The Ndondomeko ili yonse yomanga: zofunika, zizindikiro, kamangidwe

Kukhazikitsa ntchito zambiri zomanga, komanso kukhazikitsa ubale malamulo m'munda wa wotuluka malo zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mapepala wapadera - mapulani a nyumba ndi nyumba. magwero zimenezi zingakhale ofunda (ndi Adaniwo malinga ndi lamulo), ndi zosagwirizana ndi malamulo, komabe otchuka. Pakati magwero ambiri kuti zinatigonjera zinthu lolamulira malangizo - mapulani nyumba, kuganizira mfundo zimene mayina a boma cadastre. kulunjika chawo n'chiyani? Mu dongosolo umaimiridwa ndi zolemba izi?

Kukafola mapulani a nyumba: normative lamulo

momwe ziyenera wasenza dongosolo la nyumbayi, ngati pansi gulu amenewa kumvetsa malamulo, malamulo ndi Order Utumiki wa Development Economic wa Russian Federation # 403, lofalitsidwa 01.09.2010 chaka. Iwo anatola kupanga chikalata lolingana ndi zofunika anasiyira chitukuko. Komanso, chidutswa chofunika kwambiri malamulo dera la mapulani chitukuko Chilamulo Federal №221-FZ anavomera pa 24.07.2007 chaka. Mmenemo, makamaka kudziwa chiyani dongosolo la nyumbayi, zomwe muli. Taganizirani mfundo izi, komanso kuti azitha iwo ndi Order # 403, mwatsatanetsatane.

ndicho dongosolo la nyumbayi chiyani?

Choncho, dongosolo la nyumbayi, malinga ndi Federal Chilamulo №221, ndi chikalata chomwe chimasiyanitsa zambiri zofunika kuti alipo m'chigawo cadastre, komanso mfundo za nyumbayi muyenera kuwongola pa umboniwo. Kumbali ya mudziwe amathanso zimaonekera chokhudza mbali zina za izo, ndi ena, ofunika kulowa ya zomangamanga mu kufufuza lapansi.

Dziwani kuti pali zambiri zolembedwa otere, monga mapulani a kamangidwe ka nyumbayi. Komabe, kuikidwa iwo akhoza kukhala osiyana kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mapulani a kamangidwe sangakhale mwachindunji ndi zolembedwa cadastral, wasenza pa mlingo ntchito, inakulitsidwa.

Nawonso dongosolo, ndi drafting chimene motsatira Order # 403, ndi kuyeza zokhudza zinthu kusasanyiwa, anapereka pa kulembetsa cadastral. Nthawi zambiri pansi pa dongosolo la nyumbayi, ngati mutsatira malamulo boma la chilamulo, amatanthauza dongosolo luso. Ngakhale, ndithudi, Mwamseri ankaona mawu kulumikiza osiyanasiyana zikalata.

gwero mu funso, - ndi "chipembedzo" Ndondomeko ili yonse yomanga angaonere kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu. Zimakhala ngati nyumba osiyana ndi, makamaka, ofesi maofesi, nyumba. Kungakhale onse muyezo nyumba, ndi iwo amene ali omangidwa mu ntchito yapadera yomanga.

Kapangidwe ka pulani yomangira

Ankaona chikalata tichipeza midadada ziwiri:

• mawu;
• zithunzi.

Aliyense wa iwo ukufanizidwa ndi zigawo zingapo, mndandanda wa sipangakhalenso limanenedwa ngati mosamalitsa mwalamulo ndi kupanga maziko a mtundu enieni ntchito cadastral.

Cholinga cha chipika lemba ndiyo kuganizira mfundo kwambiri zokhudza chinthu. Iwo akhoza mulibe zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana konza ulaliki wa zinthu zina mu mpukutuwu. Mu bokosi malemba, dongosolo pansi pali zigawo kuti amadziwa:

• zokhudza ntchito yopitilira cadastral;
• deta gwero, zambiri pa muyeso, mawerengedwe;
• zambiri pa malo nyumbayi mu dziko;
• khalidwe waukulu wa chinthu;
• zokhudza izi kapena mbali zina za nyumbayo;
• makhalidwe chachikulu cha malo a - ngati izo zifika Mwachitsanzo, nyumba ya zatchatchatcha;
• Pomaliza, katswiri pa Cadastre.

Mofanana kwambiri ndi zithunzi unit. Chinthu chachikulu - zimasonyeza zomangamanga makamaka a nyumbayi, kusonyeza katundu mwankhanza nyumba ndi zinthu zawo Kugwirizana kwa kukonza. Mu likutipatsa chipika dongosolo ndi kupereka mndandanda wa nkhani zenizeni. Pakati pa anthu:

• chithunzi chosonyeza kapangidwe ka zomangamanga geodetic;
• Kamangidwe chinthu mwa dziko;
• chinthu ndondomeko chojambula;
• dongosolo pansi chinthu kapena nyumba wonse, kusonyeza ngati n'koyenera, wa malo ena.

