Thanzi zomwe. Mitundu ya anthu thanzi

The chikhalidwe wamkulu wa munthu aliyense wapangidwa zinthu zingapo, lomwe likulamuliridwa ndi thanzi. Mitundu ya Health anapereka dongosolo zovuta zomwe Mzimuyo osati maganizo wonse, komanso dzuwa la lake.

makhalidwe General

N'zosatheka kumvetsa ndi kudziwa thanzi, mitundu thanzi, komanso zigawo zina za thupi wathanzi ngati inu musati muziyang'anira mwatsatanetsatane pa mfundo zotsatirazi. Choncho, thanzi la anthu, lero, amatchedwa munthu wabwinobwino ndi khola choganiza boma la munthu. Zotsatirazi mitundu ya anthu thanzi:

• thupi;
• maganizo
• chikhalidwe bwino.

Muyezo waukulu, umene adzatenga mitundu pamwamba thanzi ndi luso kupereka thupi ndi lamulo yachibadwa khalidwe komanso ntchito bwino munthuyo.

madokotala poyamba ankaona kuti thanzi amatchedwa boma la thupi, limene palibe matenda: m'maganizo, somatic, thupi ndi zina. Komabe, la World Health Organization wapanga chopereka chofunikira kwa tanthauzo akale, kuwonjezera muyezo kofunika "umoyo" wa muzochitika zones za ntchito kwa thupi.

Mu 2001 Apanasenko GA Iye anabweretsa tanthauzo lake. Iye ananena kuti chikhalidwe thanzi la munthu imatchedwa zazikulu, potsata pali mu nkhokwe thupi, monga kukana kuti zinthu zina zoipa, luso kukwaniritsa maganizo pathological amenewa amapezeka mu miyoyo yathu kulikonse, ndi zina zotero. dokotala anafotokoza i zina zomwe zimaonetsa thanzi. Mitundu thanzi ndi msinkhu wawo, monga Apanasenko, yodziwika ndi pulasitiki, mphamvu komanso zofunika zambiri kuthandiza njira moyo, kumachita monga okonza ntchito lonse la chamoyo. Komanso, thanzi mokakamiza zikutanthauza kuti n'zotheka chiwonetsero cha ntchito chikhalidwe ndi kwachilengedwenso, kuti ndi chilakolako cha kubereka ana kapena kupulumuka ndi kuteteza munthu awo.

Mafomu: thanzi

makhalidwe amenewa, ayenera kuphunzira ndi kumvetsa, koma owerenga pafupifupi ayenera tchulani zitsanzo kuchita. Chotero kodi ndiyo thanzi la anthu? Mitundu thanzi Choyamba amamvetsera thupi kapena thanzi la thupi. Mfundo imeneyi mosavuta m'zimene tatchulawa matanthauzo onse ongolankhula.

thanzi - ndi mkhalidwe wa munthu amene pali lamulo langwiro njira moyo wosadalira zizindikiro kunja. Komanso, gulu akhoza mulinso digiri yapamwamba ya bata ndi anatengera kuti zinthu zambiri zachilengedwe, ndi chiyanjano cha njira zonse zokhudza thupi. Monga ulamuliro, zizindikiro zachipatala kuperekedwa mu mndandanda zotsatirazi:

• Mlingo wa zolimbitsa thupi ndi olimba thupi.
• kukula.
• Fitness la thupi, potsata maphunziro zonse komanso mwadongosolo.

Mu njira zambiri, ntchitozo kupereka thanzi la thupi. Ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu zofunika, zomwe kudziwa udindo wa boma olimba a munthu, ziri thupi m'thupi kamvekedwe ndi thanzi kwenikweni.

maganizo

Mental thanzi lauzimu - mankhwala pali ambiri mfundo zosiyanasiyana. Ngakhale multiplicity a matanthauzo, zakambidwa mwachidule motere: ndi maganizo a munthu - ndi mphamvu yake mokwanira kuyankha kwa chilengedwe, onse mkati ndi kunja. Mbali yaikulu ya chigawo chimodzi cha mtundu uwu wa thanzi ndi mphamvu, kaya zikuchitika mkati ndi kunja kudzibalanitsa nokha ndi maganizo anu. Amafotokozera chapakati muli ndi maganizo umoyo wa thupi.

yothandiza anthu pa matenda

Yopulumutsa maganizo ndi inextricably zogwirizana chikhalidwe umoyo wa munthu. udindo yabwino chikhalidwe - ndi luso bwinobwino azolowere ku malo ochezera zimene munthu ali pa mphindi. M'pofunikanso kuona luso anapitiriza bwinobwino kugwiritsa ntchito chikhalidwe. thanzi Ichi ndi chizindikiro cha ntchito za anthu onse m'dziko, ndiye kuli maulalo, chuma zipatso kukambirana, mogwirizana khalidwe ndi zizindikiro za umoyo mkulu chikhalidwe cha munthu. A muyezo wamakhalidwe thanzi chimathandiza munthu nyimbo mu mogwirizana ndi yogwira ndi dzikoli.

