Kalalikiyu - izo ... Mawu chisokonezo

Nthawi zina kuwerenga kapena mabuku ena zokhudza mbiri ya Russia wakale ndi ufumu, ife tikupeza mawu "dikoni," koma osati aliyense amadziwa tanthauzo lake lenileni, ndipo, mopitirira, ndi lofanana ndi ofanana mu phokoso ndi kalembedwe la mawu akuti "dikoni" ( molondola - dikoni.) Tiyeni tiwone, kodi tanthauzo la mawu akuti "dikoni". The ofotokozera Dictionary Ozhegova zotsatirazi tanthauzo - "dikoni - kapitawo . Mabungwe onse" Choncho, kalaliki - ndi yaboma, zambiri kuposa, kuwatsogolera ntchito ya boma. Nthawi zina mawu anasonyeza ndi udindo, ndi malo imodzi. kuti uyu anali theka lachiwiri la m'zaka XVII, ndipo pambuyo kuchotsa Dyakov anabwera akuluakulu ena a boma.

Chiyambi cha mawu akuti "dikoni"

Monga ndanena kale, owerenga zambiri kusokoneza "kalaliki" ndi "Dikoni" imene ili N'zosadabwitsa, chifukwa mawu onse kubwera yomweyi Greek - mtumiki ( "diakonos", διακονος). Komabe, iwo ndi osiyana. Ngati kalaliki - munthu, wokhala pa utumiki wothandiza, dikoni ndi mtumiki wa mpingo, ili choyamba, m'munsi gawo unsembe. Iwo amathandizanso wansembe pa nthawi ya miyambo kulambira, komanso magetsi kufukiza.

N'zosadabwitsa kuti ambiri kusokoneza mawu awiri monga zofanana. Ngakhale wolemba kwambiri Nikolay Vasilevich Gogol ku nkhani yake "Vij" zimasakanikirana mfundo izi - "Ndikufuna mudziwe zimene akuphunzira seminare: ngati kwambiri kuti kalaliki kuwerenga mu mpingo, kapena china chilichonse?"

nkhani

Choncho mbani clerks, ndi chimene iwo anali kuchita utumiki onse? Poyamba, yekha za udindo wa refills, koma mu zaka za m'ma XVI, mu ulamuliro wa Basil III wa, clerks analanda onse zolembalemba Duma, chifukwa latsopano udindo boma - kalaliki bwalo la akulu. Pang'onopang'ono anayamba amakhazikika mu zochitika ina mwayekha, ndipo kenako unatha ntchito zawo ntchito kokha nkhani ya Duma. Clerks woyamba monga alembi, ndipo kenako Ngopambana unayamba kuonekera mu minda. Kale m'zaka za m'ma XV. kalaliki - si mkulu zazing'ono, koma zambiri komanso osayanjanitsika, manja awo pa ntchito mogwirizana ndi anthu a mayiko ena. Patapita antchito awa anaika milandu nkhani usilikali ndipo ntchito, ndi kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma XV. iwo kutsogolera ntchito intaneti.

anapezazo

Choncho zochokera kumwamba, limodzi tikhoza kunena kuti kalaliki - mtumiki aboma, choyamba ankaimba udindo wa mlembi kapena mlembi, ndipo kenako walanda ntchito zina zambiri, kaya thandizo m'madera a boma, kasamalidwe ka utumiki kulankhulana kapena zolembalemba asilikali.