Nkhani mu funso, tiyenera kukhalanso ndi zigawo:

• kuwalitsa mwachidule za ntchito yopitilira pa kufufuza ndi;
• lili deta koyamba;
• kuphatikizapo zokhudza muyeso, mawerengedwe;
• Kumanga chikukhudza zojambula.

Ndime zina m'gulu chikalatacho, malinga ndi mfundo za makamaka yomanga, komanso mitundu ikuchitika ntchito cadastral.

Kapangidwe ka pulani yomangira

Tiyeni tsopano tione mmene akhoza anapereka chikalata funso. Zimafunika yokonza ndondomeko luso nyumbayi wofotokozedwa ndi lamulo, amaganiza kuti chikalatacho adzapatsidwa lililonse nyumba payekha. Ngati izi kapena kuti chinthu anapanga chifukwa cha kumanganso ochepa, dongosolo limachokera mu buku limodzi. Koma chikalata ichi ayenera zimaonekera zotchulidwa mfundo unsembe wa nyumba yonse popangidwa ndi polojekiti.

Kukonzekera dongosolo: amafuna ambiri

Tsopano tiyeni tione mwachindunji zofunika kwa yokonza ndondomeko luso la nyumba pa nkhani ya chakudya ambiri. Chikalata ku funso wasenza pamaziko a deta cadastral za zomangamanga ndi dziko lomwe lili. Chifukwa chaichi, zinthu zimenezi:

• wachotsa;
• cadastral pasipoti.

Ngati nyumba aikidwa pa malo angapo, ntchito Tingafinye aliyense wa iwo. (Osati kuphatikizapo mauthenga pa malo pa dziko) Information nyumbayi kumaonekera dongosolo luso, zochokera zili operekedwa ndi kasitomala ntchito pa kulingalira zolembedwa, chilolezo chinthu cha kulowa kapena satifiketi kulembetsa kwa nyumbayi. Mabaibulo chikalatacho zogwirizana angakhale m'gulu mu alumikiza dongosolo yomanga. Nthawi zina zotchulidwa chilamulo cha magwero deta kupanga chofunika. Ngati ndi choncho, ndiye zokhudza chinthu m'gulu dongosolo la nyumba zogona pa maziko chikalata, amene anali okonzekera malinga ndi zofunika zina anaika mu malamulo. Nkhani zogwirizana mu nkhani iyi ayenera kukhala mbali ya ofunsira kukonza.

Ngati yokonza chikalata ku funso kuchita zina, ntchito imene anapatsidwa ndi a malamulo feduro, m'mabaibulo kuyenela m'gulu kapangidwe ntchito.

Mtundu wa Ndondomeko ili yonse yomanga

Nkhani mu funso, adzakwapulidwa anakonza mu mawonekedwe a pakompyuta mu mtundu XML. Pankhaniyi, ayenera mbiri yabwino ndi digito siginecha injiniya cadastre. file Izi ziyenera miyezo anakhazikitsa kwa mtundu zoyenera kudziwa potengera izo, iwo akhoza kuwerenga ndi kuyang'aniridwa.

Intaneti chiwembu cha nyumbayi ayenera kupangidwa zidindo XML ofotokoza amene wavomerezedwa ndi Office wa Cadastre Federal ndipo adakweza ku malowo. Ngati malamulo zoyendetsera ntchito owona lolingana lisinthike, Utumiki wa Cadastre Federal kusintha kwa deta XML-zidindo.

Pakompyuta akatswiri okonza siginecha ayenera mbiri yabwino ndi kutsatira muyezo zidayika mu malamulo Russian ndi malamulo chikalata amagetsi.

Nawonso ntchito, omwe amathandizana dongosolo nyumba akhoza kusindikizidwa pa pepala. Kuti ndizipeza iwo chikalata mu funso, iwo ayenera scanned mu mtundu PDF ndipo nayenso walemba ntchito EOC injiniya cadastre. dongosolo pansi nyumba kapena zace aliyense gawo kuti scanned mu JPEG mtundu.

Kapangidwe ka ntchito Mwina mulinso zikalata zina zamagetsi, ngati anapereka chifukwa mwa malamulo a la Russia. Nthawi zina (mwachitsanzo, chifukwa kukhalapo kwa zinthu zoyenera mu mgwirizano mgwirizano), ntchito yomanga ndi kukonza pepala. zinthu zimenezi mbiri yabwino ndi siginecha ndi chisindikizo cha injiniya cadastre. Koma ulinso kuti wasenza ndi dongosolo digito wa nyumbayi - mu nkhani iyi, ndi wodzilemekeza ndi pepala.

