The Radeon 6970: mwachidule, makhalidwe, poyerekeza ndi mpikisano ndi ndemanga

Radeon HD 6970 - zithunzi khadi, AMD, linatuluka mu December 2010. Zake zomangamanga zimatithandiza kamangidwe ka mapurosesa mtsinje ndi anawapatsa dzuwa kwambiri.

mbiri lachitsanzo

Mu 2008, AMD zachitika ndipo anatulutsa Radeon HD 4000 zino, codenamed R700 ndi ATI matekinoloje mtundu. Mwina, anthu ambiri ntchito mu PC awo. R700 zomangamanga alowa m'malo mwa nthawi yaitali R800, amene kunathandiza kwa masanjidwe AMD ali ATI ndi Radeon HD 5000. The ngale anali HD 5870 zino khadi, amene anaonekera mu September 2009. Mpheroyi transistors biliyoni 2.15 ndipo inayenda bwino kwabasi, otsala flagship osakwatiwa-purosesa chitsanzo 15 miyezi. M'malo kumapeto kwa 2010. Pa nthawi imeneyi inali imodzi mwa makadi bwino mu mtengo wake osiyanasiyana kuti odziwikiratu.

NVIDIA anatenga 6 miyezi moto kumbuyo amasulidwe GeForce GTX 470 ndi 480, ndipo ngakhale ambiri ankakhulupirira kuti iye sanali kuchita zomwe. Pambuyo ochepa mwamsanga mabala mitengo ndi bwino dalaivala thandizo khadi anatha kukhala mpikisano. Komanso yatsoka GTX 460 GF110 zomangamanga ndi woyengeka anathandiza kulenga mankhwala yotheka, ndi kukonza njira ya zitsanzo zotsatirazi, womwe GTX 580 ndi 570.

Nthawiyi, AMD ali anapereka HD 6000 October 209 TH kudutsa ndi ndodo mwachangu, kutsogolera kwa zithunzi khadi HD 6870 monga counterweight kuti GTX 460, phindu limene kenako anali $ 240. Zinali chitsanzo chidwi, kupatulapo ndale opiringizidwa dzina ndi Mlengi wa kuwakumbutsa nthawi ndi nthawi kuti si mmalo chitsanzo 5870-TH. Kuyambira zino, ndi ATI matekinoloje mtundu inali yololedwa adamchitira cholinga malumikizanidwe pakati pa katundu zithunzi kuchokera AMD ndi nsanja kompyuta yake. Choncho, anasintha Logo kamangidwe.

Patapita nthawi pang'ono yomweyo, izo anamasulidwa latsopano Radeon HD 6970 2GB. Zithunzi purosesa, codenamed Cayman wapangidwa biliyoni 2,64 transistors, lomwe ndi 23% kuposa 5870-TH chitsanzo. Ngati GTX 570 ndi 580, omwe bwino Mabaibulo a GTX 470 ndi 480, HD 6970 wakhala Baibulo modernized wa chitsanzo 5870-TH.

Zosintha 6900 Series

mkulu-mapeto zomangamanga Cayman, ntchito mu mndandanda HD 6900 ndi wosiyana pang'ono kwa Barts, debuted mu 6870 TH ndi 6850 TH zitsanzo. Ndi ntchito kasinthidwe VLIW5 HD 5000 womwenso SIMD ndi anayi yosavuta 1 zovuta mayunitsi mtsinje processing. Video khadi 6900 Series osiyana kasinthidwe VLIW4, imene otaya processing ndi bungwe m'magulu a anthu 4 midadada ndi akaundula ambiri. Pamene iwo onse ali ndi mwayi ofanana, 2 iwo (3 ndi 4) ntchito yapadera. Malinga ndi mfundo kampani AMD, VLIW4 kasinthidwe imapereka processing mphamvu osati otsika VLIW5, pamene kuchepetsa m'dera Chip ndi 10%.

