Tanthauzo la "comme il faut" ndi udindo wa ngongole ya chinenero cha Chirasha

chiyankhulo chilichonse chamoyo - chodabwitsa zazikulu. Ndipo imodzi mwa njira ya chitukuko - pobwereka. Ngati mwamvetsetsa dongosolo ndi momwe ngongole mawu, mawu ndi "comme il faut" akonzedwa sadzakhala kovuta.

Mu aliyense chinenero (makamaka European) ndi ochepa kwambiri mbadwa mawu ake okha ndi mizu, chifukwa zilankhulo za ku Ulaya kwa zaka zambiri akhala akugwira ntchito ndi mzake ndi zinenero Asia, Africa, America ndi Australia (chifukwa kulamulira).

zizindikiro zakunja angabwere mu chinenero monga kutifotokozera yatsopano, ndi dzina latsopano kwa chodabwitsa akale. Mwachitsanzo, mu zinenero zambiri, pali mawu (Kanema, kiranberi, vodika, msuzi, msuzi, mkate ndi zina chikhalidwe zinthu dzina Russian za tsiku ndi tsiku). Mawu amene agwa mu chikhalidwe mayiko - chabwerekedwa Russian. Monga ana Russian kufunsa funso zimene tanthauzo la "comme il faut", ndi French zodabwitsa za borscht, musati muyesere izo apobe.

Sankakhala akhoza kukhala magulu awiri. Choyamba, kumachitika phonetic mawu kwambiri kapena zochepa molondola ndipo anatengera yake ya chibadwidwe cha katchulidwe mosavuta. Chachiwiri, gulu la magawo constituent la mawu kapena mawu ndi kumasulira mabuku a mawu m'chinenero chimene ngongole. Choncho, nthawi zambiri tigwiritse ntchito mawu ovuta multiroot kapena mawu lonse. Nthawi zambiri, kudziwa ngongole zimenezi, m'pofunika kukhala yaikulu zinenero kaonedwe kapena phenomenal zinenero Luso. Mwachitsanzo, anthu angapo amadziwanso kuti mawu "Orthodox" - ndi zikopa lolembedwa-pobwereka mawu Greek "enieni". Kwa nthawi yaitali imene chinenero Russian mu ngongole akubwera kuchokera zilankhulo zina za anthu.

A History Mwachidule wa akutenga ndalama chiri motere: mu X-XII zaka zambiri, panali zambiri gretsizmov, mwachitsanzo mizu, akubwera kuchokera Greek, makamaka dera zampingo. Mu XII-XIV anabwera Turkisms: Mongol goli sanathe kupatsira popanda kufufuza ndi chinenero.

Kenako - Time ya Mavuto ndi kupanduka Cossack, linagawanika - ndipo mogwirizana ndi Polish-Chilituyaniya Commonwealth. Mu Russian kumeneko Polonism - mwachitsanzo pobwereka ku chinenero Polish. Ndiye, ndithudi, izo sankadziwika tanthauzo la "comme il faut".

Peter Ine anakonda Dutch ndi German chikhalidwe, komanso ena sanasangalale ndi chinenero cha Chirasha kuti mupewe angapo Germanism, makamaka mu makampani asilikali ndi shipbuilding.

Mu theka lachiwiri la XVIII ndi XIX atumwi onse, monga mukudziwa, ife tinali amatengeka France ndi lonse French chikhalidwe ambiri. Tanthauzo la "comme il faut" ndiye ankadziwa mwana aliyense: ". Mawu abwino, malamulo a khalidwe labwino" Kumasulira kwa French akuti «comme il faut» limatanthauza "akamavutika." Gallicisms osati kale kubwera nakhala mbali zosiyanasiyana m'moyo - usilikali, bwalo, luso, mafashoni. Nthawi zina sitiganiza n'komwe kuona Gallicisms m'chinenero chawo: battalion, boa, maswiti, tights, msuzi, comme il faut. Gallicisms kufunika kwa chinenero Russian n'zovuta overstate. Iwo ndithudi Polemeretsedwa chinenero chathu zosiyanasiyana osakaniza phokoso. Koma tsopano, mwatsoka, anthu ambiri aiwala mtengo wa ena ngongole koma osati comme il faut! Tanthauzo la mawu - ndi osachepera kuti tiyenera kudziwa za izo.

Chabwino, XX m'ma anglicisms wotchuka Americanisms. Anasonkhana ndi mafashoni kwa jinzi ndi McDonald, anadza ndi zitsanzo othina ndi iPhones, kudutsa panyanja ndi chikhalidwe thanthwe ndi madola.

Mosakayikira, XXI atumwi, oyambirira Zakachikwi latsopano, nayenso, zidzatipatsa kuti zochitika chatsopano ndi nthawi - ngongole watsopano.