Kupanga dongosolo lemba la chipika nyumba

Ife tsopano kuphunzira njira imene malamulo a boma latsopano la Russia inakhazikitsa amafuna kuti kalembera wa chipika mawu a mpukutuwu.

M'nkhani ya Ndondomeko ili yonse yomanga analembedwa makamaka yonse ya ntchito kuchitika ndi Cadastre. Chifukwa chaichi, lemba coherent, kumene kungakhudze zambiri monga:

• adiresi ya kumanga ka ziwalo;
• njira yopezera zinthu;
• maonekedwe a nyumbayi;
• manambala cadastral zinthu;
• chiwerengero cha zogona ndipo sanali zogona malo mu dongosolo nyumbayi.

Mtundu lotsatira deta, olembedwa kuti lemba dongosolo - mfundo za makasitomala anagwira ntchito pa Cadastre. Pakhoza kukhala anasonyeza:

• dzina lonse, mfundo pasipoti, adiresi ya makasitomala - ngati anthu masoka,
• Dzina nkhokwe, tini adiresi - ngati mwamuna ali ndi udindo wa bungwe lalamulo.

Dongosolo la nyumba chipika pansi kulingalira komanso tiyenera kusonyeza:

• tsiku la yokonza buku yomaliza ya chikalata monga injiniya;
• zokhudza munthu kukafola chikalata kusonyeza dzina lake lonse, chiwerengero pasipoti, umboni ziyeneretso, foni, adilesi kapena ndondomeko mabwana ake ngati akatswiri okonza akuchita ntchito ntchito zake mu udindo wa kuntchito.

Mtundu wotsatira wa mfundo zomwe chimaonetsedwa bokosi lemba la Ndondomeko ili yonse yomanga, - mfundo chikalatacho, amene ntchito pokonza gwero ankaona. Mwachitsanzo, monga ntchito zolembedwa, pulogalamuyo zikalata, satifiketi kalembera, mfundo ku kulingalira kwa. Ngati nawo zipangizo cartographic amene anakonza bokosi lemba:

• dzina khadi;
• lonse mapulani nyumba, zikupezeka mu ntchito cartographic;
• tsiku kwa chilengedwe ndipo updating mapu.

china chofunika deta mu chipika lemba chikalata - amene amasonyeza makhalidwe a geodesic chosaiwalika kapena Intaneti kuti ankagwira ntchito ya ntchito pa kulingalira ndi. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kukonza:

• ntchito dongosolo;
• dzina la katunduyo, komanso kulemba gulu zimasonyeza maukonde geodetic;
• kalasi, yodziwika ndi maukonde zogwirizana;
• ndondomeko ya mfundo;
• deta kunyezimiritsa udindo wa katunduyo yang'anirani malo ake, komanso mtundu.

Chikalata mutu, muyenera kukonza mfundo chipika za miyezo njira kuti ankagwira ntchito. Makamaka, zingakhale:

• dzina la chida makamaka kapena chida;
• Kuyeza Zida Malo;
• zokhudza chipangizo kapena chida calibration.

M'pofunika angaonenso zina zabwino makamaka zomwe bokosi lemba kuti chida monga nyumba chiwembu. Choncho, kulabadira zinthu za chinyezimiro mu izo zokhudza chinthu ndondomeko. ndi limatchula za njirayi chiyani?

Mizere kwa nyumba mawu a: mokoma

The mizere ya nyumbayi - chatsekedwa mzere amene aumbike mwa kuika malire akunja, imagwiritsidwa nyumba ndege yopingasa. The mizere limafanana ndi mzere chatsekedwa chimene chimafika kwa mlingo pa zomwe nyumbayi ndi pafupi pamwamba. Izi siziyenera kukhala m'gulu:

• Chipilala kapena ndime;
• yotundumukira kunja kwa mpanda zinthu mkulu, ndi makulidwe osati choposa 0.5 mamita ndi m'lifupi osati choposa 1 m.

Ngati nyumba aikidwa pa Nyumba Zam'mwamba, ndondomeko yake aumbike mwa ziyerekezo kwa malire ake akunja. njira imodzi kapena zina zimakhudza thandizo mu mawonekedwe a mudzi, mu nkhani iyi zilibe kanthu.

Mpukutuwu ayenera kuganizira njira imene ndondomeko ya mizere ya nyumba kapena mbali yake. Zimakhala:

• geodesic;
• potengera Miyezo Kanema,
• photogrammetry;
• miyeso pa mapu malo;
• mawunikidwe.

Ena mokoma yodziwika ndi yokonza dongosolo nyumba, anayambitsa chifukwa kusintha mu zochuluka za zogwirizana zomangamanga.