mapurosesa Cayman kupereka mkulu mlingo wa parallelization poyerekeza ndi yobiriwira / Cyprus zomangamanga ntchito HD 5800. Barts GPUs akodwa pakati, popeza akhala patsogolo ku Cyprus kugwiritsira opha otaya munthu aliyense wa awiri SIMD midadada. tchipisi Cayman mungachite kwambiri zikomo kwa injini awiri GPE ndi cholinga cha aliyense wa iwo kwa SIMD-unit. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zomangamanga tsopano ali awiri zosavuta tessellation wagawo poyerekeza munthu pa Barts. Mu HD 6900 zithunzi khadi, kotero tessellation ntchito akhoza kwambiri bwino. Malinga AMD, chinawonjezeka 3 khola poyerekeza HD 5870. Kuwonjezera, Cayman zomangamanga komanso umasiyana kukonzedwa mamasuliridwe injini ongokhala 128 ROP Z / osindikizira, 32 ROP mtundu, ndi ntchito inteja pafupifupi kawiri mofulumira 16-bit ndi 2-4 -fold kuwonjezera liwiro ntchito 32-bit akuyandama-mfundo.

zomangamanga Cayman

The kusintha kwa VLIW5 VLIW4 kuti bwino kompyuta mphamvu AMD: kuchepera SPU yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito mokwanira, FP64 timapitiriza ntchito poyerekeza kota-FP32, ndi kupulumutsa danga akhoza kumakhalamo SIMD zina. Koma ngati Cayman anali kuyesa kwambiri kuti tipeze kufalikira mu msika wa kompyuta zithunzi ndi snip kuchokera chidutswa cha mkate kuchokera NVIDIA, ndiye ayenera kuchita zoposa kungowonjezera shaders latsopano. Choncho, AMD anavutika kusintha magwiridwe a zithunzi zake purosesa, n'cholinga choti loopsa kwa zomangamanga Fermi.

Mbali yaikulu ya Cayman ndi asynchronous ndandanda. Mawu akuti limafotokoza molondola zimene zimapangitsa khadi. The Fermi NVIDIA anayambitsa kuthandiza mitima analemba zomwe mwayi kugwira kuwerengetsera zidutswa zingapo za malamulo nthawi. AMD akubwerezedwa njira NVIDIA, koma linaposa.

Kuchepetsa kapangidwe Fermi ndi kuti ngakhale zomangamanga umathandiza kuti ntchito mitima angapo, omwe ayenera chinali ndi mapurosesa umodzi mtsinje. ofunsira Independent Mwachitsanzo, simungathe apereke malamulo awo ndi kuthamangira mu kufanana ndi GPU ayenera lophimba nkhani pakati pawo. Asynchronous anatumiza kuchokera AMD lakonzedwa kulola mitsinje ndi ntchito palokha kupanga malamulo adzakhala anaphedwa mu kufanana. Osachepera pa pepala, kumakupatsani mwayi kwambiri (nkhani lophimba ndi odula kwambiri), zomwe kuposa Fermi ntchito.

Mfundo ndandanda asynchronous ndi kuti GPU amabisa zambiri za boma lake lenileni la ntchito ndi code, omwe tingati zimalambira virtualization zinthu zimene GPU. Ndipotu, chidutswa chirichonse cha ndondomekozi zikusonyeza kuti ntchito pa GPU wanu ndi ima pamzere ake lamulo ndi wapadera pafupifupi adiresi danga. Iwo akugwiritsa katundu pa GPU ndi madalaivala, koma n'kothandiza kuti ndi bwino kuposa lophimba nkhani.

Asynchronous ndandanda amafuna API thandizo. DirectCompute ndi amodzi muyezo, ndipo zimenezi sagwirizana, osachepera mu Mabaibulo 11 wachiwiri. Choncho, asynchronous ndandanda akuyendera monga mbali ya OpenCL.

The ena patsogolo akugwirizanira AMD kukumbukira ndi ntchito posungira. Nyumba zikuluzikulu akanali yemweyo apa, koma ena kusintha zazing'ono mu mawerengedwe a mankhwala zidalengedwa. deta Local yosungirako kupezeka pa chilichonse SIMD, panopa akutha kumachilambalala posungira aka deta lonse yosungirako kuwerenga mwachindunji. Cayman nawo 2 wagawo kukumbukira mwachindunji mwayi, amene MAKONO kulemba ndi kuwerenga liwiro, wakupatsani kuchita ntchito pamene 2 zonse zinayi.

