndipo anali chete.
Ngakhale kuti kuyambira tsoka zinachitika pafupifupi zaka, Anthu amabwera ku manda azikumbukira ofera makumi anai. Kumanda nthawi kuyatsa makandulo ndi kuyala maluwa.

Wodala Xenia wa Petersburg

Smolensk manda anatchuka chifukwa odziwika ku mzinda komanso Chapel wa Xenia Wodalitsika, woyang'anira ndi mtetezi wa St. Petersburg. Ndi nthano zambiri zokhudza dzina la woyang'anira woyera.

Chotero, mmodzi wa iwo, mtsikana Xenia, kuzikwirira mwamuna wake, nupatse aumphawi zonse adali nazo, ndi kuvala chovala womwalirayo nakhala misala. Ndipo mu kutentha ndi kuzizira, ankayenda m'misewu ndipo anayankhula kwa odutsa onse a openga vesche. Koma pasanapite nthawi zinadziwika kuti zonse anati Xenia zinali zofunika kwambiri. Iye anali ndi mphatso ya clairvoyance.

Pambuyo Xenia anafa, anthu anayamba kufika kumanda a misala pa Smolensk manda. Ndipo posachedwa anamanga nyumba yopemphereramo mkati ncindi. mpingo uno sanali anatseka ngakhale m'nyengo Soviet. Anthu amakhulupirira kuti ngati katatu kuyenda pozungulira mpingo, kuganizira nthawi imodzi za wolimba kwambiri, Wodalitsika Xenia kukwaniritsa chokhumba. Mwina n'chifukwa chake pali zambiri kotheka kukumana akuvutika chikondi.

Si nthano chabe

Smolensk manda ku St. Petersburg wotchuka osati kwa zinsinsi zake. Pa manda m'manda ambiri otchuka St. Petersburg.
zounikira Science monga Zablocki, Viskovatov, Beketov, olemba Sologub, Charskaya, Emin, Makovsky ojambula zithunzi Shebuev Yordani ndipo Shchukin.

Pa Alley chapakati kumanda, mukhoza kuona manda a Mozhaisk - munthu kumanga ndege yoyamba, mlengi wa armadillo wa - Popov, wotchuka wapaulendo Semenov-Tyan-Shan, Valkitskogo kuyenda panyanja, mkulu wa sitima zapamadzi "Panther" Bakhtin ndi Dostoevsky abale ndi nephews.
Pafupi ndi manda a ansembe makumi anai ndi Blok njanji. Pa mfundo imeneyi 1921, anaikidwa ndi Alexander Blok. Manda a ndakatulo iyi unali kale kunditumiza ku Volkovskoye kumanda, koma "pachiyambi" malo aiwala. Apo pakuyima mwala achikumbutso ndi kuyala maluwa ndi mafani.

Kuwonjezera pa manda a kanjedza otchuka mu Smolensk kumanda ali ndi zipilala okongola ndi zachilendo. Mwachitsanzo, chipilala wodzipereka kwa msilikali wa apolisi Russian, zomwe zinasungidwa kuyambira nthawi chisanadze chosintha. chipilala Izi zonse muwasunge apolisi apamsewu.

kumanda lero

M'zaka za kuukira boma la manda chinatsekedwa chifukwa cha kusowa malo. A mbali ya dziko ndi manda unapatsidwa kwa yomanga ... mkaka.

Pofuna kukhala pa zipilala osachepera ndi tombstones wa kanjedza otchuka awo kuwayalanso mu Alexander Nevsky obisika. Masiku ano, Orthodox gawo la manda wobwezeretsedwa: kubwezeretsedwa gravestones, tchalitchi, ennobled Alley, pokhala Archive wapadera wa maliro onse. Pa manda, salinso m'manda (kupatula milandu wapadera).

German wagawo amakhalabe mu bwinja lalikulu, ndipo ngakhale mbiri za kugwetsa pafupi. Komabe, mpaka palibe kusintha, apa ndi mumabwerabe kuona zipilala anasunga kwa zaka za m'ma 18.

Choncho, ngati mwaganiza kukaona Smolensk manda, momwe kumeneko? The pokwerera masitima okwerera sitima - "Vasileostrovskaya". Pafupi kuchoka kwa yapansi kusiya. Tengani takisi chiwerengero K-249 ndi kupita msewu maminiti khumi ndi asanu Kama. Malinga ndi iye, posapatukira, kupita kumene, ndipo patsogolo - ndi Smolensk manda. Address: Street Kama, 3.