Dziwani kuti mfundo yothandiza anthu pa matenda wakhala mu pedagogical masiku ano sayansi maganizo ndi zochepa zapitazi. N'chifukwa chake sikutheka motsimikiza kuvomereza mndandanda wa muyezo bwino. Komabe, ofanana ambiri ndi postulates zotsatirazi kupanga udindo bwino chikhalidwe cha munthu:

• pamaso pa kumvetsetsa malamulo a khalidwe analandira anthu;
• mlingo yabwino mwauzimu;
• anatengera chilengedwe chikhalidwe;
• chitukuko cha makhalidwe abwino.

Social ndi maganizo thanzi: i

Sociology ndi kuwerenga maganizo a umunthu muli mndandanda wa muyezo umene uyenera kutsata kukhalabe mkulu mlingo wa thanzi:

• Kudziŵa zinthu "Ine", ndipo pa ndime ndi - zinachitikira mosalekeza zakukhosi ndi umodzi wa thupi ndi zauzimu.
• mlingo okwanira zofuna ndi criticality ku kudzikonda, komanso adziwe zimene zimachitika pa zotsatira zake.
• mphamvu kulamulira khalidwe lawo, kuphatikizapo zochitika sanali muyezo wotsutsa.
• A mchitidwe wachibadwa malamulo ambiri amavomereza za makhalidwe masiku ano anthu ambiri makhalidwe abwino ndi malamulo malamulo.
• Kumvetsa kufunika kukonzekera zabwino ngati ntchito ndi zinthu payekha, komanso kukhazikitsa bwino zolinga ndi zokhumba.

Yopulumutsa maganizo zimadalira kukhalabe chizindikiro payekha. Nkofunika kuganizira kusintha chowawa mu malo kunja, zomwe zimakhudza kapangidwe ka umunthu, ndi kuchititsa matenda okhudza ubongo. Ngakhale zinthu zoipa, n'kofunika kukhala ndi maganizo abwino ndi kukhala njira zawo za kuthana ndi mavuto.

The kuwerenga maganizo ndi moyo wa anthu

thanzi Psychological mankhwala amatchedwa zazikulu ya makhalidwe amene samalani mogwirizana pakati pa zinthu zofunika kwa munthu ndi zofunika kuti kukusonya kwa iye ndi anthu. maganizo kapena wauzimu ndi chimodzi mwa preconditions zofunika kwambiri, umalimbana chitukuko ndi kudzikonda actualization.

Maslow woyamba Anasonyeza makhalidwe zimathandiza kulimbitsa thanzi maganizo mbali ya umunthu:

• Lathu pa zochitika zenizeni.
• Ambiri ganizo si zokha koma nkhani.
• Kufunika payekha.
• Wauzimu ndi makulidwe auzimu.
• Wodzilamulira.
• A nthabwala ndi zina zotero.

m'maganizo

m'maganizo kumaphatikizapo kuvomereza maganizo ake ngati munthu weniweni datum anapereka moyo. Chifukwa mkulu mlingo wa boma maganizo , mukhoza ndimamvetsera ena, kuphunzira chisoni, komanso tichotse kapena kukhazikitsa ubale. Ndi zabwino m'maganizo a munthu akhoza kupereka thandizo anthu zolimba woyenera.

umoyo wogonana

zaumoyo wogonana ndi zovuta za mbali pa khalidwe la munthu, omwe amaonjezera mphamvu munthu kukonda. Somatic, aluntha, muzochitika chikhalidwe ndi maganizo a ntchito moyo wa munthu osati kuchitapo kuganizira zinthu zolimbikitsa, komanso patsogolo maluso kugonana.

Makhalidwe ndi udindo wake zinthu payekha

Moral maziko a thanzi la munthu kupanga makhalidwe ndi maganizo a munthu yemwe kudziwa makhalidwe a munthu mu chilengedwe makamaka chikhalidwe. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngakhale mavuto a moyo munthuyo amatsatira mfundo zake ndipo amayamikira zimene ali pa mphindi. Thanzi makhalidwe Muwerenge zosowa, zolinga ndi zinthu zomwe anthu akuyembekezera pa moyo wake.

Munthu akhoza kumva kwathunthu okha kambiri thanzi wonse ndi zigawo zake payekha: maganizo, thanzi, chitukuko makhalidwe abwino, ndi zina zotero. Apo ayi, utenge miyezo kuthetsa kungasokoneze thupi ndi mantha dongosolo, ndi pa nthawi yomweyo - kuyamba ntchito za umoyo.