Potsiriza, anali pang'ono mofulumira kuwerenga shaders. Poyerekeza ndi Cyprus, Cayman akhoza kuchepetsa ntchito ndi kaphatikizidwe iwo.

kamangidwe

khadi m'litali ndi 27 cm, zomwe ndi zina mwa zitsanzo ano mkulu-ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, HD 4870 X2 m'litali ndi 28 cm, monga HD 5870. HD 6970 miyeso chomwecho zofanana GTX 580. Monga kuloŵedwa m'malo, AMD Radeon HD 6970 amapangidwa ntchito ndondomeko 40nm, koma kampani anawonjezera wina transistors miliyoni 486, chifukwa zimene Chip kukula chawonjezeka ndi 16%. GPU pakati akuthamanga pa 880 MHz, amene ali 3.5% kuposa HD 5870, ndi GDDR5 komanso pang'ono mofulumira pa pafupipafupi 1375 MHz. kukumbukira pafupipafupi ndiponso basi 256-bit, HD 6970 amapereka bandiwifi ongolankhula a 176 GB / s, ndilo gawo 14.5 mwayi pa HD 5870.

HD 6970 ndi osiyana ndi akulu 5870-TH chitsanzo komanso kasinthidwe zofunika. Ngati yotsirizira anali 1,600 mitima 80 ndi 32 matchalitchi anayamba rasterization wagawo, woyamba analandira mtsinje purosesa 1536, kapangidwe wagawo 96 ndi chimodzimodzi 32 ROP (mitima 4% m'munsi ndi 20% kwambiri matchalitchi anayamba).

Chifukwa cha maganizo wosuta, pachimake yofunika bilinear kapangidwe zosefera amachitidwa pa liwiro la 84,5 gigatexel / s, nadzaza pixels - 28,2 RN / s. Magwiridwe a 2,7 teraflops. The atatu azithunzi omwe tikunena powonekera wamangidwa pa mlingo wa polygons miliyoni 880 / gawo. khadi amathandiza wapawiri-mtsinje HD-kanema kubwezeretsa ndipo ali Integrated zomvetsera Mtsogoleri.

Mkati choncho ndi kusindikizidwa dera bolodi ndi malo GPU a 389 mamilimita ² pakati. Padziko purosesa 8 GB 2 Hynix GDDR5 kukumbukira tchipisi ndi mwadzina mlingo deta ya 6 Gbit / s, 0,5 GB / S mpaka pafupipafupi khadi opaleshoni. Kugwiritsa GDDR5 liwilo imavuta ndi mavuto polenga wabwino kukumbukira basi kuti kwakhudza chitsanzo. AMD apita patsogolo kukwaniritsa pa 5.5 Gbit / s mwa kuwongolera kamangidwe ka matabwa kusindikizidwa dera, koma zina kuonjezera liwiro zikuoneka kosathandiza ngati chifukwa cha kamangidwe ka basi 256-bit.

wozizira

Yozizira purosesa ndi opondapo zotayidwa Redieta vaporization chipinda ongokhala 39 mbale kutalika 13.5 masentimita, m'lifupi masentimita 6.5 ndi kutalika 2.5 cm. Evaporator kapangidwe anali woyamba akuyendera AMD ATI Radeon HD5970 kukabwereka mu NVIDIA GeForce GTX 570 ndi 580. Pamapeto pake, akamazizira rediyeta zimakupiza 75 × 20 mm, limene lili ndi mpweya ndi nyumba ndi amakankhira kunja kumbuyo kwa khadi.

Chifukwa cha maganizo wosuta, ku mbali yaikulu ya ozizira ndi chete kwambiri, mothandizidwa otsika mowa mphamvu (W 20) mu mode ulesi. Pa masewera, fani, ndithudi, Iyamba, ndi kutsegula khadi amadya mpaka 250 Watts. Ichi ndi 33% kuposa chofunika Radeon HD 5870, koma ngakhale ndi kuwonjezeka katundu kutentha si kuwonjezera mlingo phokoso ndi mfundo yoyenera.

