The endocrine zopangitsa za thupi: anatomofiziologicheskie makhalidwe ndi tanthauzo zinchito

Lamulo ntchito zimene zimagwiritsidwa ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya thupi, zimatheka m'njira ziwiri mwapadera. Choyamba - ichi ndi limagwirira humoral kulamulira, umene uli kale, ngati tasankha zinthu structural ndi zinchito za thupi mwa mawu a chitukuko phylogenetic. Limagwirira chachiwiri zambiri kusintha ndi kumva kusintha mu chikhalidwe cha thupi. Izi lamulo mantha, ndicho chimene yafupika ntchito malangizo yokhudza choipidwa ndi zotumphukira bongo, koma zotsatira za chinthu humoral ndi zimene tinthu mtundu ku maofesi cholandilira selo ziwalo chandamale. M'mene HIV chizindikiro ikuchitika mwa mamolekyulu zamoyo kaphatikizidwe amene alipo mu thupi endocrine England. Iwo secrete zinthu ingafalire kudzera m'magazi ndi mtunda wina ku England ndi chikoka pansi pa ulamuliro wa boma.

Endocrine zopangitsa: kapangidwe humoral lamulo dongosolo

Udindo ntchito olondola a machitidwe onse ndi ziwalo za munthu amanyamula ubongo, ndilo pakati pamwamba pa kusanthula mfundo ukubwera ndi malo kaphatikizidwe zizindikiro anatumidwa ndi maselo chandamale pamwamba machitidwe awiri. Ndipo ngati chikoka mantha amalimbikitsidwanso kudzera maulalo angapo pa mtundu wodzipereka nsalu ya aposredstvenno humoral anazindikira chifukwa kunyamula mamolekyulu bioactive amatha mphamvu ya lilime maofesi pa maselo a ziwalo chandamale. Pankhaniyi, zopangitsa za endocrine imakonzedwa m'njira yapadera, ndipo izi mwapadera kwa exocrine lapansi. Choyamba, exocrine zopangitsa secrete mamolekyulu zawo, ndiyo mu chilengedwe. Izi zimafuna ducts wapadera excretory, amene endocrine England maselo secretory amene anakhetsa mahomoni mwachindunji mu m'magazi.

Nkofunika kuti malo apamwamba humoral lamulo ndi mu ubongo, womwe ndi ubongo imene imalamulira kutentha. Wake minofu glandular chiyambi ubongo synthesizes statins, kumabwezera mmbuyo kaphatikizidwe wa mahomoni pituitary, ndi liberiny mwake kuti modulate ntchito yake. Ndi amenewa bidirectional akwaniritsa kulamulira ntchito kudutsa dongosolo endocrine zopangitsa thupi. Choncho m'thupi lamulo la ntchito ina pakati ndi pituitary - dongosolo, ndi za 20 nthawi kakang'ono kuposa ubongo imene imalamulira kutentha, koma amagwira ntchito chonchi. Ndi chidwi zimenezi England yaing'ono amachita kaphatikizidwe wa mankhwala macromolecular lalikulu zedi, ndipo amatchedwa mahomoni, pamene dongosolo apamwamba mlingo umabala yekha statin ndi liberinami osavuta kwambiri mankhwala dongosolo, ngati ndi dipeptide.

The zina endocrine England chabe olamulidwa ndi pituitary ndi katulutsidwe mkombero zimadalira ntchito kaphatikizidwe mahomoni lotentha. Choncho neurohypophysis wina apanga ndi ADH zolimbana reabsorption la tinthu madzi mu impso kusonkhanitsa ducts wa nephrons, ndi oxytocin, kuyang'anira contractions uterine pa ntchito, ndi zopangitsa maselo a mabere a katulutsidwe mkaka. Adenohypophysis kapena zapambuyo Lobe a prostate akulamulira kukula kwa njira chamoyo mkombero katulutsidwe mahomoni chithokomiro , ndi decarboxylation mu medulla adrenal, kaphatikizidwe mahomoni steroid mu kotekisi adrenal.

Kwambiri ziwalo zina zofunika kwa anthu kapamba ndi gonads. Malinga ndi matabwa ake ndi ntchito - ndi wosanganiza England katulutsidwe mtundu, mwachitsanzo ali ndi malo thupi, ena ndi endocrine katulutsidwe mtundu, ndipo chachiwiri - eccrine. Choncho gonads allocated maselo nyongolosi chilengedwe, mahomoni koma ikuyenda molunjika mu magazi. Choncho endocrine ntchito ya kapamba lithe kumachepetsa glucagon, insulin ndi somatostatin, exocrine - kaphatikizidwe ndi amylases ndi peptidases chimbudzi 12 duodenum. Chifukwa kapamba, chimodzimodzi monga gonads - izo exocrine ndi endocrine England imodzi.