Kukonzekera dongosolo la kusintha kufufuza

Ngati chikalata ku funso amatsogozedwa chifukwa kusintha deta olembedwa akaundula cadastral, mu bokosi lake lemba ayenera kukhala pa mfundo yatsopano makhalidwe a chinthu kuti koyamba kufufuza lapansi.

Pankhaniyi, chikalatacho adzakhala fotokozerani pa nambala cadastral wa chinthu. mankhwala atasinkhasinkha angathe kuchitidwa Inunso ngati m'pofunika kukonza cholakwa wapezeka mu kujambula dziko. Nthawi zina, monga kale atathana chiwerengero anatumizidwa ku chinthu mu akaundula boma.

Zochita za malo mu mawu a nyumba

Lemba chipika cha chikalata ingakhale monga makhalidwe patsogolo pano mu kapangidwe ka nyumbayi - mwachitsanzo, ngati ndi nyumba Mipikisano banja. Pali zimaonekera:

• manambala cadastral zinthu;
• chiwerengero cha mbewu pa zomwe zili malo;
• maadiresi chinthu;
• woika chipinda, mtundu wake;
• m'dera wa chinthu.

Nthawi zina n'zotheka mwachindunji okha cadastral chiwerengero malo - makamaka ngati mwachita bwino kulowa zokhudza nyumba akaundula boma.

Kutsiliza injiniya cadastre mawu a nyumba

Mbali yofunika lemba la chikalata wagawo mu funso, - mapeto a injiniya kuchita ntchito cadastral. Akhoza kudwala zosiyanasiyana zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, anthu amene amasonyeza zina zimene zinapangidwa pa kujambula kwa nyumba mu Cadastre anapezazo pachithunzichi kuti malo chinthu kuderali ake (ngati dongosolo akatswiri woyenera chitukuko sichinayambe ankafufuza bwinobwino). Pankhaniyi, m'nyengo ya zomangamanga ndi ungasonyezedwere kufunika ntchito zina kuthetsa zolakwika sakudziwika.

Graphic wagawo dongosolo pansi

Yotsatira kiyi chipika kuti ndipamene kapangidwe ka pulani mu funso, - likutipatsa. Iwo athe zimasonyeza zofunikira pa nyumbayi - structural zomangamanga, chimakwirira pafupi malo yomanga.

Mbali mawonekedwe a dongosolo wapangidwa zochokera deta ali m'dziko m'kaundula Tingafinye m'dziko limene nyumbayi ili. Komanso, pamene mamangidwe ake ntchito zosiyanasiyana sanjira, moti kudziwa malo chinthu. Mawonekedwe chipika ankaona dongosolo angakhale monga zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana, zomwe mndandanda anatsimikiza mogwirizana ndi ntchito aliyense Itanitsani №403.

Imathandiza kuganizira mmene dongosolo ali m'gulu chinthu angapo zigawo zina zofunika, kutanthauza - chiwembu cha zomangamanga geodetic ndi zojambula.

Chiwembu zomangamanga geodetic

Izi chigawo chimodzi cha Ndondomeko ili yonse yomanga wasenza pamaziko a miyezo ya zipangizo zimene zimasonyeza kuti nkhani zonse zokhudza ntchito geodetic imachitika pa Cadastre.

Chiwembu mu funso, m'pofunika kuti kusonyeza malo nyumbayi poyerekezera:

• gawo limene chinthu lolingana ndi nyumba zina;
• cadastral kotala.

dera Izi zikuphatikizapo gawo malire kapena mbali, chinthu dera ulemu umene kufufuza ntchito, komanso zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana. Komanso angakhale monga contours ena a nyumba, zomwe zili pa malo omwewo, limene anamanga nyumba zazikulu, kusonyeza deta pa malo a misewu, misewu ndi maofesi ena kuti n'zomveka kuti monga chikalata zowonjezera.

nyumba Mapulani

Mapulani monga mbali ya chikalatacho ziziperekedwa pa sikelo amene amalola angaone dongosolo ndi miyeso ya nyumbayi, kuti akukwana kuonetsetsa aziwakonda wa malo mfundo yaikulu ya mizere wa chinthu. N'zotheka kukonza malo a zinthu makamaka a zomangamanga dera ndi callouts zosiyanasiyana kapena mafelemu amene amapezeka pa mapepala payekha m'gulu kapangidwe zojambula.

Nthawi zotchulidwa malamulo chikalata ku funso akhoza wodzilemekeza ndi zina. Mwachitsanzo, zingakhale pansi mapulani - lathunthu kapena mbali yake iriyonse. Pankhaniyi, magwero zogwirizana angathe kukonzekera choyamba, kutenga nkhani zofunika kuonedwa ndi ife - iwo amene wavomerezedwa ndi Order # 403, ndipo chachiwiri - pamaziko a malamulo anatengera ndi Akuluakulu abomawa mu lamulo la mauthenga m'dera ubale cadastral.