Redieta ndi kukolezera ndi unazunguliridwa mu nyumba mwapadera kuti akubisa lonse zithunzi khadi. AMD ndi zofala kamangidwe ka zitsanzo awo ambiri osankhika. Malinga ndi maganizo wosuta, ndi kapangidwe amakonda chifukwa amateteza odalirika chipangizo chanu. NVIDIA nayenso akuchitira m'mbuyomu chifukwa ngati zithunzi mtengo kwambiri makadi awo, GTX 295 wapawiri-GPU, ngakhale zake mankhwala ena flagship (mwachitsanzo, GeForce GTX 580), chitukuko ichi watha ntchito.

zamalumikizidwe

Pofuna kuonetsetsa okwanira mphamvu khadi, AMD anaika 8- ndi 6-pini zolumikizira PCIe. Chotero njira angapezeke mu HD 5970 ndi GTX 580, T. Kwa. Kasinthidwe Izi kawirikawiri ntchito zitsanzo kulakalaka kwambiri mphamvu. Kumene, HD 6970 CrossFire chithandizo, ndi pa malo muyezo, mungapeze awiri zolumikizira kulumikiza makadi awiri kapena kuposa. Kenako ndi lophimba kuti amakulolani kusankha pakati 2 BIOS. Izi zachitika kusintha kudalilika chitsanzo pa nkhani ya kulephera kwa kukumbukira kung'anima. Komanso, inu mukhoza kuthamanga GPU pogwiritsa ntchito dongosolo kubwerera, kenako n'kuyambanso chachikulu ndi kukonzanso kusoka mapulogalamu kuonongeka. Izi zisanachitike, AMD siligwirizana rewritable BIOS osiyana, koma kukhazikitsa umenewu wakhala kusintha chidwi.

Madoko omwe atsala ili pa gulu athandizira / linanena bungwe. Reference chitsanzo kanema khadi okonzeka ndi awiri wapawiri DL-DVI-cholumikizira awiri, doko Mini-DisplayPort ndi HDMI. Dziwani kuti 6970-I chitsanzo amathandiza munthu pazipita kusamvana mpaka 2560 × 1600 pa 3 oyang'anira. likulu A ndi Mipikisano mtsinje, ntchito mini-cholumikizira DisplayPort 1.2, khadi angathe kutumikira kwa kusonyezedwa asanu. Monga 5870, mbali kumbuyo kwa chipangizo aphimbidwa ndi mbale zitsulo. Ngakhale palibe zigawo zikuluzikulu amene amafuna chitetezo, kusankha bwino analandira ogwiritsa ntchito, chifukwa zimathandiza inu kutenga khadi, musadandaule asakhudze zikhomo lakuthwa.

Pamene kukula wonse wa HD 670 ndi pafupifupi ofanana chitsanzo 5870-TH, ndemanga wosuta, AMD akuzinga kapangidwe si zabwino kwambiri pankhani ntchito mu mode CrossFire ndi kukhazikika lotsatira makadi 2. The nyumba 5870 TH pang'ono anaima pakati, kusunga awatulutsira mpweya kuchokera kutsekereza matabwa pafupi. Mu 6970 woyamba mwanaalirenji si, ndipo mukhoza pafupifupi kupeza khadi pamwamba, malingana ndi mmene anaika. Chifukwa, kutentha limatuluka, koma osati ndi mfundo yovutayi. AMD ndi kofunika kuphunzira kuchokera mpikisano awo ku NVIDIA ndi kuzungulira fani kuonetsetsa danga kuti amulola ulere "kupuma." Ogwiritsa akulimbikitsidwa kukhazikitsa ndi zithunzi khadi, kusiya pakati pawo kutali zedi, ngati mavabodi ndi galimotoyo kuwalola.

zokolola

Malinga ndi maganizo wosuta, Futuremark 3DMark 11 mayeso anasonyeza kuti poyesedwa koopsa Radeon HD 6970 AMD ndi mofulumira kuposa 7% kuposa GTX 570 (1821 mfundo ndi 1697). Ngati mwayi wotero mwa mayesero Masewero athu, zingathandize m'manja mwa Mlengi. Malinga ndi mayeso omwewo, HD 6970 ndi 7% pang'onopang'ono kuposa GTX 580 (1962 mfundo), 27% m'munsimu HD 5970 (2506) ndi 16% waphindu kuposa HD 5870 (1572 mfundo).

Zinyalala 2

Masewerawa ali wosangalatsa anamanga-mu mayeso amene molondola amaona ntchito yeniyeni. Zinyalala 2 owerenga kuti tizithamanga pa DirectX 11 mode adamulowetsa 4hAA ndi zoikamo pazipita fano khalidwe. The Radeon 6970 akukamba avareji 77 ndi / C mu chigamulocho wa 1920 × 1200, kupangitsa chabe 10% mofulumira kuposa HD 5870. Chofunika More, HD 6970 anasonyeza kuti 21% pang'onopang'ono kuposa mpikisano waukulu, ndi GTX 570. Other zitsanzo zodula kutali kwambiri kumbuyo. HD 5970 chinali 23% mofulumira kuposa chitsanzo 6970-TH, ndi GTX 580 anali 33 peresenti mwayi. Zinyalala 2 chifundo kwa HD 6970.

F1 2010

The masewera ndi pomwe adafika woyamba waukulu anamanga-mu mayeso amene molondola amaona ntchito ya khadi. Ogwiritsa anakumana F1 2010 mu DirectX 11 mode ndi 8xMSAA ndi zoikamo bwino zithunzi. Tikumbukenso kuti iwo analephera kufika ntchito bwino ndi madalaivala atsopano CrossFire, kotero HD 6970 ndipo sanathe kupeza patsogolo. F1 2010 zotsatila n'zosadabwitsa, popeza HD 6970 - wachiwiri yachangu zithunzi khadi, amene wayesedwa chikalata cha 1920 × 1200, amene ali% 9 okha pang'onopang'ono kuposa GTX 580. wamphamvu zithunzi khadi HD 6970 5% kuposa chitsanzo 5870-TH. Zotsatira mu masewerawa akadali pang'ono zachilendo, T. Kwa. HD 6970 patsogolo pa GTX 570 ndi malire wooneka wa 22%.

M'nyanja zikuluzikulu: Modern Nkhondo 2

Kuonanso ntchito ya khadi zithunzi mu masewerawa, Intaneti ntchito ntchito Fraps. Zokonda pazipita masewera khalidwe limodzi 4hAA 60 wachiwiri kujambula wa kosewera masewero. Chiyesedwe Radeon 6970 anasonyeza mlingo kulunzanitsa anapezeka 73 f / m, amene ali 1 / ku GTX 480. Izi bwino ukufanana ntchito GTX 570 (74 f / s) ndi 16% m'munsimu GTX mofulumira 580. Poyerekeza ndi wapawiri Radeon HD 5970, 6970-I chitsanzo zaka 19% pang'onopang'ono, ngakhale lili ndi mlingo wa 30% mafelemu ndi wamkulu kuposa HD 5870.

M'nyanja zikuluzikulu: Black Ops

Fraps anathandizanso kutulutsa kusanthula poyerekeza wa masewera umodzi player. mlingo ogwiritsa chimango anayeza pa 1 mphindi kosewera masewero woyamba wosanjikiza umodzi (Opaleshoni 40) ndi zotsatira pazipita zithunzi, kuphatikizapo 4hAA. Black Ops Zotsatira zake zinasonyeza kuti Radeon 6970 kumbuyo GTX 570 ndi 5% ndipo 13% - kuchokera GTX 580. Pa sing'anga 105 kupita / ndi mu chikalata cha 1920 × 1200, ndipo zoikamo pazipita Mulimonsemo amakhalabe mukufunika kusintha, chitsanzo outperforms ake kalambulabwalo ndi 24%.

mowa mphamvu

Poyerekeza ndi HD 5870, I-6970 lachitsanzo kumathetsa mphamvu 16.5% kwambiri, koma, anapatsidwa kuti kulinso 24% mofulumira, eni kupeza kuti ambiri ndi zambiri zithunzi ntchito. Poyerekeza ndi HD 5970, 6970-I chitsanzo 3% kwambiri ndalama, koma pafupifupi pang'onopang'ono ndi 15% ndi 26% mu Crysis Warehead masewera, amene Mulungu anamugwiritsa ntchito mayeso nkhawa. Radeon HD 6970 amadya pafupifupi yofanana mphamvu GTX 570 kudya oposa 1% pansi akatundu kwambiri ndi zosakwana 4% pa zachabe. Popeza kuti zithunzi awiri makhadi kupereka ntchito yomweyo, nthawi imeneyi zikuoneka kuti mofanana chikufanana.

The Kutentha kutentha

Chifukwa cha maganizo wosuta, HD 6970 amakhala ndithu otentha pa maganizo kuyezetsa mu FurMark, kufika 90 ° C, amene ali pamwamba pake pang'ono 87 ° C Model HD 5870. Video GeForce GTX 570, Komano, kokha mkangano kwa 81 ° C, kupanga kwambiri ozizira pa katundu pazipita.

Overclocking

Chothandizira Control gulu Control gulu zimasokoneza pazipita pakati pafupipafupi 950 MHz mtengo kuti Radeon HD 6970 amalandira popanda vuto. Izi si chithunzi yabwino. Kukumbukira pafupipafupi mwina mpaka 1450 MHz, ngakhale ogwiritsa nthawi yomweyo anakumana ndi nkhani ya bata ndi kukakamizidwa kuti abwerere kwa 1440 MHz. Izi 8 peresenti mathamangitsidwe ntchito kumabweretsa ponso 7.6% pamene anayesedwa masewera m'nyanja zikuluzikulu: Ops Black, 7,8% - mu Crysis Warhead ndi 7% - mu Nkhondo Bad Company 2.

Pomaliza

Zikuoneka kuti HD 6900 ndi GTX 500 kubwereza mzake. Ndi kusiyana ofunikira kwambiri, kumene. NVIDIA mankhwala anaonekera pa msika mu nthawi ndi analidi kwambiri kulimbana ndi zitsanzo odana AMD. GeForce GTX 480 anali yachangu osakwatiwa-purosesa zithunzi khadi, ndi GTX 580 ndipo anapitiriza korona pamene anali kwambiri kwa Radeon 6970. The mtengo limafanana ndi mtengo wa chitsanzo GTX 570, ndi kagawo kakang'ono 580th pachikhalidwe HD 6950. Only pa chiyambi cha chaka chamawa, AMD mwayi kuti abwerere Statement ukulu mu ntchito ndi kumasuka 2 HD 6990 makadi zino, codenamed Holandesas.

Radeon HD 6970 kumayendera ndi GTX 570, ndipo analimbikitsa ritelo mtengo khadili lakhazikitsidwa pa $ 369, pamene GTX 570 kuti Bakuman pa $ 349. Ngakhale kuti izi ndi awiri zitsanzo osiyana kwambiri, amasonyeza yemweyo pafupifupi ntchito mu masewera ambiri, mapulogalamuwanso mayeso chikalata cha 1920 × 1200. Nthawi zambiri kusiyana ndi ochepa kwambiri. Radeon 6970 zina ndi 20% mofulumira kuposa GTX 570, ndipo ena - 20% pang'onopang'ono. magetsi onse makadi ndi pafupi kwambiri, kusonyeza milingo chimodzimodzi Mwachangu ntchito. Choncho, HD 6970 ndi wabwino njira kwa GTX 570. The kusankha pakati pa makadi awiri n'kovuta, koma ndi ufulu kukhala njira iliyonse, anapatsidwa mtengo ndi ntchito.

Poyerekeza ndi zitsanzo zina, monga GTX 580, 6970-ine ndinali pafupifupi 15% pang'onopang'ono, koma ndi wokwanira 30% kuchotsera, komanso GTX 570, amene akupereka mtengo bwino. Khadi, amene bwino m'malo mwa HD 6970 - ndi HD 5870. Pa maziko a deta mayeso chigamulocho wa 1920 × 1200 tinganene kuti HD 6970 ndi 24% mofulumira, ndipo 10 zokha% zodula pa avareji. Komanso, dzuwa chitsanzo mphamvu wakhalanso bwino. Kuchuluka mowa mphamvu ndi 16% amapereka zina 24% ntchito. Dziwani kuti Radeon 6970 zikuwoneka bwinoko kuposa GTX 570 masewera STALKER: Kuitana Pripyat ndi Alendo vs. Mdani amene ntchito tessellation. Isanafike oyamba ake, NVIDIA wakhala mwayi kwambiri apa.

Cacikulu, onse zithunzi khadi lili mlingo wosiyana wa ntchito ndi phindu, posankha pakati pa awiri pa nthawi yomweyo zosavuta ndi zovuta. Koma nkhani iliyonse adzakhala olondola.